https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19940018555 2020-06-16T15:54:43+00:00Z PROPULSION ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER [! - -- - - n I [I 1993 ANNUAL REPORT VOLUME II 0 NOVEMBER, 1993 [I oio P4 m3mm 50 - - R - - -- A UNIVERSITY SPACE ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FIFTH AMNUAL SYMPOSIUM SEPTEMBER 8-9: 1993 106 RESEARCH BUILDING EAST rloweu rn kZX m *w3- UNIVERSITY PARK, PENNSYLVANIA 16801 OI AC 4zom NASA PROPULSION ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 1993 VOLUME II FIFIH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM SEPTEMBER &9,1993 THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY PARK, PA THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY PARK, PA WBLE OF CONTENTS Sumary.. ......................................................................................................................... Technical Program............................................................................................................ by Image Deconvolution .................................................................................................. Small Rocket Flowfield Diagnostic Chambers................................................................. A Theoretical Evaluation of Aluminum Gel Propellant Two-Phase Flow Losses on Vehicle Performance................................................................................................... Laser Diagnostics for Small Rockets................................................................................ CFD Analyses of Combustor and Nozzle Flowfields....................................................... LOX Droplet Vaporization in a Supercritical Forced Convective Environment.....-.-.---. Evaporation. and Combustion. of LOX Under Supercritical and Subcnhcal ConQQons................................................................................................ Droplet Turbulence Interactions Under Subcritical and Supercritical Conditions. .......... SSME Fuel Preburner Injector Chamcterization.............................................................. Small Rocket Research and Technology.......................................................................... Fundamental Rocket InjectorISpray Programs at the Phillips Laboratory....................... An Experimental Study of Characteristic Combustion-Driven Flows for CF.D Validation .......................................................................................................... Numerical Parametric Studies of Spray Combustion Instabilities................................... Spray Formation hcesses of Impinging Jet Injectors.................................................... Inherent Stability of Central Element Coaxial Liquid-Liquid Injectors... ........................ Axisymmetric Single Shear Element Combustion Instability Experiment...................... Development of a. Droplet. Breakup Model Considering Aerodynamic and Droplet Colllslon Effects........................................................................................... Development of a Computational. Testbed for Numerical Simulation of Combustion Instablhty................................................................................................. Shear Coaxial Injector Instability ~echanisms................................................................ TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Numerical Investigation of Two- and Three-Dimensional Heat Transfer in Expander Cycle Engines.............................................................................................. 97 I/'' Flow Visualization Study in High Aspect Ratio Cooling Channels for Rocket Engines........................................................................................................... CFD Analyses of Coolant Channel Flowfields ................................................................ Heat Transfer in Rocket Combustion Chambers.............................................................. Advanced Materials for Radiation-Cooled Rockets......................................................... Molecular Gas Dynamics Applied to ow-Thrust Propulsion......................................... CFD Applications in Rocket Propulsion Analysis and Design........................................ Efficiency and Reliability Enhancements in Propulsion Flowfield Modeling................. Computation of Propulsion-Related Fl~~eldsUsing Unstt-uctured Adaptive Meshes......................................................................................... Dual-Bell Altitude Compensating Nozzles...................................................................... Foil Bearing Research at Perm State................................................................................. Two Stage Turbine for Rockets........................................................................................ Computational Fluid Dynamic Modelling of Cavitation.................................... .. ........ A Technique to Measure Rotordynamic Coefficients in Hydrostatic Bearings............... Computation of Flows in a Turn-Around Duct and a Turbine Cascade Using Advanced Turbulence Models............................................................................... Brush Seals for Cryogenic Applications........................................................................... Reliability Enhancement of Navier-Stokes Codes Through Convergence Enhancement.............................................................................................. Optimization of Energy Transfer in Microwave Electrothermal Thrusters...................... CFD Modeling of Microwave Electrothermal +Thrusters .................................................. Advanced Space Propulsion Concepts............................................................................. Advanced Nuclear nemdtlopulsion Concepts............................................................ An Anti-Roton mver for ECF I)hopuision ...................................................................... SUMMARY On September 8-9, 1993, the Propulsion Engineering Research Center at The Pennsylvania State University held its Fifth Annual Symposium at the Penn State campus in University Park, PA. The Propulsion Engineering Research Center was initiated in 1988 by a grant from the NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology as a part of the University Space Engineering Research Center (USERC) program; the purpose of the USERC program is to replenish and enhance the capabilities of our Nation's engineering community to meet its future space technology needs. These Centers are designed to advance the state-of-the-art in key space- related engineering disciplines and to promote and support engineering education for the next generation of engineers for the national space program and related commercial space endeavors. A broadly-based research program in propulsion has been established at the Center, with over 100 students, faculty and staff working on research related to the areas of liquid, solid, and hybrid chemical propulsion, nuclear propulsion, electrical propulsion, and advanced propulsion concepts. An important means of interaction with the propulsion community is our Annual Symposium. At this year's Symposium, 43 papers on propulsion science were presented by representatives from industry, government laboratories, and academia. Twenty-two of the 43 papers were presented by students and faculty of the Propulsion Engineering Research Center. This volume contains abstracts of the work presented at the Symposium. Propulsion Engineering Research Center Fifth Annual Symposium The Pennsylvania State University University Bark, Pennsylvania September 8-9, $993 Wednesday Morning, September 8 5th Floor Keller Conference Center 7:45 - 8:30 Registration Room 506 Keller Conference Center 8:30 - 8:45 Welcome and Introductory Remarks - C.L. Merkle, Director, Propulsion Engineering Research Center Steadv State Combustion and Performance 1 Chaired by D. Talley, Phillips Laboratory 8:45 - 9: 10 Measurement of Intact-Core Length of Atomizing Liquid Jets by Image Deconvolution - R. Woodward, R. Burch, F.-B. Cheung, and K. Kuo, PSU 9:lO - 9:35 Small Rocket Flowfield Diagnostic Chambers - B. Reed and S. Morren, LRwis Research Center 9:35 - 10:OO A Theoretical Evaluation of Aluminum Gel Propellant Two-Phase Flow Losses on Vehicle Performance - D. Mueller and S. Turns, PSU 10:OO - 10:25 Dual-Bell Altitude Compensating Nozzles - S. Fisher and M. Horn, Rocketdyne 10:25 - 10:45 Break 10:45 - 11:lO Laser Diagnostics for Small Rockets - F. Zupanc and W. deGroot, Lewis Research Center 11:lO - 11:35 CFD Analyses of Combustor and Nozzle Flowfields - H.-H. Tsuei and C. Merkle, PSU 11:35 - 12:OO Computation of Propulsion-Related Flowfields Using Unstructured Adaptive Meshes - J. Weiss and J. Murphy, Fluent, Znc. Room 507 Keller Conference Center Advanced Space Propulsion Concepts Chaired by M. Micci, PSU 8:45 - 9:10 Optimization of Energy Transfer in Microwave Electrothermal Thrusters - D. Sullivan and M. Micci, PSU 9:lO - 9:35 CFD Modeling of Microwave Electrothermal Thrusters - D. Schwer, S. Venkateswaran, and C. Merkle, PSU 10:OO - 10:25 Advanced Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Concepts - S. Howe, Los Alamos National Laboratory 10:25 - la45 Break la45 - 11:lO An Anti-Proton Driver for ICF Propulsion - G. Smith, P.-R. Chiang, R. Lewis, C. Gaze, K. Higman, R. Newton, M. Chiaverini, J. Dailey, M. Surratt, W. Werthman, P. Cracraf, and S. Chakrabarti, PSU 11: 10 - 11:35 Performance Assessment of Low Pressure Nuclear Thermal Propulsion - H. Gerrish and G. Doughty, Marshall Space Flight Center i i:35 - 12:W Nuclear