KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Section 14.0 Nisga’a Effects Assessment VE51988 KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT NISGA’A EFFECTS ASSESSMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS 14.0 NISGA’A EFFECTS ASSESSMENT ................................................................................... 14-1 14.1 Overview .................................................................................................................. 14-1 14.2 Incorporation of Nisga’a Input into Project Design and Assessment ...................... 14-2 14.2.1 Process ....................................................................................................... 14-3 14.2.2 Project Design ............................................................................................ 14-3 14.2.3 Baselines and Work Plans ......................................................................... 14-3 14.2.4 Valued Component Selection ..................................................................... 14-3 14.2.5 Effects Prediction ........................................................................................ 14-4 14.2.6 Development of Mitigation .......................................................................... 14-4 14.2.7 Consideration of Alternatives ..................................................................... 14-4 14.3 Economic Effects ..................................................................................................... 14-5 14.3.1 Overview ..................................................................................................... 14-5 14.3.2 Mitigation Measures and Commitments ..................................................... 14-5 14.3.3 Employment Opportunities ......................................................................... 14-8 14.3.4 Contract and Business Opportunities ....................................................... 14-14 14.3.5 Income ...................................................................................................... 14-16 14.3.6 Unemployment Rates ............................................................................... 14-18 14.3.7 Labour Force Qualifications ..................................................................... 14-21 14.3.8 Links to Nisga’a Rights and Interests ....................................................... 14-24 14.4 Social Effects ......................................................................................................... 14-25 14.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................... 14-25 14.4.2 Demographics .......................................................................................... 14-25 14.4.2.1 Out-migration Scenario .......................................................... 14-26 14.4.2.2 In-Migration Scenario ............................................................. 14-29 14.4.2.3 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-29 14.4.3 Housing .................................................................................................... 14-30 14.4.3.1 LSA ......................................................................................... 14-30 14.4.3.1.1 Out-Migration Scenario ..................................... 14-30 14.4.3.1.2 In-Migration Scenario ........................................ 14-30 14.4.3.2 RSA ........................................................................................ 14-31 14.4.3.3 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-32 14.4.4 Regional Services ..................................................................................... 14-33 14.4.4.1 Out-Migration Scenario .......................................................... 14-33 14.4.4.2 In-Migration Scenario ............................................................. 14-33 14.4.4.3 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-34 14.4.5 Regional Infrastructure ............................................................................. 14-34 14.4.5.2 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-35 14.4.6 Educational Services ................................................................................ 14-36 14.4.6.1 Net Out-Migration Scenario .................................................... 14-36 14.4.6.2 Net In-Migration Scenario ...................................................... 14-36 14.4.6.3 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-37 14.4.7 Links to Nisga’a Rights and Interests ....................................................... 14-37 14.5 Cultural Effects ...................................................................................................... 14-38 14.5.1 Overview ................................................................................................... 14-38 14.5.2 Schedule-related Effects .......................................................................... 14-41 14.5.3 Diet-related Effects ................................................................................... 14-43 14.5.4 Language-based Effects........................................................................... 14-43 14.5.5 Camp Environment ................................................................................... 14-44 14.5.6 Income-Related Effects ............................................................................ 14-44 14.5.7 Access-related Effects .............................................................................. 14-45 14.5.8 Land-based Effects ................................................................................... 14-45 14.5.9 Migration-related Effects........................................................................... 14-46 Version 1.0 VE51988 – Section 14.0 April 2012 TOC i KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT NISGA’A EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 14.5.10 Summary .................................................................................................. 14-46 14.5.11 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................. 14-50 14.5.12 Potential Residual Effects and Their Significance .................................... 14-53 14.5.13 Cumulative Effects Assessment ............................................................... 14-55 14.5.13.1 Rationalisation for Carrying Forward Project Related Residual Effects Into the Cumulative Effects Assessment .... 14-55 14.5.13.2 Interaction Between Nisga’a Culture and Other Past, Present or Future Projects / Activities .................................... 14-56 14.5.13.3 Identification of Potential Cumulative Effects ......................... 14-58 14.5.13.4 Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 14-62 14.5.13.5 Potential Residual Cumulative Effects and Their Significance ............................................................................ 14-63 14.5.13.6 Limitations .............................................................................. 14-64 14.5.13.7 Conclusion .............................................................................. 14-64 14.6 Archaeological Effects ........................................................................................... 14-64 14.7 Human Health ........................................................................................................ 14-65 14.7.1 Public Health ............................................................................................ 14-65 14.7.2 Healthy Living ........................................................................................... 14-67 14.7.3 Worker Safety ........................................................................................... 14-67 14.8 Land Use Effects ................................................................................................... 14-69 14.8.1 Overview ................................................................................................... 14-69 14.8.2 Land Use Area .......................................................................................... 14-70 14.8.3 Increased Accessibility ............................................................................. 14-71 14.8.4 Resource Availability ................................................................................ 14-71 14.8.4.1 Overview ................................................................................ 14-71 14.8.4.2 Wildlife Resources.................................................................. 14-71 14.8.4.2.1 Moose ................................................................ 14-71 14.8.4.2.2 Grizzly Bear ....................................................... 14-73 14.8.4.2.3 Mountain Goat ................................................... 14-75 14.8.4.2.4 American Marten ............................................... 14-76 14.8.4.3 Fish Resources ...................................................................... 14-77 14.8.4.3.1 Overview ............................................................ 14-77 14.8.4.3.2 Exclusions ......................................................... 14-77 14.8.4.3.3 Dolly Varden ...................................................... 14-77 14.8.4.3.4 Coho Salmon ..................................................... 14-81 14.8.4.3.5 Rainbow Trout ..................................................