Second Revision RECOVERY PLAN Published by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Portland, Oregon .cur-UI (Chasmista cujus) Second Revision RECOVERY PLAN Original Approved: Jnnunry 23, 1978 First Update Approvrd: May 8, 1980 Fvst Revision Approvd. Noven~her2, 1983 hy The Cui-ui- Reeuvwy Tam fur ~e&n1 U.S. Fsh und Wildlife Service Portlnnd, Oregon DISCLAIMER PAGE Recovery plans delineate nasonable actions which are believed to be requind to recover andlor protect listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and W~ldlifeService (Ma), sometimes prepared with the eceof teams, contractors, State agencies, and others. Objectives will be -3attain and any necessary huh made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address 'orities. Recwery plans do not nedyrepresent the views nor the o cia1 positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in the plan formulation, otha than the Service Q& aAer they have bear signed by the Regional Dior Director as w.Approved ncovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks. --: --: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Cui-ui aRecovery Plan. Second revision. Portland, Oregon. 47pp. Fish and Wildlife Reference Service: 5430 Grosvenor Lane, Suite 110 Bethesda, Maryland 20814 301/492-6403 The fees for Plans vary depending on the number of pages of the Plan. RECOVERY TEAM This recovery plan was prepared by the C,ui-ui Recovery Team: Tom SW,Team Leads US. Bureau of Indi Affain Carson City, Nevada Jamu J. Coopa Nevada Division of Environmental Protection Canon City, Nevada Jim Cunan Nevada Dcmrtment of Widlife W. L. Minckley Arizona State University Tempe, An'uMa G. Gary U.S. Fish and Reno, Nevada Gary Vinyard University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada Paul Wagner Pyramid Lake Fisheries Sutcliffe, Nevada ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Cui-ui Recovery Team is grateful to: Bob Young, U.S. Burmu of Reclamabion - Sacramento, California, and Don Frevat, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation - Denver, Colorado for their assistvlce in developing com$utcr modeling techniques and garcrating the myriad stochastic data which fonned the basis for this plan; John Emlen, U.S. Fish and Wddlife Service - Seaale, Washington, for assisthg in developing the analytical intapreting the stochastic data in term encoCOur;ig~~tand guidana during plan development; and Chester Buchanan, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Reno, Nevada, for assisting in developin the analytical approach used in the plan, preparing and mriewing sections o!the plan, and dedicated liaison throughout the development of the Cui-ui Recovery Plan. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE RECOVERY PLAN FOR CUI-UI This species is listed as endangered. The only population exists in Pyramid Lab, western Nevada. Cui-ui was extirpated from adjacent LaLe Winemucca which .dried up in the 19%. Habitat. .. Cui-ui inhabits Pyramid Lake. Adults enter the lower river to spawn in Spring. Access to spawning habitat . is restricted by attraction flows, a delta at the river mouth, and Marble Bluff Dam. Spawnmg and development of eggs and larvae are affected by water depth, velocity, temperature and quality, and availability and constancy of substrates. Spawning and rearing factors are functions of lower Truckee River runoff which is controlled by upstream storage, diversion and consumption, and by point and non-point source discharges. Stampede Reservoir is the only facility in the basin currently dedicated to store water for cui-ui. Criteria: Cui-ui will be considd for delisting when it is demonstrated that: 1. The species has a probability of at least 0.95 of persisting f~r200 ears; 2. Additional annual Truckee River inflow to -id hke of 65.00dlacre- feet or the equivalent benefit beyond the amount required for reclassification (equivalent to 110,000 acre-feet) has been secured at a minimum rate of 5,000 acre-feetlyear; 3. Estimated numbers of adult cui-u and year classes of juveniles and adults have been stable or increasing during the previous 15 years; 4. Lake and river water quality standards have been achieved during the previous 15 years (see Appendix Table A-1); 5. The lower Truck River floodplain has been rehabilitated; 6. Marble Bluff Fish Facility and Numana Dam Fish Ladder have been modified to pass upstream at least 300,000 adult cui-ui during a spawning run; 7. Maintenance and operation of various water storage and fish passage facilities for cui-ui have been secured, and 8. A hatchery refuge for brood stock has been established to prom against catastrophic events. Cui-ui will be considered for reclassification from endangered to threatened when it is demonstrated that: 1. The species has a probability of at least 0.85 of persisting for 200 ears; 2. Additional annual Truckee River inflow to midLake of 45,aadlacre- feet or the equivalent benefit have been secured at a minimum rate of 5,000 acre-feetlyear; and 3. Estimated numbers of adult cui-ui and year classes of juveniles and adults has been stable or increasing during the previous 15 years. iii Need - ?-kiui spawning and reating habitat by increasing inflow to Pyramid Lake, rehabilitating floodplain, achieving water quality standards, and improving fish passage. 2. Conduct research to collect new information to refine cui-ui model. 3. Use cui-ui model to evaluate benefits of consemation measures. 4. Manage mi4spawning runs. 5. Protect mi4population fmm extinction. (in $l,(I00s, exclusive of tasks authorized by P.L. 101-618 for whidi appropriations have not kcn sewed) of R Delisting could be initiated in 2016 if mvery criteria be~nF PREFACE The Regional Dinctor, Region 1, U.S. Fish and Wildlife S~MCC,Portland, Oregon mstablished the Cui-ui Rawvery Team in March 1989. Its mission was to update or revise the Cui-ui Recovery Plan. The Team decided that the pian needed extensive revision after revimng recently collected biological, chemical and hyddogical data, and the requirements of the Endangered Species Act as amended in 1988. The Team's Asion (second) offers a quantifiable recovery objective (based upon probabilistic analysis of simulated cui-ui response to various hydrologic conditions) with site-specific tasks which, if implemented, are expected to achieve recovery (i.e., eventual delisting) of cui-ui. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................... ii EXEcuTzyE SUMMARY OF TEE RECOVERY PLAN FOR CUI-UI .......... iii PREFACE ................................................ V ... ~~~OF~GURES.........................................."U L ~ODUCIION....................................... 1 A. DBcriptloa ....................................... 1 0 B. Diebibutiw ....................................... 1 1. mmiai ............................... 1 2. Recent ................................. 3 3. C& ................................ 3 C. LifeHbq and Habitat ............................... 3 1. Lohwtat .............................. 3 2. RiraHabitat ............................. S 3. Habitat ........................... 6 4. Spmnirp ............................... 6 S. Fdty ................................ 7 6. Growth, Surrimland.................~ 7 7. poprl.tiwSii ............................ 8 & Food .................................. 8 9. Gmetia ................................ 8 D. for^.................................. 8 E RamtC-m ........................... 9 1. Remlery~andRemnr).T~.............. 9 2. TribJFi ............................ 10 (ion3 ........................10 Made BIuR Fish Facility. and Pyramid~~~. Lake FWnvay ....................... 11 s. stampede RCM& ......................... 11 6. Spn- Run Management .................... I2 7. RacuJI: life history. population dyia,gautia. Pad h.biht ................................. I3 8. RrguUoa dNnvlutdr Roject WPta Di.asiolg ...... 14 9. Bcndibd Comewah Mepnms ............... 15 G. Remrery Strategy ................................... 16 1. Seeme Habitat ............................ 16 2. V ................................ 17 3. Operate Cui-ui Ha- ...................... 17 4. No T~-adacation........................... 18 5. Use Computer Moddr ....................... 18 6. Update Pad Revise Rceoreq RPn and Objective ....... 19 11. RECOVERY ........................................21 A. Objective ........................................21 B. Nnnative Outline Ran for Recovery Adom Addrasing ThnsLI ..... 23 C. Li-Cited..................................... 36 lIL IMPLEMENTATION SCBEDULE ............................ 41 IV. APFENDICES .........................................A A. Twkcs Rira .Id qMlidLake Water Q~lPlitJ B. CUwModd C. Rob.bilistieC~R=Po= D. E~allutionof~toSIDlllaWatuforCui4 E. hdiri~coahctd Mn#TcdldcauAg- Rcrim vii LIST OF FIGURES r%lmlzs Paoc -1: C~.ui(ChasmisteJEYiU;)....................... 2 2: Major features of the Tmc-n Riva 8asin ....... 4 3: Strategic plan for obtaining mvay ............... 22 RECOVERY PLAN FOR THE ENDANGERED CUI-UI (Chasmistes cuid OF PYRAMID LAKE, NEVADA L INTRODUCTION Cui-ui Mis a lakcsucker found only in Pyramid Lake, Nevada%%%&cmUylisted as adangaed on. March I I, 1967 (32 FR 4001). Lakesuckem (genus are diffemtiated from other members of the family Catostomidae~s,the lobes of which are separated and may lack papillae, and by a large terminal, oblique mouth. The four recognized species are residents of thrre distinct drainage basins: cui-ui a.Euius) in the Truckee Rivu basin of western Nevada (Pyramid Lake); shortnose sucker G. in the Klamath River basin of Oregon