International Journal of Current Advanced Research ISSN: O: 2319-6475, ISSN: P: 2319-6505, Impact Factor: 6.614 Available Online at www.journalijcar.org Volume 9; Issue 10 (A); October 2020; Page No.23151-23157 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijcar.2020. 23157.4583 Review Article PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC REVIEW ON CONVOLVULUS PLURICAULIS Manjushree Kundlik Pawar1*, Jayesh Ashok Dwivedi2, Smita Chaitanya Nayak3 and V.H. Bhaskar4 *1Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai-400709, India. *1Registered PhD Research scholar from Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Pacific Academy Of Higher Education and Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 2Principal and Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research University, Udaipur-313024, Rajasthan, India. 3Professor and HOD, Department of Pharmaceutics at Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai-400709, India. 4Principal and Professor, Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai-400709, India. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Convolvulus pluricaulis commonly known as shankhpushpi is a multi-target action drug Received 4th July, 2020 and hence it is a significant herb in Ayurveda. It exhibits a comprehensive range of Received in revised form 25th therapeutic potential and is mainly prescribed for use in chronic cough, mental stimulation, August,, 2020 epilepsy, hallucinations, anxiety, insomnia, depression etc. The phytochemistry and Accepted 18th August, 2020 pharmacological aspects of the plant have been scrutinized in this article. Some of the Published online 28th October 2020 biologically active compounds have manifested in the plant. They are carbohydrate-D- glucose, rhamnose, maltose, sucrose, starch, alkaloids like convolvine, convolamine, scopoletin, β-sitosterol, kaempferol, glacial acetic acid, phyllabine, coumarins etc. Additionally, the drug exhibits pharmacological activities like an antidepressant, Key words: antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antithyroid, antiulcer, cardiovascular, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Phytochemistry, antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anxiolytic etc. In Pharmacology, Shankhpushpi. spite of its wide range of remedial actions, no systematic review on C. pluricaulis exists as of date. There is a necessity of evidence-based herbal research. For this reason, the curative potential of the plant in the form of the drug needs to be explored. Copyright©2020 Manjushree Kundlik Pawar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTRODUCTION treatment of bronchitis, biliousness, epilepsy, and teething problems of infants. (Jalwal P, Singh B, Dahiya J, Convolvulus pluricaulis(CP) commonly known as Khokhara S et al., 2016) (Bhalerao SA, Verma DR, Teli Shankhpushpi is a native Ayurvedic herb. It belongs to the NC, Trikannad AA et al., 2016) (Amin H, Vyas HA, family Convulvulaceae and has light blue flowers that have an Harisha CR, Shukla VJ et al., 2011). Moreover, it is also a appearance similar to that of a ‘Shankh” (a marine natural stimulant for the mental stature of children. shell).(Jalwal P, Singh B, Dahiya J, Khokhara S et al., Consequently, Shankhpushpi is reported as a nerve tonic and is 2016) (Bhalerao SA, Verma DR, Teli NC, Trikannad AA effective in the management of anxiety and neurosis. There are et al., 2016). The plant is well known in the form of the herb different varieties of Shankhpushpi available and different as natural medicine. It aids in enhancing and strengthening chemical constituents have been found in plants that have memory and also prevents illness progression. In addition, it proved the therapeutic effect of the plants. Different extracts of provides strength and immunity to the body. (Jalwal P, Singh the plant have shown their potential in treating various B, Dahiya J, Khokhara S et al., 2016). The herb is disorders which are attributed to the presence of various believed to promote longevity, improve complexion and phytoconstituents present in the plant extracts. Furthermore, restore nervous functions, and is found to be pungent, the literature shows the presence of scopoletin (coumarin alternative tonic, and bitter. It is known effectively in the derivative) in the methanolic extract of convolvulus *Corresponding author: Manjushree Kundlik Pawar Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai-400709, India. International Journal of Current Advanced Research Vol 9, Issue 10(A), pp 23151-23157, October 2020 pluricaulis, scopoletin regulates stress hormone serotonin Species 1: Convolvulus pluricaulis and this was found to be responsible for showing Species 2: Evolvulus alsinoides antidepressant-like effects in rats. (Gupta GL, Fernandes J Species 3: Clitoria ternatea et al., 2019) (Amin H, Sharma R, Vyas M, Prajapati PK, Species 4: Canscora decussate Dhiman K etal., 2014).Other constituents like alkaloids – convolvine, convoline, convolamine, phyllabine, phytosterol The findings of HPTLC analysis showed the presence of like β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, phenolic compounds like various phytochemicals in ME of different species of mangiferin, coumarin-scopoletin, a flavonoid– shankhpushpi. The constituents stigmasterol and scopoletin are kaempferol,rutin, terpenoid - β-carotene and triterpenoids like reported to be present in all the species of shankhpushpi. ursolic acid and lupeol have shown their presence in different Ursolic acid and β-carotene are present in canscora decussate species of the plant which is reported to possess activities and clitoria ternatea. Furthermore, mangiferin a polyphenol is related to antioxidant activity, memory dysfunction and CNS present in canscora decussata, a triterpenoid lupeol, and stimulation. (Amin H, Sharma R, Vyas M, Prajapati PK, flavonoid rutin is present in clitoria ternatea. Betulinic acid, Dhiman K et al., 2014) (W.C. Evans, D, Evans, GE chlorogenic acid, and β-carotene are detected in evolvulus Trease et al., 2009) (Sethiya NK, Nahata A, Singh PK, alsinoides. (Sethiya NK, Nahata A, Singh PK, Mishra SH Mishra SH et al., 2019). Phytochemical investigations of et al., 2019) (Sethiya NK, Mishra SH et al., 2015) this plant provide a means for use of this plant in treating (Sethiya NK, Raja MKMM, Mishra SH et al., 2013) various disorders and diseases. To sum up, this review (Sethiya NK, Trivedi A, Mishra SH et al., 2015) (Sethiya compiles all the phytochemical and pharmacological NK, Nahata A, Dixit VK et al., 2009). information of convolvulus pluricaulis. Phytochemical investigations of ethanolic extracts(EE) of Convolvulus pluricaulis LITERATURE REVIEW Chemical constituents The presence of phytochemicals like glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and phenols, hydroxylcinnamic acid, The literature review proclaims many important octacosanol tetracosane with glucose, sucrose were isolated phytoconstituents in the plant that are responsible for its from the whole plant drug. (Sethiya NK, Trivedi A, Patel pharmacological effect. (Amin H, Vyas HA, Harisha CR, MB, Mishra SH et al., 2010) (Chandel U, Kharoliwal S Shukla VJ et al., 2011). Different classes of phytochemicals et al., 2017) (Bhowmik D, Kumar KP, Paswan S, like carbohydrates (D-glucose, rhamnose, maltose, sucrose, Srivastava S, Yadav AP, Dutta A et al., 2012).The dried starch), alkaloids (convolvine, convolamine, confoline, leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis were subjected to the phyllabine, convolidine, convoline, convosine, subhirsine, Soxhlet extraction method by using ethanol as a solvent and convolvidine), flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol), phenolic the EE of CP was further explored for preliminary compounds (mangiferin, scopoletin), phytosterols (β- phytochemical screening by using a different solvent system sitosterol, stigmasterol), terpenoids - β-carotene, for developing TLC. (Chandel U, Kharoliwal S et al., triterpenoids (ursolic acid, lupeol) have shown their existence 2017) (Biradar SR, Rachetti BD et al., 2013).The EE of in the plant. Additionally, other constituents like CP was reported to have different components -flavonoids & hextriacontane, tetratriacontanoic acid, 20oxodotriacontanol, phenol, that were isolated and identified using TLC. Further, 29-oxodotriacontanol, linoleic acid, fatty acid, palmitic acid the presence of phenols and flavonoids depicts that this drug and wax constituents, hydrocarbons, hydroxycinnamic acid, can be used for various pharmacological studies. (Chandel U, octacosanol, tetracosane are also reported to be present in the Kharoliwal S et al., 2017).The phytochemicals present in plant. (Bhalerao SA, Verma DR, Teli NC, Trikannad AA the EE of CP were determined and quantified by standard et al., 2016). procedures. (Chandel U, Kharoliwal S et al., 2017) Phytochemical investigations of methanolic extract (ME) of (Tambe VD, Bhambar SR et al., 2014) (Khoddami A, CP Wilkes MA, Roberts TH et al., 2013). The presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenols was The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical depicted in the study which leads to further research in studies qualitatively with reference to standard procedures. isolation and identification of the active compound. Consequently, the results confirmed the presence of various