58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Wildlife Health from Land to Sea: Impacts of a Changing World Program and Abstracts August 2—7, 2009 Blaine, Washington 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Platinum Sponsor $10,000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Gold Sponsor $5,000 USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services Gold Sponsor $5,000 Nevada Bighorns Unlimited, Reno Chapter Silver Sponsor $2,500 US Geological Survey Silver Sponsor $2,500 Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Silver Sponsor $2,500 American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians $1,500 Oregon State University $1,000 International Wildlife Veterinary Services, Inc $1,000 Mule Deer Foundation $750 Wild Sheep Foundation $750 Idaho Department of Fish and Game $500 U.C. Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Wildlife Health Center in-kind Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife in-kind Nevada Department of Wildlife in-kind Wildlife Conservation Society in-kind Cover Photo: By permission: Orcinus orca by Billy Doran Eclipse Photography http://www.wclipsephoto.org/ Back Cover Photo: Colin Gillin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the printing of this year’s program 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association August 2-7, 2009 Semiahmoo Blaine, Washington Program & Abstracts 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 WDA 2009 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL President……………………………………………………………………..……………….Charles van Riper III Vice-president……………………………………………………………………………………Lynn Creekmore Secretary……………………………………………………….……………………………………….....Pauline Nol Treasurer…………………………………………………………………………..…………..………Laurie Baeten Past-President……………………………………………………………………..…………..……...Scott Wright Executive Manager………………………………………………………………………….…….……Ed Addison Journal Editor……………………………………….……………………………..…………..….…………Jim Mills Website Editor……………………………………….………………………………………..…..Bridget Schuler Newsletter Editor………………………………….……………………………………......……..Jenny Powers COUNCIL MEMBERS-AT-LARGE Brett Elkin Wayne Boardman Samantha Gibbs Thierry Work Christine Kreuder Johnson Dolores Gavier-Widén STUDENT MEMBER OF COUNCIL Terra Kelly SECTION CHAIRS Africa…………………………………………………..………………….………………………………………vacant Australasia………………………………………………………………..…………………….Jenny McLelland Europe………………………………………………………………………………….…………………….Paul Duff Nordic………………………………………………………………..………………….………………….Erik Ågren Wildlife Veterinarian…………………………………………………………………….Jonathan Sleeman American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians Canadian Association of Zoo & Wildlife Veterinarians Jonathan Sleeman, President Doug Whiteside, President Mark Cunningham, Vice-President Todd Shury, Past-President Colin Gillin, Secretary Brett Elkin, Vice President Mark Drew, Treasurer Elena Garde, Secretary Kirsten Gilardi, Past President Josee Tremblay, Director at Large i 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 2009 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Conference Co-Chairs Joe Gaydos Univ. of Calif., Davis, Wildlife Health Center SeaDoc Society Colin Gillin Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Organizing Committee Ed Addison Abstract Editing, Institutional Memory Mark Atkinson Program Rob Bildfell Program Kate Counter Allen Press, Registration Mark Drew Program, Continuing Education Brett Elkin Auction Items Damien Joly Web Design / Editing, Abstract Submission, Formatting Kevin Keel Student Presentations Terra Kelly Student Events Kristin Mansfield Sponsorships Jordan Mencher Excursions, Printing, Auction Items Felicia Nutter Poster Presentations Helen Schwantje Program Peregrine Wolff Workshops, Program, Cover Design Session Chairs Rob Bildfell Thijs Kuiken J. Paul Duff Jordan Mencher Åsa Fahlman Felicia Nutter Frances Gulland Karrie Rose Dolores Gavier-Widén Richard Whittington Dave Jessup Peregrine Wolff Kevin Keel Conference Support Staff Elizabeth Crawford Semiahmoo Event Organizer Kadie Anderson Oregon State University Sonja Lapinski Oregon State University Nadia Rifat UC Davis Michelle Barbieri UC Davis And many other volunteers! ii 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 CONTINUING EDUCATION Continuing education for this conference was set up by the American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians through the American College of Zoological Medicine. CE forms can be acquired at the conference registration desk. The Program and Abstracts booklet is distributed to all WDA Conference attendees. The Wildlife Disease Association does not regard this Conference Program and Abstracts booklet as a publication. It is used only as an information and reference guide for conference participants. Abstracts included in this program should not be cited in any scientific literature or peer-reviewed publications. This conference is officially referred to as the Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association. iii 58th Wildlife Disease Association International Conference Blaine, Washington USA 2009 WDA 2009 Conference Greening Information The Conference Committee added “greening” to this year’s event. We contracted with Calyx~ Sustainable Hotel & Tourism Consultants to work with the resort to reduce the amount of waste produced by our conference and provide ideas on decreasing our carbon footprint. They worked directly with the resort staff to address more environmentally sustainable actions involving the resort’s management and operations (who makes decisions, support of environmental initiatives, communication), energy, water, purchasing, and food and beverage. Several of the many ideas generated are listed below and we invite you to help us green our conference with the following ways you can help: • If you drink coffee or tea, please bring a hot beverage container with you since there will be both on and off‐site opportunities to use it. • Please bring a reusable water bottle of your choice. Using your own reusable water bottle will help reduce waste, save on the energy costs associated with transporting bottled waters, and help the WDA save money on conference expenses. • This year, we will not provide conference tote bags with conference materials to help reduce our conference costs. • Conference attendees were asked to provide their own writing materials. • Although the hotel provides individual shampoos and conditioners in small plastic bottles which are replaced daily, these are not biodegradable and half or more of the contents is usually wasted. To avoid using these individually packaged personal amenities, we request that you please bring your own shampoo and conditioner. • If you don’t need the newspaper, please inform the front desk when you check in and the newspaper will not be delivered to your door. Complimentary newspapers will always be available in the lobby if you should change your mind on any given day. • Cell phones, MP3 players and laptops are real energy drains. The most energy efficient way to charge these devices is to charge them after the last session of the day and unplug them before you go to bed. Many thanks on behalf of the organizing committee for helping us meet our goals of greening this conference by participating in all, or as many of our requests as possible. Suggestions for next year’s conference will be greatly appreciated. This program is printed on recycled paper iv 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 The conference logo for the 2009 meeting was created by Ashley Wolff, a renowned children’s book illustrator and artist. More information on Ashley Wolff can be found on her website http://www.ashleywolff.com/newsite/index.html. Totem poles are an ancient tradition of the Indians of the Pacific Northwest coast. The totem figures and symbols have been represented for thousands of years and were originally carved on combs, boxes, masks and walking sticks. After contact with Europeans in the 1700s, and the subsequent acquisition of metal tools, large poles carved from mature cedar trees began to appear. Totem figures are not gods and totem poles were not worshipped. Instead they represented, through the placement of the animals and symbols on the totem pole, a coat of arms or seal for the family or clan. This represented a symbolic history for members related by blood, kinship, or shared experience. Totems placed at the entrance of the family longhouse were symbols of honor to ancestors and the clan. The animals chosen for the Semiahmoo totem represent the spirit of this meeting and a symbolic history of our WDA clan. The central animal is the Raven who represents Creation and knowledge – the “bringer of the light”. Within his left wing swims Killer Whale representing the Traveler and guardian – the “bringer of good” and in his right wing prowls Bear who brings Strength, learned humility, motherhood, and teaching. v 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 WDA 2009 CONFERENCE EVENTS & PROGRAM Welcome Reception – Sunday, August 2 (7:00 -10:00) The welcome reception of conference participants will begin Sunday evening in the Semiahmoo Ballroom. Hors d’oeuvres and complimentary local beer and wine will be served with a cash bar available. The event will begin with a tradition, the