Deliverable 4.1 Catalogue of Future Business Services and Associated Business Opportunities DISSEMINATION LEVEL PU Public X PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) COVER AND CONTROL PAGE OF DOCUMENT Project Acronym: Road4FAME Project Full Name: Development of a Strategic Research and Innovation Roadmap for Future Architectures and Services for Manufacturing in Europe and Derivation of Business Opportunities Grant Agreement No.: 609167 Programme ICT – Challenge 7: ICT for the Enterprise and Manufacturing Instrument: Coordination Action Start date of project: 01.06.2013 Duration: 29 months Deliverable No.: D 4.1 Document name: Catalogue of Future Business Services and Associated Business Opportunities Work Package 4 Associated Task 4.1; 4.2 Nature 1 R Dissemination Level 2 PU Version: Issued 1.0 Actual Submission Date: 2015-05-30 Contractual Submission Date 2015-05-30 Editor: Haydn Thompson Institution: THHINK E-mail: [email protected] The Road4FAME project is co-funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement n o 609167. The author is solely responsible for its content, it does not represent the opinion of the European Community and the Community is not responsible for any use that might be made of data appearing therein. 1 R=Report, P=Prototype, D=Demonstrator, O=Other 2 PU =Public, PP =Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services), RE =Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services), CO =Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) Change Control Document History Version Date Change History Author(s) Organization Draft 201 4-07 -30 Draft: Overview including Haydn Thompson and THHINK , IFM and information supplied by Daniela Ramos- ATOS THHINK, IFM and ATOS on Hernandez with business models in general contributions from literature. Nicky Athanassopoulou, Silvia Castellvi and Diego Esteban V2.1 2015 -04 -02 Draft with Interview material Haydn Thompson and THHINK , ATOS, from THHINK, ATOS, SEZ and Daniela Ramos- SEZ and IFM IFM added. Analysis added Hernandez, Silvia from mapping. Workshop Castellvi, Diego information added with Esteban, Meike contribution from IFM on Reimann, Carsten business characterisations. Ruckriegel, Nicky Athanassopoulou and Jonathan Hughes V2.2 2015 -05 -02 Review comments from SEZ Meike Reimann SEZ V3.0 2015 -05 -05 Transcriptions from workshop Haydn Thompson, THHINK and added by THHINK and ATOS Daniela Ramos- ATOS Hernandez and Diego Esteban. V3.2 2015 -05 -10 Final editing to create Haydn Thompson THHINK circulation copy for comment V3.3 2015 -05 -13 Review comments from ATOS Diego Esteban ATOS and inclusion of ATOS Vision V3.4 2015 -05 -14 Editing of ATOS Vision material Diego Esteban ATOS V3.5 2015 -05 -15 Editing of ATOS Vision material Haydn Thompson THHINK Issued 2015 -05 -24 Final Version Haydn Thompson THHINK 1.0 Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 11 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 14 2.1 Objectives and scope of the deliverable ........................................................................ 14 2.2 Description of work ...................................................................................................... 14 2.3 Deliverable Sections ..................................................................................................... 15 3 State-of-the-art in business models and services employed by European manufacturing enterprises ................................................................................................................................. 17 3.1 Definition of Business Models ...................................................................................... 17 3.2 The Business Model Canvas .......................................................................................... 18 3.2.1 Boundaries within Business –Moving Left ............................................................................. 23 3.2.2 A Business Model Framework................................................................................................ 24 3.3 Approach and sources of information ........................................................................... 26 3.3.1 Trends in Manufacturing........................................................................................................ 26 3.3.2 Gartner ................................................................................................................................... 27 3.3.3 Industrie 4.0 and Business Models ........................................................................................ 29 3.3.4 Multi-purpose Transactional Systems and Business Models ................................................. 32 3.4 Business Models Used .................................................................................................. 35 3.4.1 Business Models Extracted from General Literature ............................................................. 36 3.4.1.1 Manufacturer Model - Selling Direct - Cutting Out the Middlemen ..................................... 36 3.4.1.2 Merchant Model .................................................................................................................... 36 3.4.1.3 Advertising Model ................................................................................................................. 36 3.4.1.4 Information Model ................................................................................................................ 36 3.4.1.5 Brokerage Model ................................................................................................................... 37 3.4.1.6 Online Services Model ........................................................................................................... 37 3.4.1.7 Collective business model ..................................................................................................... 37 3.4.1.8 Razor and blades business model/Bait and hook model ...................................................... 37 3.4.1.9 Servitization of products business model ............................................................................. 37 3.4.1.10 Bricks and clicks ................................................................................................................. 38 3.4.1.11 Subscription business model ............................................................................................. 38 3.4.1.12 Value-added reseller (software especially) ....................................................................... 39 3.4.1.13 Fee in, free out -charge first client only then free ............................................................ 39 3.4.1.14 Online auction business model ......................................................................................... 39 3.4.1.15 All-in-one business model ................................................................................................. 39 3.4.1.16 Chemical leasing ................................................................................................................ 40 3.4.1.17 Loyalty business model ..................................................................................................... 40 3.4.1.18 Monopolistic business model ............................................................................................ 40 3.4.1.19 Network effects business model ....................................................................................... 40 3.4.1.20 Premium business model .................................................................................................. 41 3.4.1.21 Professional open-source business model ........................................................................ 41 3.4.2 Business Models Extracted from Foresight Report................................................................ 42 3.4.2.1 Market Offering Business models ......................................................................................... 42 3.4.2.2 Technology Themed Business Models .................................................................................. 45 3.4.2.3 Network Architecture Business Models ................................................................................ 47 3.4.3 Business Models Extracted from the McKinsey Report ......................................................... 49 3.4.3.1 Mass customization ............................................................................................................... 49 3.4.3.2 Circular economy ................................................................................................................... 49 3.4.3.3 Frugal innovation ................................................................................................................... 49 3.4.4 Business Models Extracted from the Smart Industry Report ................................................ 50 3.4.4.1 Acting as a network entity ..................................................................................................... 50 3.4.4.2