WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Weather • Climate • Water WORLD WEATHER WATCH TWENTY-SECOND STATUS REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION 2005 TWENTY-SECOND STATUS REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION REPORT STATUS TWENTY-SECOND WMO-No. 986 — WWW WMO-No. 986 Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization – Geneva – Switzerland WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Weather • Climate • Water WORLD WEATHER WATCH TWENTY-SECOND STATUS REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION 2005 WMO-No. 986 Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization – Geneva – Switzerland © 2005, World Meteorological Organization ISBN 92-63-10986-9 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. C O N T E N T S Page FOREWORD............................................................................................................................................................... v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER I — INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose and scope of the WWW Programme .......................................................................................................... 3 Components of the WWW system ........................................................................................................................... 3 Organization of WWW programmes........................................................................................................................ 3 Relationship of WWW with other programmes....................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II — THE GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM ................................................................................... 5 Requirements for observational data ........................................................................................................................ 5 Implementation of the surface-based subsystem...................................................................................................... 5 Surface synoptic observations.............................................................................................................................. 5 Upper-air observations......................................................................................................................................... 6 Climatological observations ................................................................................................................................ 9 Marine meteorological observations.................................................................................................................... 9 Aircraft meteorological observations................................................................................................................... 11 Other observation stations/systems...................................................................................................................... 12 The space-based subsystem...................................................................................................................................... 12 Implementation goals for satellite receivers ............................................................................................................. 13 Quality of observational data.................................................................................................................................... 13 Upper-air data quality .......................................................................................................................................... 13 Land-surface data quality..................................................................................................................................... 13 Marine surface data quality.................................................................................................................................. 14 AMDAR data quality........................................................................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER III — THE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND WWW DATA MANAGEMENT: INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES...................................................................... 18 Global Telecommunication System.......................................................................................................................... 18 Main Telecommunication Network .......................................................................................................................... 18 Improved MTM project ............................................................................................................................................ 18 Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Networks ......................................................................................... 18 Region I................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Region II .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Region III............................................................................................................................................................. 19 iv CONTENTS Region IV............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Region V.............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Region VI............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Multipoint telecommunication services via satellite and radiobroadcasts ............................................................... 26 Data-communication techniques and procedures..................................................................................................... 26 World Weather Watch data management.................................................................................................................. 26 Metadata standards ................................................................................................................................................... 27 Data representation and codes .................................................................................................................................. 27 Table-driven code forms ........................................................................................................................................... 27 WWW operation monitoring procedures ................................................................................................................. 27 Radio frequencies for meteorological activities ....................................................................................................... 27 CHAPTER IV — THE GLOBAL DATA-PROCESSING AND FORECASTING SYSTEM........................... 29 RSMCs with geographical specialization................................................................................................................. 29 RSMCs with activity specialization ......................................................................................................................... 29 Medium-range weather forecasting.......................................................................................................................... 29 Tropical cyclone forecasting..................................................................................................................................... 30 Provision of atmospheric transport model products for environmental emergency response activities..................................................................................................................................................... 33 NMCs and centres with similar functions ................................................................................................................ 33 Verification of numerical weather prediction ........................................................................................................... 33 Technical development at GDPFS centres................................................................................................................ 35 CHAPTER V — STATUS OF THE AVAILABILTY OF OBSERVATIONAL DATA FROM WWW ............. 37 Results of the analysis .............................................................................................................................................. 37 Analysis of the availability of SYNOP reports .......................................................................................................... 41 Analysis of the availability of Part A of TEMP reports ............................................................................................