2020 Washington Model Organization of American States General Assembly E-MODEL Final Packet General Committee April 6th – 9th, 2020 01_General_Bolivia_2 Budgetary IMPLEMENTATION OF THE “EDUCATION FOR DEMOCRACY” PROGRAM FOR INDIGENOUS AND AFRO-DESCENDANTS PEOPLES General Committee Topic No. 2 of the Agenda Draft Resolution Presented by the Delegation of the Plurinational State of Bolivia THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, HAVING SEEN: Article 34, of the Charter of the Organization of the American States (OAS), which establishes that “The Member States agree that equality of opportunity, the elimination of extreme poverty, equitable distribution of wealth and income and the full participation of their peoples in decisions relating to their own development are, among others, basic objectives of integral development”; Article 9 of the Inter-American Democratic Charter, which calls for “elimination of all forms of discrimination, especially gender, ethnic, and race discrimination”; Article 19 of the Social Charter of the Americas, which proclaims: “Everyone is entitled to education without discrimination. Access to quality education at all levels and modalities is vital to achieving greater equity, improving standards of living, fostering sustainable development, developing human capital, reducing poverty, strengthening democratic institutions, transmitting civic and social values, creating responsible citizens committed to society, and promoting social inclusion”; TAKING INTO ACCOUNT: Article 15 (2) of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which claims that “States and indigenous peoples, in keeping with the principle of equality of opportunity, shall promote the reduction of disparities in education between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples”; Article 20 (4) of the aforementioned Declaration, which establishes that “States, in consultation and cooperation with the indigenous peoples, shall adopt effective measures to ensure the exercise and enforcement of these rights”; CONCERNED: By the current fact that Afro-descendants and Indigenous peoples across the Hemisphere, form a main part of the population in the Americas, but also constitute the most vulnerable minority group in the region, being victims of racism, xenophobia, and different kind of discrimination, according to the report “The situation of peoples of African descent in the Americas” (December, 2011) the from Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (IACHR); and REALIZING: That extreme poverty and illiteracy are both cause and consequence of discrimination and social exclusion of all those alienated groups in the Western Hemisphere; That the World Bank Report, “Indigenous Latin America in the Twenty-First Century,” states that indigenous peoples constitute the 8 percent of the population in the Region, while representing approximately 14 percent of the poor and 17 percent of the extremely poor in Latin America, 01_General_Bolivia_2 Budgetary RESOLVES: 1. To commend all Member States for the efforts made in order to decrease inequality between Afro- descendants and Indigenous peoples, with the rest of the population. 2. To renew the commitment assumed in the “Program of Action on Indigenous Peoples in the Americas” created in 2009, by the Secretariat of Legal Affairs (SLA) to encourage the aforementioned groups to participate in the OAS activities, in order to increase their representation through the Organization. 3. To request all Member States Education Ministries, or their equivalent, to work with the Inter- American Indian Institute (III), and the Inter-American Committee of Education (ICE) to establish the guidelines for the application of the “Education for Democracy” Program, with the purpose of, but not limited: a. To provide Indigenous and Afro-descendants settlements with quality education in order to promote their participation in civic activities, with the implementation of a learning platform composed by a virtual classroom with preloaded material and practical activities, regarding: i. Integral learning plans focused on democratic values, highlighting the main principles promoted by the OAS. ii. Annually-held debates and workshops with the aim to acquire knowledge through unconventional techniques. b. To establish a commission to evaluate the progress. 4. To recommend the creation of a symposium about efficient education methods, composed of educational experts from the region, with the goal of promoting dialogue and cooperation among different international, national, and local institutions so as to ensure education for democratic values and practices. 5. To request the IACHR to oversee the application of the “Education for Democracy” Program and create a report on its implementation. 6. To request funding from the ICE and the III budget, and volunteer donations. Approved for form and substance: ______________________________________ (Signature of Faculty Advisor) Cosignatories: 1. _____________________________ _____________________________ (Signature of Delegate) (Country Represented) 2. _____________________________ _____________________________ 03_General_Grenada_1 REFINING BORDER SECURITY SYSTEMS TO PREVENT ABUSE OF WOMEN DURING HEMISPHERIC BORDER CRISES General Committee Topic No. 1 of the Agenda Draft Resolution Presented by the Delegation of Grenada THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, HAVING SEEN: Article 16 of the Organization of American States (OAS) Charter, which declares that the “jurisdiction of States within the limits of their national territory is exercised equally over all the inhabitants, whether nationals or aliens”; The Social Charter of the Americas, which underscores that the “full exercise of economic, social, and cultural rights requires that a series of measures be progressively adopted by member states in conjunction with regional and international cooperation,” that “these essential rights are not derived from one’s being a national of a certain state, but are based upon attributes of the human person,” and that “these rights must be reaffirmed, developed, improved, and protected”; Article 9 of the Inter-American Democratic Charter, which urges the “elimination of all forms of discrimination, especially gender, ethnic and race discrimination,” and calls for the “promotion and protection of human rights of indigenous peoples and migrants”; NOTING WITH CONCERN: That according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), “Women and girls make up around 50 per cent of any refugee, internally displaced or stateless population, and those who are unaccompanied, pregnant, heads of households, disabled or elderly are especially vulnerable”; Amnesty International’s report, Detained and Deported, which finds that “having irregular status and a lack of procedures to seek protection makes women very vulnerable to exploitation, extortion, violence, trafficking, sexual abuse, and discrimination,” often in the form of “ill-treatment upon arrest or in detention”; Reports from the Refugee and Immigrant Center for Education and Legal Services (RAICES), which reveal the three-month long disappearance of over 700 women while in custody of the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and demand action for the 87 women who have yet to be found; BEARING IN MIND: The 2005 Declaration and Plan of Action of Mar del Plata (4th Summit of the Americas), in which Member States commit to “provide for the dignified, orderly, and safe return of migrant[s]” by combatting trafficking and strengthening “the training of professional staff to be better positioned to investigate and prosecute the responsible parties, undertake prevention initiatives, as well as protect and assist the victims of these crimes”; The 2018 UN Global Compact on Refugees and its Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework (CRRF), which affirms “the political will and ambition of the international community as a whole for strengthened cooperation and solidarity with refugees and affected host countries,” and provides a blueprint for easing the pressures on host countries, enhancing refugee self-reliance, and supporting conditions in countries of origin for return in safety and dignity; and 03_General_Grenada_1 RECOGNIZING: The Comprehensive Regional Protection and Solutions Framework (MIRPS), a State-led initiative supported by the OAS, the UNHCR, and the Central American Integration System, which seeks cooperation “between countries of origin, transit, and destination, that promotes shared responsibility mechanisms, strengthens protection, and enhances solutions for refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and returnees with protection needs”; The Migration and Development Program (MIDE) and its Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI), which provides technical advice to the Committee on Migration Issues (CAM), by monitoring migration flows and assessing migration policies; The commitment of the Inter-American Commission of Women (CIM) to “advise the Organization in all matters related to women’s rights and gender equality,” as well as collaborate with Member States and international organizations to “foster the formulation and adoption of inter-American instruments for the recognition of women as rights holders” and “eliminate all forms of discrimination against women”, RESOLVES: 1. To commend the Member States for their efforts to ensure the human rights and fundamental freedoms of women migrants and asylum-seekers. 2. To call upon the Member States to strengthen national and international programs