Ndumo Game Reserve KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Integrated Management Plan: 2009-2013 Reviewed and edited by EKZNW Management Planning Co-ordination Unit Based on the original Integrated Management Plan (2007 - 2012) Compiled by Terratest (Pty) Ltd and MCDS Cover design by Di Martin Design Studio, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Citation Ndumo Game Reserve: Integrated Management Plan: 2009–2013, Version 1.0. (2009). Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Pietermaritzburg, 106 pp. and 7 maps (4 x A4, 3 x A3). _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I Ndumo Game Reserve - Integrated Management Plan: 2009 to 2013 (Version 1.0) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I Ndumo Game Reserve - Integrated Management Plan: 2009 to 2013 (Version 1.0) TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHORISATION.........................................................................................................................................II TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................................III LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................................................VI LIST OF MAPS.............................................................................................................................................VI LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................................................................VI PREFACE...................................................................................................................................................VII PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLANNING PROCESS FRAMEWORK...........................................VIII DEFINITIONS................................................................................................................................................X ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................................................................XIII COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS FOR SPECIFIC STATUTES (LEGISLATION)...............................XIV 1 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF NDUMO GAME RESERVE..........................................................1 1.1 PURPOSE.......................................................................................................................................1 1.2 SIGNIFICANCE.................................................................................................................................1 2 ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK...................................................................................3 2.1 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .......................................................................................................3 2.1.1 NGR Management Authority......................................................................................................3 2.1.2 Land Tenure and Land Claims...................................................................................................3 2.1.3 Co-management Agreements....................................................................................................3 2.1.4 Separation of Authority Functions..............................................................................................4 2.2 LEGISLATION GUIDING THE ADMINISTRATION OF NDUMO GAME RESERVE.............................................4 2.3 REGIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT AND PRINCIPLES................................................................................6 2.4 PROCLAMATION STATUS OF NGR.....................................................................................................9 2.4.1 Uncertainty on International Boundary.......................................................................................9 2.5 LOCAL AGREEMENTS, LEASES, SERVITUDE ARRANGEMENTS AND MOUS ............................................10 2.5.1 Banzi Camp Concession.........................................................................................................10 2.5.2 Tshwane University of Technology (Technikon Pretoria)..........................................................11 2.6 BROADENING CONSERVATION LAND USE MANAGEMENT IN AREAS SURROUNDING NGR......................11 2.7 ESTABLISHMENT OF A TRANSFRONTIER PARK ..................................................................................15 3 BACKGROUND..................................................................................................................................15 3.1 ORIGIN OF THE NAME OF THE GAME RESERVE .................................................................................15 3.2 LOCATION AND EXTENT OF THE GAME RESERVE ..............................................................................15 3.3 PREVIOUS LAND USE ....................................................................................................................16 3.4 CONSERVATION HISTORY OF THE GAME RESERVE ...........................................................................16 3.5 CLIMATE AND WEATHER ................................................................................................................18 3.6 TOPOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY AND SOILS...............................................................................................18 3.7 HYDROLOGY.................................................................................................................................19 3.8 VEGETATION ................................................................................................................................21 3.9 ANIMALS ......................................................................................................................................23 3.9.1 Invertebrates...........................................................................................................................23 3.9.2 Fish.........................................................................................................................................24 3.9.3 Herpetofauna (Reptiles and Amphibians)................................................................................24 3.9.4 Avifauna (Birds).......................................................................................................................25 3.9.5 Mammals................................................................................................................................26 3.10 CULTURAL HERITAGE ....................................................................................................................28 3.11 SOCIO-CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE AREA........................................................................................29 3.12 SOCIO- ECONOMIC CONTEXT ........................................................................................................30 3.13 DEVELOPED INFRASTRUCTURE.......................................................................................................31 3.13.1 Eco-cultural Tourism Infrastructure......................................................................................31 3.13.2 Management Infrastructure.................................................................................................31 3.13.3 Bulk Infrastructure:..............................................................................................................33 3.13.4 Conservation Infrastructure.................................................................................................33 3.13.5 Water Supply Infrastructure.................................................................................................33 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ III Ndumo Game Reserve - Integrated Management Plan: 2009 to 2013 (Version 1.0) 3.13.6 Infrastructure Owned / Maintained by outside Organisations................................................33 4 VISION, MISSION, MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND CONSERVATION TARGETS......................34 4.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................34 4.2 STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION .......................................................................................................34 4.3 VISION .........................................................................................................................................35 4.4 MISSION ......................................................................................................................................35 4.5 MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................36 4.6 CONSERVATION TARGETS..............................................................................................................37 5 ZONATION..........................................................................................................................................38 5.1 DEVELOPMENT ZONE ....................................................................................................................38 5.2 TERRESTRIAL NATURAL ZONE ........................................................................................................40 5.2.1 Medium intensity utilisation......................................................................................................40