Teacher’s Guide People, Places, and Cultures MAGAZINE ARTICLES Rivers: The Source of Life 8 Expository Nonfiction 1170L South America’s Mighty Amazon 12 Expository Nonfiction 1170L The Nile: Lifeblood of East Africa 16 Expository Nonfiction 1380L Swimming for Clean Water 20 Expository Nonfiction 1090L River Rival: Transforming the Thames 22 Expository Nonfiction 1230L The MekongSaving River: Who Our Owns Fresh the Water? Water 26 pg. 8 • What’s a River Horse? pg. 32 Expository Nonfiction 1170L A River for Millions: The Ganges 28 Expository NonfictionGREAT 1240L RIVERS OF THE WORLD China’s Great Duo 38 Expository Nonfiction 1300L The Monkey and the Crocodiles 42 Fable/Play 360L Faces: Rivers of the World © February 2017 Contents Teacher’s Guide for Faces: OVERVIEW People, Places, and Cultures Rivers of the World In this magazine, readers will learn about key uses of Using This Guide 2 the world’s major rivers. Faces: Skills and Standards Overview 3 Rivers of the Saving Our Fresh Water pg. 8 • What’s a River Horse? pg. 32 includes GREAT RIVERS OF THE WORLD World information about Article Guides 4 the cultures and ecosystems supported by rivers and how humans have impacted rivers over time. Cross-Text Connections 14 Mini-Unit 15 Graphic Organizers 18 Appendix: Meeting State and National Standards 19 ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How does a burgeoning world population threaten the health of our river systems? 1 Faces: Rivers of the World © February 2017 Using This Guide We invite you to use this magazine as a flexible teaching tool, ideal for providing interdisciplinary instruction of social studies and science content as well as core literacy concepts Find practical advice for teaching individual articles or use a mini-unit that helps your students make cross-text connections as they integrate ideas and information READ INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES PAGES 4 – 13 Each article in this magazine is well-suited for teaching literacy concepts and content area knowledge For each individual article in this guide, you’ll find the following: Prepare to Read Essential Question CCSS Speaking and Listening 1, 2, 4 Content Concepts C3 Framework for Social Studies Close Reading and Text Analysis Next Generation Science Standards CCSS Reading 1-10 Key Vocabulary Writing/Speaking and Listening CCSS Reading 4 CCSS Writing 1, 2, 3 & 6 CCSS Speaking and Listening 1, 2, 4 TEACH A MINI-UNIT PAGES 15-17 SOCIAL Magazine articles can easily be grouped to make cross-text STUDIES connections and comparisons Our Mini-Unit allows students to read and discuss multiple articles and integrate ideas and information (CCSS Reading 9) Discussing multiple articles (CCSS Reading 9) prepares students to write texts to share and CORE publish in a variety of ways (CCSS Writing 2) LITERACY ARTICLES 2 Faces: Rivers of the World © February 2017 Skills and Standards Overview Essential Question: How does a burgeoning world population threaten the health of our river systems? MAGAZINE CORE CONTENT LITERACY CORRESPONDING CCSS ARTICLES CONCEPT SKILLS ANCHOR STANDARDS Rivers: The Source of Life There may be multiple causes • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 4 & 8 Expository Nonfiction and effects of events and • Determine Author’s Tone Writing 1 developments in the past • Evaluate Evidence • Write a Speech South America’s Mighty Geographic features may inhibit • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 5 & 7 Amazon or facilitate the movement of • Analyze Text Structure Speaking & Listening 1 & 3 Expository Nonfiction people • Analyze Visual Information • Debate a Topic The Nile: Lifeblood of East Physical characteristics of • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 6 & 8 Africa places affect the culture of • Analyze Point of View Writing 2 Expository Nonfiction people living there • Evaluate Evidence • Write a News Article Swimming for Clean Water Individuals may shape • Close Reading Reading 1, 3, 4 & 7 Expository Nonfiction significant historical change • Analyze Word Choice Writing 2 • Interpret Visual Information • Write a Letter River Rival: Transforming the Changes in population • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 5 & 8 Thames distribution patterns result in • Analyze Text Structure Writing 3 Expository Nonfiction changes in land use • Evaluate Evidence Speaking & Listening 1 & 6 • Write and Perform a Play The Mekong River: Who Human activities affect • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 4 & 6 Owns the Water? the physical and cultural • Interpret Figurative Speaking & Listening 1 Expository Nonfiction characteristics of places or Meaning regions • Determine Author’s Tone • Collaborate A River for Millions: The Combinations of cultural and • Close Reading Reading 1, 3, 5 & 7 Ganges environmental characteristics • Analyze Text Structure Writing 2 Expository Nonfiction make places similar to and • Interpret Visual Speaking & Listening 1 & 6 different from each other Information • Write and Present a Commercial China’s Great Duo Combinations of cultural and • Close Reading Reading 1, 3, 4 & 8 Expository Nonfiction environmental characteristics • Analyze Word Choice Writing 1 make places similar to and • Evaluate Evidence different from each other • Write a Travel Blog The Monkey and the A place’s oral traditions reflect • Close Reading Reading 1, 2, 3, 4 & 6 Crocodiles: A River Tale cultural elements • Analyze Point of View Writing 3 from Cameroon • Analyze Word Choice Fable/Play • Write a Fable Comparing Texts: Reading 1, 2 & 3 Mini-Unit: Reading 1, 2 & 3; Writing 2; Speaking & Listening 1 3 Faces: Rivers of the World © February 2017 ARTICLE: Rivers: The Source of Life Magazine pages 8-11, Expository Nonfiction Civilizations have depended on rivers since ancient 1170 RIVERS:By Christine Graf THE SOURCE OF LIFE Thousands of species of fish live in rivers, times With their ability to provide water, food, and Why did the world’s greatest ancient civilizations such as and people rely on these fish for survival. In developing nations, fish is often the major the Mesopotamians and Egyptians choose river locations for source of protein in the diet. Fishing is also the only source of income for many who live in their cities? The answer is simple. They depended on rivers poverty. for their survival. Rivers provided them with food, water, Rivers also provide food and nutrients transportation, cities built along rivers have been for animals that live both in and out of the transportation, and irrigation. Thousands of years later, little water. Complex food chains exist in rivers, and they are vital to maintaining the balance has changed. Today, people still rely on the world’s rivers to of the earth’s ecosystem. Many of these food provide all these things. chains have been negatively impacted during the building of the world’s more than 40,000 sought-after locations Today’s rivers are suffering from dams. Dams affect the quantity and timing of n the United States, rivers and streams provide water flow, block fish migrations, and hold back Itwo-thirds of the country’s drinking water. Water sediments that flow downstream and replenish undergoes a filtration process after being pumped ecosystems with vital nutrients and minerals. from dams that are constructed to collect water from When rivers flood, they leave behind a rivers. Although people who live in industrialized fertile layer of sediment called silt that is rich nations have access to clean, filtered water, those in minerals and more fertile than normal soil. contamination and other man-made issues that must be living in impoverished countries and remote The silt left behind by the annual flooding of villages often do not. Many people drink water the Nile River allowed the ancient Egyptians that is collected directly from rivers, and it is often to grow productive crops of wheat and barley contaminated with parasites and bacteria. Almost 800 along the banks of the river in a desert climate. million people have no access to clean drinking water, In addition to providing sediment, rivers Like most of the world’s great civilizations, ancient exile Score: exile and millions (many of them children) die each year Egypt thrived along the banks of a river. provide water vital to the production of the contained if we want a healthy river system in the future from drinking contaminated water. food supply. Agriculture consumes more In addition to quenching the world’s thirst, rivers than half of the world’s fresh water. Without Women wash clothes in a river in Sao Tome in West Africa. L also provide an important source of food. irrigation systems that remove water from rivers 8 a99 ESSENTIAL PREPARE TO READ QUESTION Show students a physical map of ancient Egypt and ancient Mesopotamia How does a burgeoning world population threaten Explain that these areas witnessed the emergence of some of the world’s first the health of our river complex civilizations Hypothesize why they developed there systems? CORE CONTENT CONCEPT CLOSE READING AND TEXT ANALYSIS Social Studies There may be Key Ideas multiple causes and effects of events • List the main purposes rivers serve After each purpose, give an example of this and developments in the past use mentioned in the article CCSS Reading 1 • Summarize what you learned about thermoelectric and hydroelectric plants Use terms from the text in your summary CCSS Reading 2 CROSS-CURRICULAR • Use details from the text to compare/contrast the river systems of EXTENSION industrialized and impoverished countries CCSS Reading 3 Science Besides the production of electricity, in what other ways has Craft and Structure the power of water been harnessed over time? • Determine Author’s Tone Look at the two paragraphs on page 9 beginning with “Rivers also provide food and nutrients ” How does the author feel about the dam system? How do you know? Why does the paragraph KEY VOCABULARY discussing the flooding of the Nile use the past tense? What is inferred? CCSS Reading 6 irrigation (p. 8) to supply (something, such as land) with water • Evaluate Evidence The title of the article calls rivers “The Source of Life ” by using artificial means (such as Does the author provide sufficient information to support this claim? pipes) CCSS Reading 8 parasite (p.