NASAT 2015 - Round 06 - Tossups 1. The change in this quantity multiplies i in the exponential of the integral giving the atomic form factor. Einstein suggested that the change in this quantity for the far screen would determine which slit a photon passes through. The "transfer" of this quantity, symbolized q, is a common term in scattering experiments. This quantity, divided by h-bar, gives the wavevector. The commutator of this quantity with x is i times h-bar. The energy of a photon equals the speed of light times this quantity. The Hamiltonian of a particle in a box is the square of its operator, over twice the mass. The de Broglie wavelength is Planck's constant over this quantity. For 10 points, name this quantity which, classically, equals mass times velocity. ANSWER: linear momentum <Silverman> 2. In the first scene of this play, a woman inquires of a messenger, "how many hath he killed? for indeed I promised to eat all of his killing." A man in this play regrets that his friend would now rather hear "the tabour and the pipe" than "the drum and the fife." In a climactic confrontation in this play, a man exclaims, "Is this the prince? Is this the prince's brother?...Are our eyes our own?" Women are told to convert all their "sounds of woe into hey nonny nonny" in a song in this play urging them to "sigh no more." In this play, Borachio and Margaret become part of a scheme by Don John that leads to the faked death of Hero, who is in love with Claudio. For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play featuring a "merry war" between Beatrice and Benedick. ANSWER: Much Ado About Nothing <Gehring> 3. In a story by this author, a woman begins a relationship with her stepson after breastfeeding him, but eventually dies of shock when a centipede bites her. A novel by this author ends with the protagonist contemplating one of his father-in-law's puppets while awaiting the return of his estranged wife. In a novel by this author, a firefly hunt is contrasted with a family's annual cherry blossom-viewing trips. A novel by this author follows an engineer who molds the title teen waitress into a "modern girl." In one of his novels, the beauty parlor owner Itani suggests various marriage prospects for one of the title characters, Yukiko. For 10 points, name this Japanese author of Naomi, Some Prefer Nettles, and The Makioka Sisters. ANSWER: Jun'ichiro Tanizaki [or Tanizaki Jun'ichiro] <Brownstein> NASAT 2015 - Round 06 - Page 1 of 13 4. A painting identified at the Prado in 2010 as being by this artist features a saint dividing his cloak on the right. Another of this artist's four surviving paintings in distemper includes a man who has just fallen on his back in a ditch at the head of a diagonally-oriented procession connected by their staffs. He also depicted that parable from Matthew at the background of a canvas in which a woman puts a blue cloak on her husband, indicating that he is a cuckold, one of many illustrations of idioms. In another of his paintings, a farmer, shepherd, and angler fail to notice a boy dangling his legs, about to drown. For 10 points, name this Flemish artist of Netherlandish Proverbs and Landscape with the Fall of Icarus. ANSWER: Pieter Bruegel the Elder [or Peasant Bruegel] <Saric> 5. In 2014, the Fresno City Council agreed to remove one of these places designed by Garrett Eckbo on Fulton Street. Victor Gruen built one for Kalamazoo, the first in the United States. Mayor Jane Byrne turned nine blocks of State Street in Chicago into one of these places in an unsuccessful attempt to keep businesses from leaving the city center. In the 1960s and 70s, many were built in hopes of revitalizing downtowns and competing with places like the Southdale Center in the Minneapolis suburbs. More successful examples have been built in college towns, like the one in Charlotttesville, Virginia or on Pearl Street in Boulder, Colorado. For 10 points, name these shopping areas where cars are prohibited. ANSWER: pedestrian malls [or pedestrian zones; prompt on "mall"] <Bailey> 6. This hero strikes the ground with an arrow to bring forth water for a dying enemy, whom this hero had previously struck with so many arrows that his fallen body appears to be resting on a bed of arrows. This man wins a battle against a warrior whose chariot becomes stuck in some mud. This slayer of Bhishma and rival of Karna wins the hand of his wife after he shoots the eye of a golden fish while staring only at its reflection in a bowl of oil. This hero is reluctant to fight Duryodhana in the Kurukshetra War until his companion declares "Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds." For 10 points, name this Pandava prince whose charioteer Krishna delivers the Bhagavad Gita in the Mahabharata. ANSWER: Arjuna [or Arjun] <Kim> 7. The Suppressor-of-White-APricot domain regulates this process. Prp24 helps form a duplex during this process, which is promoted by serine/arginine-rich SR proteins binding to ESEs. Parts for this process are stored in namesake speckles. This process starts with an attack on a namesake donor site by the branchpoint, which then attacks the 3-prime acceptor site adjacent to a polypyrimidine tract in a second transesterification. Its "alternative" type produces protein isoforms. U4, U5, and U6 snRNAs form a triple-snurp complex during it. The reading frame can be restored in this process by skipping over exons. For 10 points, name this process in which introns are excised from pre-mRNA. ANSWER: RNA splicing [or splice; or alternative splicing; prompt on pre-messenger RNA processing and spliceosome formation] <Smart> NASAT 2015 - Round 06 - Page 2 of 13 8. This man is baffled when he observes a mysterious figure that "looks like a son of the gods" walking amongst a group of prisoners. This man is described as "drenched with the dew of heaven" and eating "grass like an ox" after he is punished with seven years of madness, as prophesied by a dream in which a bountiful tree is ordered to be chopped down. This man has a dream in which a statue is made of various precious metals but has feet made of iron and clay. Three servants of this ruler are re-named Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego and ordered to be thrown into a fiery furnace. Daniel interprets the dreams of this emperor, who orders the destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. For 10 points, name this emperor who initiates the Babylonian Captivity. ANSWER: Nebuchadnezzar II <Kim> 9. The AK-47 was first used on a wide scale during this event. During this event, the Dudas Group attacked members of the AVH Secret Police. Its leader was deported to Romania after leaving the Yugoslavian embassy despite a promise of safe conduct. Tensions resulting from this event spilled over into an a Olympic water polo match that became known as the "Blood in the Water Match." It was inspired in part by the Secret Speech of Nikita Khrushchev, and following it, premier Janos Kadar instituted the system of "goulash communism." For 10 points, name this 1956 revolution in which Imre Nagy's attempt to withdraw a Central European country from the Warsaw Pact was quelled by a Soviet invasion. ANSWER: Hungarian Revolution of 1956 [or anything indicating an uprising in Hungary in 1956] <Douglass> 10. In this period, Ishida Baigan's religion of "Heart Learning" was among the various movements to legitimize business. During this period, nobles were forced to leave their families in the imperial capital as hostages when they were at their castles in the sankin-kotai, or alternate attendance, policy. In the later part of this period, known as the Bakumatsu, the Convention of Kanagawa was signed, signaling the reversal of this period's sakoku isolationist policy. The founder of this government defeated an alliance led by Ishida Mitsunari at the Battle of Sekigahara, and this shogunate was ended by the restoration to power of the Meiji Emperor. For 10 points, name this last shogunate of Japan that was founded by Ieyasu. ANSWER: Tokugawa Shogunate [or Tokugawa bakufu; or Edo bakufu] <O'Rourke> 11. Goursat's theorem makes it easy to check differentiability of a function over this set. If a function over this set is bounded and entire, then it is constant by Liouville's theorem. Fractional linear transformations named for Mobius take this set to itself. Extending this set by adjoining a point at infinity in this set allows for it to be mapped to a sphere via stereographic projection. Differentiable functions from this set to itself satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations and are referred to as holomorphic. This field is the algebraic closure of the real numbers, and numbers of this type can be written in the form r times e to the i times theta. For 10 points, name this set of numbers which can be written in the form a + bi. ANSWER: complex numbers <Schindler> NASAT 2015 - Round 06 - Page 3 of 13 12. This book credits a Prince Lichnowsky with coining the phrase "hasn't go no date" to describe historical existence transcending specific circumstances. A section of this book that argues against Nassau Senior's conception of the crucial "last hour" says that all goods, and not just those produced at the point of profitability, contain "c," "v," and "s" values. This book introduces the "MCM" and "CMC" paradigms for the flow of money into commodities, and it claims that the "use-value" of every good is objective and inherent.