Collaborations in forestry education: resource sharing, course mutual recognition and student mobility, between universities of developed economies and Bangladesh Dr. M. Al Amin Professor Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Chittagong, Bangladesh 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 1 26038´ Legend 260 100 km INDIA 250 Sylhet Tangail I I 240 N Dhaka N D D BANGLADESH I I Comilla A A 0 Barisal Feni 23 Noakhali Chittagong Khulna Patuakhali 0 Sundarban 22 Cox’s Bazar BAY OF BENGAL Myan 0 mar 21 20034´ 88001´ 890 900 910 920 Map 1. Forest cover in Bangladesh (Al-Amin, 2011) 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 2 Land uses of Bangladesh Land Use Category Area (M Ha) Percent Agriculture 9.57 64.9 State Forest Classfied 1.52 10.3 Unclassified 0.73 5.0 Private Forest Homestead 0.27 1.8 Tea/Rubber Garden 0.07 0.5 Urban and others Urban 1.16 7.9 Water 0.94 6.4 Other 0.49 3.2 Total 14.75 100 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 3 Ecologically forest Lands of Bangladesh Area Types of Forest Percentage (m ha) Natural Mangrove Forest and 0.73 4.95 Plantation Tropical evergreen and semi- 0.67 4.54 evergreen Forest Tropical moist deciduous Forest 0.12 0.81 Total 1.52 10.3 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 4 From 1971 - 1975 Forestry education emphasised on: Forest Botany Silviculture Inventory and Management Economics and forest valuation Engineering Utilization and Processing Forest Policy and Law 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 5 Forestry Education In Bangladesh 1977-88 Professional: B. Sc with honours and M. Sc. (IN IFESCU) Sub Professional: B. Sc. Forestry (2 yrs course after 12 years of schooling) Diploma in Forestry: 2-3 years course after 10 years of schooling Vocational: after 8 years of schooling 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 6 Forestry Education Then real paradigm shift appears in our forestry sector came in 1990....... In Education curriculum integrated ......Peoples forestry.....Social forestry.... Bangladesh also started but very slowly....... 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin Figure Source: CIFOR7 Forestry education in Bangladesh: at IFESCU Students Students enrolled Degree Male Female Foreign Total B.Sc. (Hons.) 772 74 16 862 M.Sc. 361 38 04 403 M.Phil 03 01 - 04 Graduates Ph.D 07 02 - 09 Subtotal 1143 115 20 1278 B.Sc. (Hons.) 111 42 - 153 Current students M.Sc. 25 01 - 26 (Annual intake B.Sc M.Phil/PhD 15 02 - 17 (Hons)- 40; M. Sc - 40 Subtotal 151 45 - 196 Total 1294 160 20 1474 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 8 Forestry education in Bangladesh: at SUST, KU and Sub professional level Graduate Current Degree Students annual intake Students enrolled Total Total B.Sc. (Hons.) 279 58 M.Sc. 158 58 Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences at M.Phil - - Sylhet Science and Technology University Ph.D - - Subtotal 437 116 B.Sc. (Hons.) ? 48 M.Sc. ? 48 Forestry and Wood Science discipline at Khulna University M.Phil/PhD - - Subtotal - 96 Sub professional level Diploma 535 50 Diploma in Forestry 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 9 Forestry Education New Problem new strategies (Global scale) new dimension After 1990, real break through is Information communication Technology (ICT) in knowledge base development Blending ICT in forestry curriculum enrich and invite other dimensions of human in scientific management of forests. 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 10 ANY CHANGE NEEDS....... Forestry Education NEW KNOWLEDGE BASE WITH PEOPLE’S PERCEPTIONS WITH NEW ANGLE Collaborations with developed economies Institutions with new curriculum.. New generation for knowledge expedition Technology Intervention Of course, on old authentic knowledge base Government Perception Policy alteration...change towards scientific study •Development of the forest sector and GDP •Societal Change 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 11 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 12 Forestry Education Beyond 2000 .... new knowledge base demands... Practical experiences sharing from developing to developed economies and vice-versa GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE VILLAGE COMMON FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST - PEOPLE CONFLICT MANAGEMENT LIVELIHOOD MANAGEMENT OF FOREST DEPENDENT GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE CARBON MANAGEMENT FOREST INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 13 Case study 1. Poster presentation ID 043 Sketching Future Semi Evergreen Forest of Bangladesh Considering Climate Change Scenarios and Adaptation M. Al-Amin** and Chand Khanam Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Chittagong University, Bangladesh Conclusion Findings Implication The research provides the methodologies Germination (%) at existing and high scenarios The initial growth of regarding the germination techniques of the A. chaplasha Name of the Species Existing High Scenario seeds and nursery practices by means of seedlings showed experimentations for adopting climate Artocarpus chaplasha 46 40 alarming results, change for future and also suggested the Albizia lebbek 38 30 depicted that species choice of species for future need to use Albizia procera 18 15 might not withstand spatial data integration on a GIS platform. Gmelina arborea 53 40 with the high Switenia mahagoni 85 46 scenario of the Introduction Terminalia arjuna 57 90 climate change. This means Bangladesh Adaptive nature of forest species in Terminalia belerica 80 88 changing climate plays a positive role in may loose a high the sustainable forest management. The 20.0 potential species (for germination and initial growth railway sleepers, performances of economically important 15.0 furniture and tree species of the forest were construction) at semi experimented in plant growth chambers 10.0 evergreen forest in Existing Scenario Low Scenario future. and temperature regulated growth rooms 5.0 using different climate change scenarios Heightcm. in Mid Scenario High Scenario predicted by IPCC for Bangladesh. 0.0 Acknowledgement 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 Acknowledgement This poster is a Days Methods venture of USDA Germination of seeds was studied in both Initial growth (height) of A. chaplasha funded (on going) natural condition and at growth chamber research project at where temperature & humidity were IFESCU. The authors controlled. IPCC projected high scenario are expressing their of temperature and humidity for deepest gratitude to Bangladesh (from 28.20C to 39.60C with a IFESCU, USDA ramping of 0.010C/minute & humidity authority and project 68% to 78% with a ramping of personnel for their 0.1%/minute) were maintained at growth positive attitude to chamber. conduct the research. A. chaplasha in A. chaplasha in existing scenario high scenario 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 14 Biophysical Policy level Society level Ecosystem level Landscape level process and Community level National Government development Define scope Define scope Define scope priorities policy Ecosystem Ecosystem Biophysical Impacts of structure goods and and soc-ec climate and function services indicators change Adaptation Socioeconomic Design Vulnerability Ass Vulnerability Ass Vulnerability Ass and strategies development climate variability Figure illustrates vulnerability assessment for climate change from policy to community GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 15 Forest - people conflict management Fuel for curing tobacco leaves Tobacco kiln 07/03/2016 M. Al-Amin 17 Forest - people conflict management Growing ship breaking industry: conflict with planted mangrove The research revealed that the area of exiting coastal plantation is measured approximately 490 hectare and the area of ship breaking yard are measured 310 hectare. This is a 20 years old plantation and total organic carbon (tree: 128.74 tonne/hectare; litter:0.01 Figure: Kattoli coastal plantation area and ship breaking tonne/hectare; soil; 24.07 area tonne/hectare) stock in the plantations are 152.82 tonne/ha. The tree organic carbon stock per hectare plantation are found in 128.74 tonne. So, from 310 hectare in ship yard area approximately 40,000 metric tonne tree organic carbon are loss due to the ship breaking activities and other purposes. 07/03/2016 M.Figure: Al-Amin Total carbon stock (tonne/ha) in the study18 site Experiences of International Collaborations on Forestry Education and Research International organizations rendered their kind help and assistance to build Forestry Education (building up IFESCU) in Bangladesh •World Bank •Asian Development Bank (ADB) •Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) •United Nations Development Program (UNDP) •Forests, Trees and People Programs (FTPP) •Forest Research Institute of India (FRI, India) •FRIM (Malaysia) •Asia Pacific Association of Forestry Research Institution (APAFRI) • Regional Community Forestry Training Centre (RECOFTC, Thailand) •World Bank (WB) •University Putra Malaysia (UPM) •University of the Philippines at Los Banos (Philippines) These organizations rendered their support in following major sectors: Infrastructure development Curriculum development Expatriate teachers Providing fund to building up capacity of the teachers However, this institute got the followings: •Technical expertise (international recruited professors) in Rural Sociology and Forest Extension, Silviculture, Agroforestry and Forest Ecology, Forest Inventory, Remote Sensing and GIS, Forest Resource Management and Forest Economics, Forest Engineering & Logging, Forest Products and Wood Utilization. •Fellowships for IFESCU academic staff to pursue higher degrees in prestigious institutions abroad in various fields of forestry. •Teaching materials (lecture notes prepared by expatriate Professors), books, scientific journals, and other references for Institute library. •Various equipments for teaching and research Collaborations between IFESCU and Universities of Japan GRADUATE