Zero-Emission Vehicles in California: COMMUNITY READINESS GUIDEBOOK Toward 1.5 Million Zero-Emission Vehicles on California Roadways by 2025 State of California Edmund G. Brown, Jr., Governor Governor’s Office of Planning and Research Ken Alex, Director Project Manager and Lead Author Ben Rubin, OPR Contributors Michelle Chester, OPR Jeffrey Mankey, OPR Editing and Layout California Center for Sustainable Energy Guidebook Production California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative California Fuel Cell Partnership Published fall 2013. First Edition. This Guidebook is intended to be an accessible informational resource that supports the expansion of zero-emission vehicles. It may be reproduced and distributed without permission. Please acknowledge this Guidebook as a source of information when using its content in other documents or presentations. Working Group Acknowledgements OPR is thankful for the time, expertise and dedication of the ZEV Community Readiness Guidebook Working Group members who helped create this Guidebook. David Almeida, California Center for Sustainable Energy Richard Battersby, University of California, Davis Rocky Burks, California Commission on Disability Access Roxana Bekemohammadi, California Air Resources Board Ayala Ben-Yehuda, University of California, Los Angeles Jared Cacho, California Energy Commission Lisa Chiladakis, California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative Kurt Cooknick, American Institute of Architects Dennis Corelis, State of California, Division of the State Architect Joshua Cunningham, California Air Resources Board J.R. DeShazo, University of California, Los Angeles Catherine Dunwoody, California Fuel Cell Partnership Susan Freedman, San Diego Association of Regional Governments Michael Hanebutt, Governor’s Office of Planning and Research Bob Hayden, City and County of San Francisco Dave Head, County of Sonoma Sharon Hoff, City and County of San Francisco Don Howe, California Department of Transportation Don Hughes, Santa Clara County Linda Hui, Bay Area Air Quality Management District Elise Keddie, California Air Resources Board Alex Keros, General Motors Joe Krack, California Department of Rehabilitation Barbara Lee, County of Sonoma Kristin Macey, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Division of Weights and Measures Mia Marvelli, California Building Standards Commission Jim McGowan, California Building Standards Commission Roberta McLaughlin, California Department of Transportation Michael Nearman, California Building Standards Commission Laurie O’Brien, California Building Standards Commission Tyler Petersen, California Center for Sustainable Energy Joel Pointon, Sempra Utilities Bob Raymer, California Building Industry Association Andy Schwarz, Solar City Karen Schkolnick, Bay Area Air Quality Management District Elan Shore, California Fuel Cell Partnership Mike Simpson, National Renewable Energy Laboratory John Taecker, Underwriters Laboratories Vienalyn Tankiamco, California Department of Rehabilitation Richard Weinert, California Department of Housing and Community Development Liz Yager, County of Sonoma 1 Publication Acknowledgements This Guidebook benefits from several helpful informational resources that preceded it. The publications listed below provided the basis for the information in this Guidebook. In many cases, the organizations, authors and contributors of these publications directly helped to shape the Guidebook. Bay Area Air Quality Management District: Bay Area and Monterey Area Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness Plan Bay Area Climate Collaborative: Ready, Set, Charge, California! California Center for Sustainable Energy: San Diego Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness Plan California Fuel Cell Partnership: A California Roadmap: Bringing Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles to the Golden State California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative: A Toolkit for Community Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness Governor’s Interagency Working Group on Zero-Emission Vehicles: 2013 ZEV Action Plan Southern California Association of Governments: Southern California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness Plan 2 Table of Contents Summary of Acronyms ...............................................................................................................................5 Preface ..............................................................................................................................................................7 Purpose and Use of the Guidebook .......................................................................................................9 Helpful Information ...............................................................................................................................10 Overview of Zero-Emission Vehicles ...........................................................................................11 Benefits of Zero-Emission Vehicle Community Readiness ..................................................14 Current State Policy on Zero-Emission Vehicles ......................................................................17 Funding and Financing for Zero-Emission Vehicle Readiness ............................................23 Recommended Actions ........................................................................................................................28 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness ................................................................................................29 Identifying Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Needs in Communities ...........31 General Plans, Zoning and Building Codes for Plug-In Electric Vehicles ................36 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Permitting ..........................................................42 Single-Family Residential Charging ............................................................................44 Charging and Permitting in Multi-Unit Dwellings .................................................47 Workplace Charging .........................................................................................................52 Retail and Public Sector Charging ...............................................................................54 Fast Charging ......................................................................................................................55 Working with Utilities for Plug-In Electric Vehicle Readiness .....................................57 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure and Equipment Accessibility ......................60 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Readiness .............................................................................................63 Identifying Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Needs in Communities .........64 Permitting Hydrogen Fueling Stations ...............................................................................67 Characteristics of Hydrogen as a Fuel .................................................................................71 Growing the Zero-Emission Vehicle Market in Local Communities .................................75 Partnering with Community Stakeholders .......................................................................76 Zero-Emission Vehicle Incentives and Outreach .............................................................79 Zero-Emission Vehicle Signs and Pavement Markings .................................................81 Greening Fleets with Zero-Emission Vehicles ..................................................................87 Economic Benefits of Zero-Emission Vehicle Readiness ..............................................91 Practical Tools and Templates ...........................................................................................................92 Featured Resources ...................................................................................................................93 Recommended Tools ................................................................................................................97 Greening Fleets with Zero-Emission Vehicles: Example Ordinance .........................98 Zero-Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Permitting: CEQA Exemptions ....................101 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Community Readiness Scorecard ........................................105 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Permitting Checklist .....................................111 Single-Family Residential Permitting Application Example .....................................117 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Load Calculator for Level 2 Charging ..................................121 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Checklists for Residents and Businesses............................125 3 Zoning Example for Installation of Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging Stations ........129 Example Building Codes for Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging ...............................130 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Parking Code Example .............................................................135 Consumer Awareness Guides ..............................................................................................137 Hydrogen Safety Checklist ....................................................................................................138 Hydrogen Letter from the State Fire Marshall................................................................142 Appendices ..............................................................................................................................................144 Governor’s Zero-Emission