A Professional Journal of National Defence College Volume 16 Number 1 June 2017 National Defence College Bangladesh EDITORIAL BOARD Chief Patron Lieutenant General Chowdhury Hasan Sarwardy, BB, SBP, BSP, ndc, psc, PhD Editor-in-Chief Air Vice Marshal M Sanaul Huq, GUP, ndc, psc, GD(P) Editor Colonel A K M Fazlur Rahman, afwc, psc Associate Editors Group Captain Md Mustafizur Rahman, GUP, afwc, psc, GD(P) Lieutenant Colonel A N M Foyezur Rahman, psc, Engrs Assistant Editors Lecturer Farhana Binte Aziz Assistant Director Md Nazrul Islam ISSN: 1683-8475 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electrical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by the National Defence College, Bangladesh Design & Printed by : ORNATE CARE 87, Mariam Villah (2nd floor), Nayapaltan, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Cell: 01911546613, E mail: [email protected] DISCLAIMER The analysis, opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NDC, Bangladesh Armed Forces or any other agencies of Bangladesh Government. Statement, fact or opinion appearing in NDC Journal are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by the editors or publisher. III CONTENTS Page College Governing Body vi Vision, Mission and Objectives of the College vii Foreword viii Editorial ix Faculty and Staff x Abstracts xi Population of Bangladesh: Impact on National Security 01 By - Brigadier General Ashfaque Iqbal, ndc, afwc, psc Impact of Social Media among the Students of Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis 21 By - Brigadier General S M Salahuddin Islam, BP, ndc, psc Emerging Trend of Transnational Threats in the Region and the Role of Border Guard Bangladesh 35 By - Brigadier General Syed Ahmed Ali, ndc Delving Deeper: Branding Bangladesh through Maritime Strategy 56 By - Commodore Syed Misbahuddin Ahmed, (C), NUP, ndc, afwc, psc Bangladesh Railway: An Unexplored Potential 79 By- Group Captain Haider Abdullah, ndc, fawc, psc, GD(P) Digitization of Land Management System –Bangladesh Perspective 98 By - Joint Secretary A B M Azad, ndc Counter Terrorism in Pakistan and Way Forward 118 By - Brigadier Shah Zaman, ndc Importance of Regional Cooperation for Successful Counter Insurgency Operations in Nigeria 133 By- Colonel Abdulwahab Adelokun Eyitayo, ndc IV In Quest of Effective Soldiers Basic Training System for Bangladesh Army in Light of Future Battlefield Challenges 152 By - Lieutenant Colonel M M Moazzem Hossain, SUP, afwc, psc, Engrs A Study on Selected Motivational Tools and their Implications on Efficiency of Bangladesh Army: Clues for the Military Leadership 173 By - Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Jahed Kamal, afwc, psc, Arty Enhancing Maritime Security through Multinational Information Sharing: Ways Ahead for Bangladesh Navy 191 By - Captain A K M Afzal Hossain, (C), afwc, psc, BN Vision 2041: Bangladesh Perspective 213 By - Lieutenant Colonel A N M Foyezur Rahman, psc, Engrs Drawing Inferences of Human Security in Maritime Dimension in Bangladesh: A Governance Perspective 229 By - Commodore K Misbah-Ul-Azim, (TAS), afwc, psc, BN V COLLEGE GOVERNING BODY PRESIDENT Sheikh Hasina Hon’ble Prime Minister People’s Republic of Bangladesh SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT Major General Tarique Ahmed Siddique, rcds, psc (retd) Adviser to the Hon’ble Prime Minister (Security Affairs) VICE PRESIDENT General Abu Belal Muhammad Shafiul Huq, SBP, ndc, psc, PhD, Chief of Army Staff Admiral Nizamuddin Ahmed, NBP, OSP, BCGM, ndc, psc, Chief of Naval Staff Air Chief Marshal Abu Esrar, BBP, ndc, acsc, Chief of Air Staff MEMBERS Lieutenant General Chowdhury Hasan Mohammad Muslim Chowdhury Sarwardy, BB, SBP, BSP, ndc, psc, PhD Secretary, Ministry of Finance Commandant, National Defence College Md Shahidul Haque Lieutenant General Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Foreign Secretary, Ministry of Foreign rcds, ndc, afwc, psc, PhD Affairs Principal Staff Officer, Armed Forces Md. Sohrab Hossain Division Secretary, Secondary and Higher Education Dr. Md Mozammel Haque Khan Division, Ministry of Education Senior Secretary, Ministry of Public Akhter Hossain Bhuiyan Administration Secretary, Ministry of Defence Major General , rcds, psc Salahuddin Miaji Professor Dr. Md. Akhtaruzzaman Vice Chancellor, Bangladesh University of Vice Chancellor, Dhaka University Professionals Professor Dr. Farzana Islam Major General A K M Abdullahil Baquee, Vice Chancellor, Jahangir Nagar University ndu, psc Commandant, Defence Services Command & Professor Dr. Harun-or-Rashid Staff College Vice Chancellor, National University MEMBER SECRETARY Major General Mizanur Rahman Khan, ndc, afwc, psc College Secretary, National Defence College Captain M Joynul Abedin, (ND), afwc, psc, BN Colonel General Staff, Defence Services Command & Staff College VI VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COLLEGE VISION The National Defence College is dedicated to be the premier national centre of excellence on defence, security, strategic and development studies. MISSION To impart training and education to selected senior military and civil officers from both home and abroad on national and international security related fields as well as to impart training to mid ranking military officers of Bangladesh on war studies. OBJECTIVES • To educate and train selected armed forces, civil services and allied officers at operational and strategic level of national security and development. • To focus on long term national security and development issues and to suggest appropriate national responses. • To support the national agencies in policy making on security and development matters. • To support the armed forces on strategic and operational level planning of warfare. • To strengthen civil-military relations in Bangladesh. • To strengthen military to military co-operation in the region and beyond. VII FOREWORD National Defence College is on its track since 1999 with a vision to be the premier national centre of excellence on defence, security, strategic and development studies - meeting the challenges of the 21st century. Since the inception the college has been relentlessly presenting time - befitting academic curricula to the potential policy planners, leaders and strategic thinker of the future. Intent of the college is to create a balanced outlook and bring a visualization amongst the Course Members with a strategic and operational level understanding. Past 18 years of track record attests to the practicability of the learning regime that has made this premier institution a centre of excellence at home and abroad. National Defence College being the premier national institution in Bangladesh, has always been emphasizing on conducting research in contemporary issues. The main aim of the research is to enable Course Members to make an original contribution to a subject of national or international interest that has a bearing on the national security and development. NDC journal is a reflection of the research works carried out by the Course Members and Faculty of the college. I am confident that selected Research Papers of the Course Members accommodating diverse subjects and merits have been included in this issue. I believe the readers will find the articles useful and intellectually stimulating. My heartiest congratulations to all the members who have contributed to this journal. I appreciate the sincere efforts of the Research and Academic Wing and acknowledge the solemn endeavour of the editorial board to bring out the journal timely. This issue of the journal is yet another landmark in the path of advancement of National Defence College, Bangladesh. CHOWDHURY HASAN SARWARDY Lieutenant General Commandant VIII EDITORIAL NDC Journal is a bi-annual publication of National Defence College, the premier national centre of excellence on Security, Strategy and Development Studies. The articles for the journal (Volume 16, Number 1, June 2017) are mostly selected from individual research papers that the Course Members had submitted as part of the course curriculums. The College believes that a senior officer from military and civil services should have a good understanding of the major economic, political and social issues of the nation and be able to recommend measures to face the challenges. National Defence College has been very regular in bringing out `NDC Journal` every year on time. This speaks of the laborious effort and genuine commitment on the part of both the editorial staffs and writers. While research papers are of usually of 10,000 -15,000 words, the abridged versions are of 4,000 - 5,000 words. The abridgement is executed in a manner that the principal arguments and the logical basis are represented succinctly, objectively and clearly. A total 13 (thirteen) papers have been adjudged for publication in the current issue in abridged form. The articles reflect complex and intricate multidimensional issues emanating from the long diversified experiences and the curriculum based deliberations and discourse on various topics concerning comprehensive national security during their trainings. This volume includes papers of different categories those will draw attention of varied group of readers. A reader, before getting into the pleasure of reading, can get an idea of what these papers are about from the abstracts included at the beginning of this journal. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Chief Patron Lieutenant