THE FOURTH MALAYSIA PLAN (FMP) (RANCANGAN MALAYSIA KE-4, RME) 1981-1985 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER 01 : POLICY OBJECTIVES AND FRAMEWORK........................................................................... 6 I : INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 6 II : BACKGROUND TO THE NEP .................................................................................................. 6 III : ECONOMIC POLICIES AND STRATEGIES............................................................................. 7 CHAPTER 02 : THE GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF THE MALAYSIAN ECONOMY.................................. 13 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 13 II : STATE OF THE ECONOMY IN 1970....................................................................................... 13 III : STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION, 1971-80............................................................................ 14 IV : SOURCES OF GROWTH........................................................................................................ 20 V : TERMS OF TRADE AND CHANGES IN REAL INCOMES....................................................... 25 VI : SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT................................................................................................ 26 VII : BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ................................................................................................... 27 VIII : PRICE DEVELOPMENT...................................................................................................... 28 IX : CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 29 CHAPTER 03 : PROGRESS OF THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY ................................................................. 30 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 30 II : ERADICATION OF POVERTY ................................................................................................ 30 III : RESTRUCTURING OF SOCIETY........................................................................................... 40 IV : CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 48 CHAPTER 04 : THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES................................................................ 50 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 50 II : GROWTH OF POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE............................................................. 50 III : POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND URBANIZATION......................................................... 52 IV : THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION, 1970 ................................................................................ 53 V : EMPLOYMENT GROWTH ...................................................................................................... 54 VI : LABOUR UTILIZATION......................................................................................................... 56 VII : OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT ........................................................... 58 VIII : SUPPLY OF TRAINED MANPOWER .................................................................................. 60 IX : CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 62 CHAPTER 05 : REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................. 63 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 63 II : REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH........................................................................................ 63 III : CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 70 CHAPTER 06 : PUBLIC SECTOR PROGRAMME AND ITS FINANCING...................................................... 71 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 71 II : DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE........................................................................................... 71 III : PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE .................................................................. 72 IV : FINANCING OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR PROGRAMME ....................................................... 74 CHAPTER 07 : THE PRIVATE SECTOR: ITS ROLE IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ............ 77 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 77 II : OVERALL GROWTH IN PRIVATE INVESTMENT................................................................... 77 III : SECTORAL COMPOSITION OF PRIVATE INVESTMENT..................................................... 78 IV : PRIVATE SECTOR CONTRIBUTION TO NEP....................................................................... 80 V : PRIVATE INVESTMENT AND ITS FINANCING...................................................................... 82 2 VI : POLICIES FOR PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT ........................................................... 83 VII : ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGISLATIVE MEASURES ........................................................... 86 VIII : PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR COOPERATION..................................................................... 86 CHAPTER 08 : NATION BUILDING AND NATIONAL UNITY .................................................................... 87 I : INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 87 II : POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK.............................................................. 87 III : ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK................................................................................................... 88 IV : SOCIO-CULTURAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................... 90 V : INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND NATION BUILDING ..................................................... 92 VI : SECURITY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................... 93 VII : CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................... 94 CHAPTER 09 : PROSPECTS AND STRATEGIES FOR THE EIGHTIES......................................................... 95 II : OUTLOOK FOR WORLD ECONOMIC SITUATION............................................................... 95 III : MACRO ECONOMIC STRATEGIES ...................................................................................... 96 IV : PROSPECTS FOR GROWTH ................................................................................................. 97 V : SECTORAL STRATEGIES ....................................................................................................... 99 VI : PRICES AND WAGES.......................................................................................................... 104 VII : TOWARDS FULL EMPLOYMENT ...................................................................................... 105 VIII : STRATEGIES FOR ERADICATION OF POVERTY............................................................ 106 IX : STRATEGIES FOR RESTRUCTURING OF SOCIETY .......................................................... 108 X : REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT................................................................................................ 110 XI : NATIONAL SECURITY......................................................................................................... 114 CHAPTER 10 : ORGANIZING FOR DEVELOPMENT................................................................................ 116 I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 116 II : BETTER PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION CAPACITY................................................. 116 III : PRODUCTIVITY AND TRAINING ....................................................................................... 117 IV : ORGANIZING FOR EXPORTS............................................................................................. 119 V : APPLICATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.............................................................. 120 VI : PARTICIPATION BY THE PEOPLE..................................................................................... 121 CHAPTER 11 : MACRO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK................................................................................ 123 I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 123 II : PROSPECTS OF GROWTH................................................................................................... 123 III : GROWTH OF AGGREGATE OUTPUT AND INCOME .......................................................