This PDF is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Licence. Further details regarding permitted usage can be found at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Print and ebook editions of this work are available to purchase from Zed Books (zedbooks.net). A frica Now Africa Now is published by Zed Books in association with the internationally respected Nordic Africa Institute. Featuring high-quality, cutting-edge research from leading academics, the series addresses the big issues confronting Africa today. Accessible but in-depth, and wide-ranging in its scope, Africa Now engages with the critical political, economic, sociological and development debates affecting the continent, shedding new light on pressing concerns. Nordic Africa Institute The Nordic Africa Institute (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet) is a centre for research, documentation and information on modern Africa. Based in Uppsala, Sweden, the Institute is dedicated to providing timely, critical and alternative research and analysis of Africa and to cooperation with African researchers. As a hub and a meeting place for a growing field of research and analysis, the Institute strives to put knowledge of African issues within reach for scholars, policy-makers, politicians, media, students and the general public. www.nai.uu.se Forthcoming titles Laura Stark and Annika Teppo (eds), Power and Inequality in Urban Africa Titles already published Fantu Cheru and Cyril Obi (eds), The Rise of China and India in Africa Ilda Lindell (ed.), Africa’s Informal Workers Iman Hashim and Dorte Thorsen, Child Migration in Africa Prosper B. Matondi, Kjell Havnevik and Atakilte Beyene (eds), Biofuels, Land Grabbing and Food Security in Africa Cyril Obi and Siri Aas Rustad (eds), Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta Mats Utas (ed.), African Conflicts and Informal Power Prosper B. 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Murunga, Duncan Okello and Anders Sjögren (eds), Kenya: The Struggle for a New Constitutional Order Lisa Åkesson and Maria Eriksson Baaz (eds), Africa’s Return Migrants Thiven Reddy, South Africa: Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy Cedric de Coning, Linnéa Gelot and John Karlsrud (eds), The Future of African Peace Operations Tobias Hagmann and Filip Reyntjens (eds), Aid and Authoritarianism in Africa Henning Melber, The Rise of Africa’s Middle Class Anders Themnér (ed.), Warlord Democrats in Africa Paul Higate and Mats Utas (eds), Private Security in Africa Mimmi Söderberg Kovacs and Jesper Bjarnesen, Violence in African Elections About the editor Atakilte Beyene is a Senior Researcher at the Nordic Africa Institute. His expertise lies in rural development studies with research interests covering the following topics – agrarian change, rural economy, rural livelihood systems, rural–urban linkages, poverty and food security dynamics, governance and property rights of natural resources, and smallholder agricultural systems. Beyene has led and worked on many interdisciplinary research projects and networks in the Nordic and African countries, and conducted extensive field studies in Ethiopia and Tanzania. He has experiences in teaching and coordination of international MSc program in Integrated Water Resources Management. Agricultural Transformation in Ethiopia State Policy and Smallholder Farming edited by Atakilte Beyene Agricultural Transformation in Ethiopia: State Policy and Smallholder Farming was first published in association with the Nordic Africa Institute, PO Box 1703, SE-751 47 Uppsala, Sweden in 2018 by Zed Books Ltd, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way, London SE11 5RR, UK www.zedbooks.net www.nai.uu.se Editorial Copyright © Atakilte Beyene 2018 Copyright in this Collection © Zed Books 2018 The right of Atakilte Beyene to be identified as the editor of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 Typeset in Minion Pro by seagulls.net Index by Rohan Bolton Cover design by Alice Marwick Cover photo © Sven Torfinn/Panos All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of Zed Books Ltd A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑219‑2 hb ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑218‑5 pb ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑220‑8 pdf ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑221‑5 epub ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑222‑2 mobi Contents Acknowledgements | ix Note on reference citations of Ethiopian authors | x Contributor biographies | xi List of abbreviations | xiv List of tables and figures | xvi State policies and questions of agrarian transformation . 1 atakilte beyene 1 Agricultural input supply and output marketing systems . .23 fentahun tesafa 2 Agricultural investment alternatives and the smallholder . .45 farming sector kassa teshagera alemu 3 Large-scale canal irrigation management by smallholder farmers . .63 atakilte beyene 4 Determinants of climate-resilient agricultural practices among . .80 smallholder farmers nigussie abadi and girmay tesfay 5 Sociocultural dimensions of food: the case of teff . 100 gedef abawa 6 The impact of malaria epidemics on agricultural production . 119 in Dembia and Fogera, 1950–2000 fantahun ayele 7 Women farmers’ land rights in the context of constraining . 143 cultural norms mulunesh abebe alebachew 8 Rural transformation through robust land rights . 160 daniel ambaye Concluding remarks . 180 atakilte beyene Index | 186 Acknowledgements The idea for this book took shape in a workshop that was jointly organ- ized by the Nordic Africa Institute and Bahir Dar University in Bahir Dar on 27/28 August 2015. Researchers from Mekelle University, Ethiopia Civil Service University, Abbay Basin Authority, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bergen and the Institute of Law and Land Administra- tion participated in the conference. I want to thank Dr Gedef Abawa, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Bahir Dar University, for being our lead collaborating counterpart. He was generous in providing institutional and practical support for the workshop. I also want to thank Dr Tesfaye Shiferaw, the then Vice-President of Research and Community Service of the Bair Dar University, for his collaboration, including his support in facilitating the field visits we undertook to the different agricultural sites. The theme of the workshop was ‘Transition and Transformation in Small- holder Agriculture in and around Lake Tana Basin’. The discussion we had was very productive and engaging. I want to thank all participants of the workshop. Many of the papers presented in the workshop were further developed into the chapters of this book. The workshop was facilitated by Professor Kjell Havnevik. He read the papers and shared his perspective on African agriculture at the end of the workshop. I also thank Kjell for reading and complementing the introductory chapter. I would like to thank my colleague Associate Professor Terje Oestigaard. Terje’s research engagement in the Tana Basin area and collaboration with the Bahir Dar University were incubators for the book project. I appreciate his support in the initiation of my research in Lake Tana, and the various joint research activities we undertook, including the Bahir Dar Workshop. The journey to publication of this book has been long, but enriching. I hope you appreciate as much as I do the results of our collaboration. Finally, I would like to extend my appreciation to the Nordic Africa Institute for its financial support and Ken Barlow for his active engagement and his flexibility during the course of my editing of the book. ix Note on reference citations of Ethiopian authors In accordance with the Standardization of Ethiopian Names in the Scientific Literature, Ethiopian authors are indicated by their first name in the text. In the reference list, both the first and second names are indicated. This is unless the citation style is specified or indicated otherwise in the source material used, in which case the source is cited as specified. x Contributor Biographies Daniel Ambaye is Assistant Professor of Land Law. He served as Deputy Director of the Institute of Land Administration (ILA) of Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. He teaches land law in the postgraduate programmes of both the Institute of Land Administration at Bahir Dar University and at the School of Law of Addis Ababa University. He is the author of several articles and books, including Ethiopian Land Law. Fantahun Ayele is Assistant Professor of History at Bahir Dar University. He holds a PhD (Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia) and Postgraduate Diploma in Management (Open University, UK). He has worked as a planning officer and served as Vice-President for Information and Strategic Communication of Bahir Dar University. He won a postdoctoral fellowship and stayed at North- Western University, USA, for nine months in 2011/12. Currently he is teaching and undertaking research at Bahir Dar University. Fentahun Tesafa is