Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Local Government of Mangistau Oblast Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan MASTER PLAN STUDY ON INTEGRATED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR MANGISTAU OBLAST IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FINAL REPORT VOLUME III SECTOR REPORT August 2008 RECS International Inc. Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. Currency Equivalents (average Interbank rates as of January 6, 2008) US$1.00=KZT 122.200 US$1.00=JPY 108.652 JPY 1=KZT 1.12570 Source: OANDA.COM, http://www.oanda.com. Master Plan Study on Integrated Regional Development for Mangistau Oblast in the Republic of Kazakhstan Final Report Volume III. Sector Report Table of Contents Chapter 1 Population and Social Conditions.......................................................................................1 1.1 Population and Employment.....................................................................................................1 1.1.1 Population ....................................................................................................................1 1.1.2 Employment.................................................................................................................2 1.2 Health........................................................................................................................................4 1.2.1 Health conditions .........................................................................................................4 1.2.2 Health facilities ............................................................................................................6 1.2.3 Ongoing efforts ............................................................................................................6 1.3 Education and Training .............................................................................................................6 1.3.1 Education system .........................................................................................................6 1.3.2 Literacy rate and school attendance rate ......................................................................7 1.3.3 Education facilities.......................................................................................................8 1.3.4 Vocational education at lyceums..................................................................................8 1.3.5 Higher education..........................................................................................................9 1.4 Issues in Social Sector of Mangistau ........................................................................................9 Chapter 2 Economy...........................................................................................................................11 2.1 Regional Economic Structure..................................................................................................11 2.1.1 GRDP growth and structure in recent years...............................................................11 2.1.2 Productivity and wages ..............................................................................................11 2.1.3 Industry linkages........................................................................................................12 2.2 Agriculture and Agro-industries..............................................................................................13 2.2.1 Agricultural land use and land holdings.....................................................................13 2.2.2 Production by farm type and profitability..................................................................14 2.2.3 Employment and value added ....................................................................................14 2.2.4 Production prospects..................................................................................................17 2.2.5 Input distribution and marketing................................................................................18 2.2.6 Agro-industries...........................................................................................................19 2.3 Industry ...................................................................................................................................21 2.3.1 Industrial production structure ...................................................................................21 2.3.2 Mining........................................................................................................................21 2.3.3 Manufacturing............................................................................................................22 2.3.4 Utilities.......................................................................................................................23 2.4 Services ...................................................................................................................................24 2.5 Tourism ...................................................................................................................................24 2.5.1 Overview....................................................................................................................24 2.5.2 Major tourist destinations in Mangistau Oblast .........................................................25 2.5.3 Visitor arrivals............................................................................................................26 2.5.4 Tourism industry ........................................................................................................26 2.5.5 Existing tourism development plan............................................................................27 2.5.6 Other movements .......................................................................................................28 Chapter 3 Transportation...................................................................................................................29 3.1 Transport Sector Policies and Institutions...............................................................................29 3.1.1 Transport sector policies, strategy and institutions ....................................................29 3.1.2 Transport strategy, programs and institutions in Mangistau Oblast...........................30 3.2 Existing Transport Conditions in Mangistau Oblast ...............................................................31 3.2.1 Transport modal split .................................................................................................31 3.2.2 Road network .............................................................................................................31 3.2.3 Vehicle registration and ownership ............................................................................33 3.2.4 Road transport facilities .............................................................................................34 3.2.5 Railway transport .......................................................................................................35 3.2.6 Air transport ...............................................................................................................36 -i- Master Plan Study on Integrated Regional Development for Mangistau Oblast in the Republic of Kazakhstan Final Report Volume III. Sector Report 3.2.7 Sea transportation.......................................................................................................37 3.3 Maintenance of Transport Infrastructure.................................................................................41 3.3.1 Maintenance needs.....................................................................................................41 3.3.2 Road finance ..............................................................................................................42 3.3.3 Problems with maintenance and management ...........................................................42 3.4 Issues on Transport Development in Mangistau Oblast..........................................................42 3.4.1 Artery road network...................................................................................................42 3.4.2 Rail and sea transport, and rail and motor road links.................................................43 3.4.3 Enhancement of transport capacity for oil .................................................................43 3.4.4 Aktau international airport.........................................................................................43 3.4.5 Access to rural areas ..................................................................................................43 3.4.6 Urban road system .....................................................................................................43 Chapter 4 Water Supply and Sewerage .............................................................................................44 4.1 Water-related Policies and Institutions....................................................................................44 4.1.1 Water related organizations........................................................................................44 4.1.2 Water related policies and programs ..........................................................................44 4.1.3 Water and sewerage tariffs .........................................................................................45 4.1.4 Water supply management .........................................................................................45