THE COLLECTED ORKS OF LEO SZILARD VOLUME I - SCIENCE Edited by Bernard T. Feld and Gertrud Weiss Szilar d with the assistance of Kathleen R. Winsor -I \t ( I ( {/ r Introductory Essays by Carl F . :Jrokart Bernard T. Feld Maurice Ooldhaber Aaron Noviok. Julius Ta.bin M. I . T. Press, Cambridge ,Mass. t I I II{ n ( 0 .!.;t-- Ct((cl L (r- u [ ( ~ A [1· {r I "1 (1 - ' ch ~Y. ,, • l It I I { . ( J L L· I u( I Jacques Honod Professor, College de France Director of Pasteur Institute Paris, France Carl H. Eckart Professor of Geophysics University of California, San Diego Bernard T. Feld Professor of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston, Hassachusetts Haurice Goldhaber Director, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, New York Aaron Novick Professor of Biology Institute of Molecular Biology University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon Julius Tabin Patent Attorney Chicago, Illinois Gertrud Weiss Szilard, M. D. School of Medicine University of California, San Diego Kathleen R. Winsor Librarian University of California, San Diego TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 I ( l C { ForewoJl to Collected Works ( f') Preface ( --Oart_rud_ Weiss Szilard) rriculum Vitae by Leo Szilard (From Grant Application) ~ ~ )) '> tA.t..c( SECTION I. PU:BLISHED PAPERS IN PHYSICS tq• (..~ 1939 Bibliography A. Thermodynamics ,\ Introdu. ctory :&:~say by Carl H. Eokart ~ _ f-lr I/ c 1 -• B. Expel'imenta.l work with x-rays ~ ) :, , 0 ( c. Nuclear Physi s Introductory Es y by Maurice Goldhaber ~ f·- ;-:. J SECTION II. UNPUBLISHED PAPERS AND REPORTS IN PHYSICS, ETALLURGY AND ENGINEERING, \, (- Declassified documents from Manhatta.nProject) ( 1940- 1945J Bibliography I. Intro,ducyory EetJay b1 Bernard T. Feld I .I -'} - (, J J SJCTION III. PUBLISHED PAPERS IN BIOLOGY 1949 - 1964 Bibliography SECTION IV. PATJ!NTS, PATENT APPLICATIONS Al1D DISCLOSURES 192~- 1959 Bibliography Introductory Essay by Julius Tabin List of Illustrations Photographs Reproductions from Note Books Index MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LABO RATO RY FOR N UCL EAR SCIEN CE CAMBRIDGE. M ASSACHUSETTS 02 1 3 9 Room 26-425 16 July 1969 Dr. Gertrud Szilard 2380 Torrey Pines Road La Jolla, California Dear Trude: We're in business! The Collected Scientific Works are scheduled to appear late this winter, certainly in time to be launched (in some ceremonial way) by the Press at the Washington meeting of the APS and National Academy in April. We still need to take care of the items circled in the Table (enclosed), by September if possible. What did you have in mind for the illustrations? Can you send me or Curly a few of your favorite photos of Leo, to be used in the book and on the jacket? A few typical (or atypical) notebook pages would be welcome. Can you have some photos made and send them along? Now to get at the next volume. Love, ~ B. T . Feld ;;. t j /~ '~. ----- 0 .})uo-{L ' t 7 I ·-·' Bibliography ~ 'A~ . Thenllo·dynamicsL '- U Intra due tory Essay ·by 9:0J.rl H~ :EJ.)kar·c . /.......n- Thq)orimen·Lal .tor~ v:i th X-rays ~~ Nucl -~.:n· Physic s ri Intro duo·~cn·y Esnay by ?lauricc Gol dhaber . I . UNPUBLISHED .PAPBRS AHD Rl:."POTI'l'S IJJ PIITSICS 9 1- H~'ThLLURGY; AlfD E!\TGI~ EJ3RDTG ( D-:>c lass:i.fi ed do cum en t8 :f:com Hunhutto.np1·o Ject) 19 40 - 1945 . I 1.. ..... · , ' ~/ \i\- -InI t:coductorv..., ~"lc~y by Bern2.rd T. Feld "'' P, ( '-'f'.L-•;~..<1..~.-j!.J . ____,__ l ~ / m. PU:BLISRJ!iJ) P APl~RS nr BIOLOGY . 1949 - 1964 Bibliography \.::= -. ~dtteto-ry--Essa.yoy J a:c-q , c;;·:;- }:- c;mod - Introductory Essay by Ae.rvn Hovick --~ ftv. 1925 - 1959 Bi bliogra:phy · Introductor-y Essay _by Juli'l1s Tabin ~ - - -= IlJ.us'C:ra ti91·s Pho togre.p hs ·--:J Re'e-~-ro-ouct-ion.s_ fro m Note Books -- l .,_....l~ c: ~r;- -- ~ - Index -- ' Contents Part I Biographical N~tes ~... .._ ,rr ·h J, t 1 , u (tl, • • f "' f. :_..._ c/ _ - : [ 1.. ·,I • ' -}' . "curriculum Vitae~~- Leo Szilard :: r:.u L (_~ /··c: (j ~ l •,,,.) " . Part II ·Published Papers in Physics.) 192:5- lq:; q ·Bibliography +19'2-5'-1-9-39) ·rh e rmo dynamics B:9"Z-5--:1.9-2"9) H· Notes· on Szilard's Thermodynamic Papers, by Carl1\ Eckart · Experimenta l Work with X Rays in C'\rystals f.l-9-2-5-3:9-26 )· Nuclear Physics ~4-193 ~ ) -Leo - :Zi- l.:lr~ Nucl.ear Phy5:ics Papers, by Haurice Coldhaber ' Part III Papers and Reports in Physics, Het\,alurgy, and En8ineering Fi .tiC' --ICJ 4'-5- ..J Bibliography ~4~r~ :x.J.- '·'/ --' -D.octnnents Relating to the Hanhat tan Project, by Bernard T. Feld '1-':. t) Appendix: Reproductions from Notebooks Published Papers in Biology 1949 - /7t:.- ~ Part IV / ~ ~~ -/~ . Bibliography ~)·~ Novick -- - -· I / · Introductory Essay, by Aaron ,.-: -­:J I Appendix: Public Health Institute Proposal and Disclosures . 11'2 5- IC/-:>-7 Part V .Patents, Patent Applications, ./ . Bibliography (1923 1959) •., - V.._/ / · /·-- Introductory Essay, by Julius Tahin ~ -y, - ...., .... / · Index /2 I ( ol I. arun· Vol. ~5:! oremher 8 1974 dures h.td been 11 riuen ~1nd pr.h.: U<,,·d '\.. \,;i1 ' n The language of space in the four joint .ra1ning '..:";on\. l \1 ,1 tht f ~ II f t. l I • -.i 11 ..\ 4 ~..d i from A 1/g,•la Croomc LmergenC) rroCLdur..:s had ~et to he nne ~ \ ''" ttr d n "'· · p,.~L r- ... d .... i n~ Lt.-Coloncl Alc;-..eit Leonov, com­ worked out and there 11a\ further l~<~l cl ·n j'.t , ._ ., 1,, I cr, >~a • .t g ~~...tt manckr de\ignate of the So) UL crew pol is hing of the l.tnguagL to he c.lcllle: SC,J rLI \ ( ,Jd L J, tL ~')\ i, t d.tt,l. I! l\V ILl )"l lc Lr •• J . ..:,llcd for next summer's Apollo-SO)UL link­ thi~ had pro1ed much more of a rr,lb­ had th..: . , 1 •: r.llliP s ,, it I lll< h lilll s;~..l..nc.,s? up (the A">IP) announced a nice com­ lem than origin.tll) cn1 i'.tged (thnu ~·h early prol1l :n ~~ k promise on the question of ~pace iu lging from L..:onO\ ·s comp.:tent per­ Sl..yla :1 astron.lllt . groggy anJ commun1.:ations during the JOint pre­ formance, his English wa~ no longer a during their lir t v.ce · in the orbital sentation on A~rl' progress at the headache). Still to be fully sorted out ''ork~hor . wnuld dearly like to l..n 011 . Amsterdam International A ~ tronau­ v. as the ticklish question of the inter­ tical Congress. Last year it was not relation of the two control centre . Meda 1 gy known ''hat the language of pace There ~ceme d no clea r indication that would he. said Leonov; it had now an America n team of controllers \\ ..: arL .1gog to see 1\hct 1er our hint been decided that on the mi ion the would be sitting in at Baikonur next ( afltre. 2.t6. '13: 19731 tn.tt the l<.uyal Ru-. i:.tth \\oultl pe,tk L.:.ngli h a11tl the July. Sl ,ic:. \ p n .1c~ ·or he di~tributto of American Rm ian . In an emcrgcn y Both the Ruso,ians and t:tc Ameri­ meJ.tl, w;,~ ju~l " lr;fle !llwarJ-J,,ul..ing each team would re vert to its o~n cans assured que tioners that there 11as h;,, f.tllcn un fat!le grol<nd. It' m..:da l - language. It had not however been nothing to choose hctwccn the two time again n;:xt 1 cek and ~evcral fixed who would take overa ll command sides in terms of input to the engineer­ Fellows have toiJ L:\ th.:-~ 11 ill try and in a crisi . ing and other dcsign and operational persuaJc C uncil tu lool.. f nher afield The 'book' of operational proce- concepts. oncthclcss behind the this year. Radioactivity salted away and published'. from l.trgc , ,l ll1J1 lc'? 1\nJ, e1cn if Lhi~ " .'\ y.:ar ago la\t Do: cL·mb..:r 1 11 a' J anal)~i~ i, at 1·ari.tnc..: 1\llh the real StR- Rde rring to the artie!..: "Fruit~ Mo'<.:ow to attend the \i\th l'ug­ objcct of the cxer..:ise, ,,·nn't the un­ of a Fau ·tian bargain" (Nature, 251, in wa"h conference. And while I was succc,,ful arrlicanh sioux? 274: 1974) it appears that the nitcd there I was invited to talk to a writers' Yours faithful!~ . States propose te t in 1980 for the club about molecular biology, about t:' '\. S:-.IITH storing of radioactive waste so as to my work. One of thc~c writers said, Deparrment of Boran y, stop dumping it- as do the UK. USSR ' ow what practical consequences does University of Adelaide, and other nations-in the ocean. The this •have?' So 1 said. 'A~ far as T can Adelaide, South Ausrralia 500 1 Gaman autho riti c~ cern to be ahead sec it has no practical utility whatever of them, as for several years now. low - but of course if you had a~kcd me ILLL reactor? and moderately radioactive waste ha~ that about nuclear physics in the StR ,-Although apposite .tnd allusi1·e been stored in a !.alt mine close to 1930s I would have told you the same a lliterations arc alway ~ amu ing and Hannover hy the Gcsclbchaft fi.ir And then the Russian ~aiel, appropriate as .tcron~ ms. lnstitut Strahlcn-und Umwcltfor\c:hung ov.ned thing.' 'Well in that case, wouldn't it be better Lauc-Langevin still atisiics many of by the Federal Gcrman Republic.