Rehema Baguma & John Sören Pettersson (eds.) | M4D 2018, 15-16 November 2018, Kampala, Uganda | (eds.) | M4D 2018, 15-16 November Sören Pettersson Baguma & John Rehema Proceedings of the 6th International Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on M4D Mobile Conference on M4D Mobile Communication Technology for Development Communication Technology M4D 2018, 15-16 November 2018 for Development Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda M4D 2018, 15-16 November 2018, Kampala, Uganda Rehema Baguma & John Sören Pettersson (eds.) Information Systems 2018:47 ISBN 978-91-7063-886-2 (print) ISBN 978-91-7063-981-4 (pdf) ISSN 1403-8099 Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Karlstad University Studies | 2018:47 Karlstad University Studies | 2018:47 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on M4D Mobile Communication Technology for Development M4D 2018, 15-16 November 2018, Kampala, Uganda Rehema Baguma & John Sören Pettersson (eds.) Information Systems Karlstad University Studies | 2018:47 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on M4D Mobile Communication Technology for Development — M4D 2018, 15-16 November 2018, Kampala, Uganda Rehema Baguma & John Sören Pettersson (eds.) REPORT Karlstad University Studies | 2018:47 urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-69759 ISSN 1403-8099 ISBN 978-91-7063-886-2 (print) ISBN 978-91-7063-981-4 (pdf) © The editors Distribution: Karlstad University Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Karlstad Business School SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden +46 54 700 10 00 Print: Universitetstryckeriet, Karlstad 2018 WWW.KAU.SE Foreword The M4D conference series is this year returning to Kampala in Uganda. It is a pleasure for Makerere University to once again act as the local host, and it is a pleasure for Karlstad University to see the continuous engagement of friends from all over the world. The last conference, held in Maputo at the Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, ended with a panel on The Future of M4D. Despite a market drive to push mobile communication towards the Internet, the participants at the conference recognised that there is still a need for ICT conferences that focus on affordable information and communication technologies, and then the material means will be in focus. The mobile phone, whether conduit for voice, text, web pages or FM radio programmes, will be of special interest for under-served regions. At the last conference we also noted the number of systematic literature reviews. This year too some papers draw on the academic databases as a source for deriving meta information about our field of study. While this method consolidates the research made, it also presents some problems for terse conference papers when the bibliography lists several pages of references. Possibly, it is time for a new category at M4D conferences, to make room for more extensive literature reviews. For it is not only academic databases that should be searched. There are many valuable reports from donor organisations as well as national and international bodies. Interestingly, this year we have contributions making a point that they are outside the traditional or ordinary e- and m- fields, i.e. eGov, eLearning, eHealth, eBusiness, and their m- equivalents, to mention the most frequently recurring topics. Instead, the case for waste management and water supply as important areas is argued. Such utilities – and mobile-based services in connection to these – are present in many development schemes, but the literature reviews reveal a lack of such topics in the ICT4D/M4D literature. Perhaps a phone call to report leakage is not thought of as ICTish enough, but without the possibility to quickly report at all, damage will be so much greater. Moreover, some presentations at this conference show that many more additional services can be provided when the utility provider has recognised the availability of customers through the mobile network. An often neglected area is accessibility in the sense of access to services by persons who do not have fully functional hearing, vision and motor functions. A workshop on mobile accessibility is offered to all participants at the conference by devoted people from universities in Pune, India. This is a very valuable contribution to the M4D 2018 program. Finally, we would like to recognise the support from several sources for this year’s event. At Makerere, several staff members have spent many hours preparing the conference and its web site. SPIDER (The Swedish Program for ICT in Developing Regions) supports the conference financially, and IPID (International Network for Post-graduate Students in the area of ICT4D) have organised the Post-graduate Workshop the day before the conference and awarded travel grants for some of the participants. Karlstad University and its Information Systems group at the Karlstad Business School has covered the cost of the conference proceedings. Rehema Baguma John Sören Pettersson Makerere University Karlstad University M4D 2018 Conference Organisation Steering Committee Tonny Oyana, Makerere University, Uganda John Sören Pettersson, Karlstad University, Sweden Conference Committee Conference Chair: Gilbert Maiga, Makerere University Local Organizing Chair: Rehema Baguma, Makerere University Fiona Ssozi, Makerere University Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe, Stockholm University, Sweden David Cheruiyot, Karlstad University, Sweden Hasifa Namatovu, Makerere University Elin Nilsson (assist. editor), Karlstad University, Sweden Emmanuel Eilu, Uganda Christian University Irene Arinaitwe, Makerere University Lillian Ndagire, Makerere University Charles Funa, Makerere University Raymond Sekyewa (web support), Makerere University Shirley Gladys, Makerere University Linda Wandira, Makerere University Pearl Arinda, Makerere University Reviewers Annabella Habinak Ejiri, St Augustine International University, Uganda Bo Andersson, Lund University, Sweden Caroline Wamala Larsson, Stockholm University, Sweden David Cheruiyot, Karlstad University, Sweden Diarmuid O'Briain, etLabs!UG Research Centre, Makerere University, Uganda Emmanuel Eilu, Uganda Christian University, Uganda Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe, Stockholm University, Sweden Fiona Ssozi, Makerere University, Uganda Ganesh Bhutkar, VIT, Pune, India Hasifa Namatovu, Makerere University, Uganda Henrik Andersson, Karlstad University, Sweden Jean-Paul Van Belle, University of Cape Town, South Africa John Traxler, University of Wolverhampton, UK John Sören Pettersson, Karlstad University, Sweden Jude Mukundane, Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, Portugal Judy Van Biljon, University of South Africa, South Africa Malin Wik, Karlstad University, Sweden Rehema Baguma, Makerere University, Uganda Solange Mukamurenzi, Orebro University, Sweden Table of Content Keynote Speeches Abstracts Open API and Mobile Money – a view from MTN-Uganda .................................................... 3 E. Muzzolini Supporting Life Research Project - Lessons Learned from the field ........................................ 4 B. Andersson Research Papers Reflections on the Maturity of the Mobile Communication Technology for Development (M4D) Landscape: 2008-2016 .................................................................................................. 7 J. van Biljon and K. Renaud Uncharted Academic Waters: A Case for mUtilities (Energy, Water and Sanitation)............ 19 M. Egessa, S. Liyala and S. Ogara Framing M4D in the Water Sector: Examining Effects of Mobile Technology Initiatives .... 31 M. Chemisto and G. Amoako Role of Mobile Phones in Encouraging Public Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Management ............................................................................................................................ 44 I. Arinaitwe, E. Eilu, G. Maiga and A. Nakakawa Use of mobile technologies in monitoring delivery of public health services in Uganda ....... 56 F. Mutungi and R. Baguma Mobile Money at the Intersection of mInclusion and mLivelihoods: The Rural User Experience in Kasese Uganda .................................................................................................................... 70 J. Kuttainen Diminished parallels: Avoiding peripheralization in ICT4D settings ..................................... 79 J. Mukundane A mobile artefact for collecting and availing indigenous knowledge to farmers for food security enhancement ............................................................................................................................ 87 R. Tweheyo, J. Lubega and R. Baguma A Proposal for a USSD Name Service (UNS) to Scale USSD Applications ........................ 100 D. Mwesigwa Building A Low Cost Obstetric Equipment and Supplies Prediction System Using Modern Mobile Web Technologies .................................................................................................... 109 N. Mungujakisa, B. F. Kiyengo and D. Ssemanda Mobile Devices, Applications and Internet use in Zimbabwe Healthcare ............................ 119 M. Zhou, M. Herselman and A. Coleman Design Theory for a Persuasive Mobile Application: A Case of Increasing Willingness to Participate in Reducing Theft of Electricity in Kampala ...................................................... 131 R. Mbabazi-Mutebi, J. Sansa-Otim, R. Baguma The Impact of Smart Phones on the Students’ Learning Experience in Higher Education Institutions in South Africa ................................................................................................... 141 R. Kyobe and J.-P. van Belle Factors Influencing the Use of Mobile