FIRE PROTECTION & LIFE SAFETY DESIGN MANUAL SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION – OFFICE OF SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN OVERVIEW ........................................................... 3 1.1 PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3 CODES & STANDARDS ................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.5 ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.6 DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.7 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 5 1.8 PLAN REVIEW REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................... 6 1.9 SEISMIC CRITERIA ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.10 ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................ 6 1.11 FIRE SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION AND RENOVATION ........................................ 6 1.12 PERFORMANCE BASED DESIGN .......................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2 BUILDING FEATURES ............................................................................................ 10 2.1 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION ...................................................................................................... 10 2.2 USE GROUPS AND OCCUPANCIES ......................................................................................... 10 2.3 HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITS ..................................................................................................... 10 2.4 SITE CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................................ 10 2.5 FIRE AND SMOKE BARRIERS .................................................................................................. 10 2.6 INTERIOR FINISHES AND DECORATIVE MATERIALS ....................................................... 11 2.7 ROOF COVERINGS AND ROOF DECKS .................................................................................. 12 2.8 INSULATION ............................................................................................................................... 12 2.9 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS ................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER 3 MEANS OF EGRESS ................................................................................................ 15 3.1 STANDARDS ............................................................................................................................... 15 3.2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 15 3.3 MINIMUM WIDTH ...................................................................................................................... 15 3.4 EXIT ILLUMINATION ................................................................................................................ 15 3.5 EXIT MARKING .......................................................................................................................... 15 3.6 ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF EGRESS ........................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER 4 WATER SUPPLY FOR FIRE PROTECTION ....................................................... 18 4.1 PRIVATE SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 SUPPLY DURATION AND MAIN SIZE CRITERIA .................................................................. 18 4.3 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ........................................................................................................... 18 4.4 INDEPENDENT SOURCES ......................................................................................................... 18 4.5 HYDRANTS .................................................................................................................................. 18 CHAPTER 5 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS ....................................................................... 21 5.1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................... 21 Smithsonian Institution Fire Protection & Life Safety Design Manual Office of Safety, Health, and Environmental Management Revision 2014.0 9/19/2014 5.2 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................... 21 5.3 STANDPIPE SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................... 22 5.4 CLEAN AGENT EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS ......................................................................... 22 5.5 COOKING EQUIPMENT SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS ............................................................... 23 5.6 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ......................................................................................... 23 5.7 FIRE PUMPS ................................................................................................................................. 23 CHAPTER 6 FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS ......................................................................................... 25 6.1 PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................................... 25 6.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 25 6.3 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................ 25 6.4 PUBLIC ADDRESS ...................................................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER 7 SPECIAL OCCUPANCY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 27 7.1 COLLECTIONS STORAGE FACILITIES GENERAL ............................................................... 27 7.2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES ......................................................................... 30 7.3 UTILITY ROOMS, SHOP AREAS, AND INCIDENTAL USE SPACES .................................... 30 7.4 TRASH DUMPSTERS .................................................................................................................. 31 7.5 HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS ............................................................................................................. 31 7.6 LABORATORIES ......................................................................................................................... 31 7.7 ATRIUMS AND OTHER VERTICAL OPENINGS ..................................................................... 31 7.8 FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS ....................................................................... 31 7.9 MARINE OPERATIONS .............................................................................................................. 31 7.10 ANIMAL HOUSING FACILITIES .......................................................................................... 32 7.11 COMPACT STORAGE UNITS (MOBILE SHELVING)......................................................... 32 CHAPTER 8 EXHIBIT FABRICATION GUIDE.......................................................................... 36 8.1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................... 36 8.2 EXHIBIT DESIGN DRAWINGS .................................................................................................. 36 8.3 EXITS ............................................................................................................................................ 38 8.4 FIRE-RATED CONSTRUCTION ................................................................................................. 40 8.5 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION ........................................................................................... 40 8.6 FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMS ............................................................................ 42 8.7 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ...................................................................................... 42 8.8 EMERGENCY LIGHTING ........................................................................................................... 43 8.9 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ......................................................................................... 43 8.10