4-H MOTTO Learn to do by doing. 4-H PLEDGE I pledge My HEAD to clearer thinking, My HEART to greater loyalty, My HANDS to larger service, My HEALTH to better living, For my club, my community and my country. 4-H GRACE (Tune of Auld Lang Syne) We thank thee, Lord, for blessings great On this, our own fair land. Teach us to serve thee joyfully, With head, heart, health and hand. This project was developed through funds provided by the Canadian Agricultural Adaptation Program (CAAP). No portion of this manual may be reproduced without written permission from the Saskatchewan 4-H Council, phone 306-933- 7727, email: [email protected]. Developed May 2013. Writer: Pat Shier Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview of the Project ............................................................................................................. 3 Unit Two Requirements ....................................................................................................... 4 At Achievement Day .............................................................................................................. 4 A Note to the Leader ............................................................................................................ 5 Supplies You Will Need ............................................................................................................. 7 Before You Bake and Decorate .............................................................................................. 8 Kitchen Safety ........................................................................................................................... 8 Metric or Imperial? ................................................................................................................. 9 Baking Supplies .............................................................................................................................. 10 Baking Pan Sizes ..................................................................................................................... 10 Activity 1: Pan Capacity Refresher ................................................................................... 11 How Much Cake Batter? ...................................................................................................... 14 Preparing Baking Pans or Cake Tins .............................................................................. 14 A Few Reminders .................................................................................................................... 15 Read the Recipe ...................................................................................................................... 15 Collect Recipes ......................................................................................................................... 16 What about Allergies or Dietary Issues? ...................................................................... 16 Things to Know About Flour ............................................................................................. 16 Baking a Cake or Cupcakes ...................................................................................................... 17 Levelling a Cake ............................................................................................................................. 18 Making Buttercream Icing ......................................................................................................... 19 Buttercream Icing Recipe .................................................................................................... 19 Chocolate Buttercream Icing Recipe .............................................................................. 20 How much Icing will I Need? ............................................................................................. 20 Icing Consistency ..................................................................................................................... 20 Activity 2: Bake Two Cakes for Layering and Make a Batch of Medium Consistency Icing .............................................................. 22 Making a Layer Cake ................................................................................................................... 23 Filling a Layer Cake ................................................................................................................. 24 Planning the Cake Design ......................................................................................................... 25 Look at the Whole Cake ...................................................................................................... 26 Repetition .................................................................................................................................... 26 Balance ......................................................................................................................................... 26 Colour ........................................................................................................................................... 27 Repeating a Pattern or Design .......................................................................................... 27 Evenly-spaced Designs .......................................................................................................... 27 Proportion ................................................................................................................................... 28 Number of Flowers ................................................................................................................. 28 Focal Point .................................................................................................................................. 28 Looking for Ideas ........................................................................................................................... 29 Activity 3: Finding Ideas for this Project ....................................................................... 30 Icing a Cake ..................................................................................................................................... 31 Crumb Coat ................................................................................................................................ 31 Final Icing Coat ......................................................................................................................... 31 Cake Boards ..................................................................................................................................... 33 How to Cover a Cake Board ............................................................................................... 34 Activity 4: Covering a Cake Board ................................................................................... 35 Cake Storage ................................................................................................................................... 37 Transporting your Cake .............................................................................................................. 38 Getting Ready to Pipe Icing ..................................................................................................... 39 Types of Icing Bags ................................................................................................................ 39 Attachments .............................................................................................................................. 39 Activity 5: Make a Parchment Paper Decorating Bag ............................................ 40 Let’s Do It! ........................................................................................................................................ 42 Decorating Steps ..................................................................................................................... 42 Activity 6: Make a Practice Board .................................................................................... 43 Preparing a New Icing Bag ................................................................................................. 44 Icing Tip Basics ............................................................................................................................... 45 Colour ................................................................................................................................................. 46 The Colour Wheel ................................................................................................................... 46 Colour Schemes ....................................................................................................................... 47 Activity 7: Colour Scheme Awareness ........................................................................... 49 Colour and Cake Decorating ................................................................................................... 51 Food Colourings ...................................................................................................................... 52 Colouring Icing ......................................................................................................................... 53 How Do I Make Different Colours? ................................................................................ 53 Two-tone