Arctoa (2015) 24: 527-535 doi: 10.15298/arctoa.24.44 LIVERWORTS OF GLACIAL RELICT LAKES AND THEIR VICINITIES IN THE KOMI REPUBLIC ПЕЧЕНОЧНИКИ РЕЛИКТОВЫХ ОЗЕР И ИХ ОКРЕСТНОСТЕЙ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КОМИ MICHAEL V. D ULIN1 МИХАИЛ В. ДУЛИН1 Abstract The annotated list of liverworts from glacial relict lakes and their vicinities in the Komi Republic includes 81 species, two varieties, and one subspecies. Each species is provided with information on habitats, substrate, reproductive structures and associated species. The data of perennial studies have been summarized. Fossombronia foveolata has been found for the territory of the Komi Republic for the first time. Six rare species of liverworts included in the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic are reported (Cephalozia macounii, Harpanthus scutatus, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ascendens, Odontoschisma denudatum, Heterogemma laxa). The distribution and ecology data of five taxa being understudied in the region (Odontoschisma elongatum, Scapania apiculata, S. praetervisa, S. umbrosa, Tritomaria exsecta) are given. Резюме Приводится аннотированный список печеночников реликтовых озер и их окрестностей в Республике Коми, включающий 81 вид, один из которых представлен двумя подвидами, и две разновидности. В списке для каждого вида указаны местообитания, субстрат, наличие органов размножения и сопутствующие виды. Обобщены данные, полученные в результате многолетних исследований. Сообщается о находке нового для Республики Коми вида печеночников – Fossom- bronia foveolata. Отмечаются местонахождения шести редких видов, включенных в Красную книгу Республики Коми: Cephalozia macounii, Harpanthus scutatus, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ascendens, Odontoschisma denudatum, Heterogemma laxa. Приводятся данные по экологии и распространению пяти малоизвестных в регионе таксонов: Odontoschisma elongatum, Scapania apiculata, S. praetervisa, S. umbrosa, Tritomaria exsecta. KEYWORDS: liverworts, flora, rare species, glacial relict lakes, Komi Republic. INTRODUCTION being tributaries of the Vychegda River (62°45’N; Glacial relict lakes are remnants of ancient spacious 51°57’E; ca. 132 m a.s.l.). It was formed by impounded periglacial water-bodies. The biggest glacial relict lakes waters of the Mid-Pleistocene glacier. Vegetation cover on the territory of the Komi Republic are four lakes (the around the lake is dominated by wet Polytrichum and Yamozero Lake, the Sindorskoe Lake, the Donty Lake, Sphagnum spruce and mixed forests, as well as upper and the lake group of the Big Kadam) situated along the Sphagnum bogs. Timan Range, the north-eastern part of the East-Europe- The Donty (Donskoe) Lake and the Kadam Lakes (the an Plain (Table 1). Big Kadam, the Middle Kadam, and the Small Kadam) are The Yamozero Lake is located in the low part of the located at the north-western margin of the Vychegda River Timan Range between the Chetlasskii and the Chaitsyn- valley (61°34’N; 54°00’E; ca. 105 m a.s.l.). They are gla- skii Rocks (65°01’N; 50°14’E; ca. 212 m a.s.l.). It was cial relicts of a spacious near-glacial water-body resulted formed as a result of filling up by water of a deep cup- from impounding of the Vychegda River waters at the Mid- shaped hollow at retreat of the Mid-Pleistocene glacier. Pleistocene ice time. The vast low area around the lakes is The lake is surrounded by spacious low-level and transi- mesotrophic to oligotrophic Sphagnum bogs covered with tional wetlands. There are wet spruce, spruce-birch, and trees, dwarf shrubs. The neighboring sandy ranges are Pleu- seldom pine forest areas with Sphagnum and grass-sph- rozium–Hylocomium and Polytrichum and Sphagnum pine agnum vegetation. forests. The Sindor Lake (the Sindorskoe) occupies the wa- All the lakes apart from the Yamozero Lake belong tershed of the Vym River and the Vishera River basins to the area with moderate-continental climate, the At- 1 – Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre UrD RAS, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 528 M.V. DULIN spor. – sporophytes; fem. re. – female receptacle; m. re. – male receptacle), collection points (numbers follow Fig. 1), habitat, substrate, and accompanying species. The label is given fully for the new-found liverwort and for the species collected at the Yamozero Lake as every spe- cies of this difficult accessible region has only one spec- imen. Taxa included in the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic (2009) are marked by * and new species for the region are marked by **. The nomenclature of liverworts follows Konstantinova, Bakalin et al. (2009). All the col- lections are deposited in SYKO. Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort. (andr., per., spor.) – 3: On slight- ly matted soil of steep loamy road slope and in sandpit. In pure patches and with Cephaloziella rubella, Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis. Barbilophozia barbata (Schmidel ex Shreb.) Loeske – 2, 3, 4: On butts of trees (Betula), on decaying wood in wineberry- grass birch forest. On butts of trees (Betula) and on fine grained soil of turned out wood roots in cowberry-grass mixed forest. On sandy soil along bank of the Donty Lake. On the road edge soil and at the base of buildings in the Don Vil- lage. In pure patches and with Barbilophozia hatcheri, Ble- Fig. 1. The main collection sites around the glacial relict pharostoma trichophyllum, Calypogeia neesiana, Lepidozia lakes of the Komi Republic: 1. Yamozero Lake; 2. Sindor Lake; reptans, Lophozia silvicola, Lophoziopsis longidens, Ptilid- 3. Donty Lake; 4. Kadam Lakes. ium pulcherrimum. B. hatcheri (A.Evans) Loeske (gem., per.) – 2, 3, 4: On butts of lantic-continental forest climatic region, the north-east- trees (Betula, Pinus, Picea), on decaying wood, on fine grai- ern sub-region. According to the botanical-geographical ned soil of turned out wood roots and on trails in herbal-Sphag- zone division of the European part of Russia, the above num, Menyanthes–Sphagnum, large herb, shrublet-grass units are situated in the North-European taiga province mixed forests. On slightly matted sandy soil along bank of within the Eurasian taiga area. By the regional geobo- the Donty Lake and in waterside cowberry-greenmoss pine tanical zone division, they belong to the middle taiga forest. On butts of trees (Picea) in Oxalis-grass spruce-abies subzone. The Yamozero Lake belongs to the Atlantic- forest. In pure patches and with Blepharostoma trichophyl- lum, Cephalozia bicuspidata, C. lunulifolia, Chiloscyphus Arctic forest climatic region, the eastern sub-region; the polyanthos, Lepidozia reptans, Lophozia ventricosa s.l., Scapa- north taiga subzone (Teteryuk, 2012). nia irrigua, Plagiochila porelloides and 5 other species. MATERIALS AND METHODS B. lycopodioides (Wallr.) Loeske (per.) – 3: On butts of trees Field work was conducted in 1999 (Donty Lake, 34 (Sorbus) in fern-grass spruce forest and on soil in Oxalis- localities / 212 specimens), 2000 (Sindor Lake, 15 / 538, grass spruce-abies forest. In pure patches. Kadam Lakes – 9 / 98, Donty Lake – 4 / 41). Two speci- Blasia pusilla L. (gem.) – 2, 4: On slightly matted soil of rail- road slope. On soil in hollows, on decaying wood, on trails mens collected by B.Yu. Teteryuk in 2006 at the Yamoz- soil in herbal-Sphagnum birch forest. On trails soil in cow- ero Lake and in 2008 at the Sindor Lake were also iden- berry-grass mixed forest. In pure patches and with Calypo- tified. Totally 890 specimens from 64 floristic descrip- geia integristipula, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Marchantia tions were studied. Collections were done along lake polymorpha subsp. ruderalis, P. neesiana, Scapania curta, shores and their vicinities, at 2-5 km from lakes, cover- Scapania irrigua and 4 other species. ing all habitat types. Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dumort. (per., spor.) – 2, 3, 4: On decaying wood, on butts of trees (Betula, Pinus, Pi- SPECIES LIST cea), on soil, on fine grained soil of turned out wood roots in Species in the list are annotated by the presence of grass, herbal-Sphagnum, Menyanthes-Sphagnum, large herb, reproductive structures (gem. – gemmae; per. – perianthia sphagnous and shrublet-greenmoss mixed, pine and birch or pseudoperianthia; andr. – androecia; gyn. – gynoecia; forests. On soil, on decaying wood along bank of the Sindor Table 1. The main parametric data of glacial relict lakes. Lakes Yamozero Sindor Donty B. Kadam M. Kadam S. Kadam Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Length, km 6.5 12.0 18.0 3.0 0.7 0.3 Width, km 6.2 3.0 0.2 2.5 0.9 0.2 Water area, km2 31.0 28.4 4.6 3.5 0.5 0,05 Prevailing depths, m 1.0-1.2 1.0-1.5 1.2-1.5 1.0-1.5 1.0-1.5 1.0-1.5 Liverworts of glacial relict lakes and their vicinities in the Komi Republic 529 Lake and on slightly matted soil along bank of the Ugum whortleberry-Sphagnum pine forest. With Blepharostoma River. On decaying wood, on butts of trees (Betula, Picea, trichophyllum, Cephalozia lunulifolia, Lepidozia reptans, Sorbus) in fen-grass spruce forest. On butts of trees (Pinus) Crossocalyx hellerianus, Lophozia guttulata, Riccardia lat- on oligotrophic sphagnous mire afforested by low birch and ifrons, Scapania mucronata and 6 other species. dwarf birch. In pure patches and with C. lunulifolia, Caly- Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dumort. (andr., per., spor.) – 2, 3, pogeia integristipula, Lepidozia reptans, Lophocolea het- 4: On decaying wood, on butts of trees (Betula, Picea), on erophylla, L. ventricosa s.l., Lophoziopsis longidens, Ptil- fine grained soil of turned out wood roots, on slightly matted idium pulcherrimum and 30 other species. soil, on trails soil in herbal-Sphagnum, Menyanthes-Sphag- Calypogeia cf. azurea Stotler & Crotz (gem.) – 2: On fine num, sphagnous, greenmoss, shrublet-greenmoss, grass, large grained soil of turned out wood roots in blueberry-green- herb mixed, pine, birch forests. On slightly matted soil of moss pine forest and on decaying wood in wineberry-grass forest roads. On soil, on decaying wood on the banks of lakes birch forest.