COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Combating Marine Plastic Debris Through National Plan of Actions – Indonesian Approach Dr. Nani Hendiarti Director of Maritime Science & Technology Beyond Plastic Pollution Pathways to Cleaner Oceans Conference Dockside, Cockle Bay, Oct. 30th – Nov. 1st , 2017 Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia 1 Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs I N D O N E S I A Republic of Indonesia 1. Largest archipelagic state in the world, with more than 17.000 islands 2. 6 million square km of waters, more than 91.000 km of coastal lines 3. Three time zones 4. 10 neighboring countries 5. Home of 23 % of global mangroves 6. Home of 30.000 km2 Seagrass 7. Home of 75% of all known marine life 8. Critical Choke Points for global navigations Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs C H A L L E N G E S Republic of Indonesia 1. Fight Poachers 2. Armed Robbers at Sea, 3. Hijackers at Sea 4. Slavery at Sea, 5. People Trafficking at Sea, 6. Mitigating Climate Change Effect, 7. Governmental Services to Remote Islands 8. Health of the Ocean Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs CHALLENGES: Health of the Ocean Republic of Indonesia OIL SPILL SLUDGE OIL OIL POLLUTION FROM FIXED PLATFORM MARINE LITTER Coordinating Ministry Marine Plastic Debris – for Maritime Affairs CONSEQUENCIES Republic of Indonesia TOURISM: Marine plastic debris are invading more and more tourism and coastal ENVIRONMENT AND MARINE LIFE : Millions of marine life are threatened by marine plastic debris HUMAN HEALTH: More than one third of sampled commercial fish have been found consuming plastic or microplastic Coordinating Ministry Coelacanth, ancient fish live in for Maritime Affairs Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia Republic of Indonesia Source: Youtube 2015 The living fossil “coelacanth: captured by fisherman, found consuming snack plastic wrap, captured in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi (Newspaper, Tribun Manado, may 24th, 2012) Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs COMMITMENT Republic of Indonesia Indonesia is to reduce wastes through reduce-reuse-recycle up to 30% until 2025, while targeting reduction of marine plastic debris as much as 70% by 2025 President Joko Widodo, at the Leaders Retreat, G20 Summit, Hamburg-Germany, Friday July 7th, 2017 Coordinating Ministry WHAT HAVE BEEN DONE for Maritime Affairs Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs ACTIONS TAKEN Republic of Indonesia Presidential Decree, No.16 of The Government of the Republic of Indonesia 2017 on INDONESIAN OCEAN E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y POLICY, February 2017 2017-2025 Established National Plan of Action on Marine Plastic Debris (2017-2025), May 2017 Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION Republic of Indonesia The Government of the Republic of Indonesia 1 Behavioral Change E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y 2 Reduced Land-based Leakage2017-2025 3 Reduced Sea-based Leakage 4 Enhanced Law Enforcement and R&D Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs 1. PROMOTING BEHAVIORAL CHANGE Republic of Indonesia • Educating Youths • Increasing Stakeholder Awareness • Instigating Intergovernmental Collaborations • Promoting Cross Sector Collaborations • Engaging Citizens in Clean-Up Actions Coordinating Ministry Campaign on Combating for Maritime Affairs Marine Plastic Debris Republic of Indonesia Attended by more than 200 high school , college students and communities at @America, JAKARTA Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Coordinated Clean-Up Actions Republic of Indonesia CMMA – Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs **More than 2000 communities has been MOMAF – Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries recorded taking parts in the movement, MOT – Ministry of Tourism including the Indonesian Youth MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forestry Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Solid Waste Management Republic of Indonesia Key Finding: Of the surveyed cities, reasons for the high rates of uncollected waste include illegal dumping, burning, recycling and active use of waste banks as well as undocumented leakage into waterways, which was common across all cities surveyed. Coordinating Ministry Waterway Waste Composition for Maritime Affairs (Average For Hotspots Sampled) Republic of Indonesia Key Findings: Findings from this assessment show that the plastics content is double these earlier estimates with an average plastics composition in city waste streams of upwards of 31%. The most prevalent type of plastics found in the samples are plastic bags, at an average across all cities of 16%. Important to note that as much as 21% of waste content was COORDINATING MINISTRY comprised of disposable diapers, which in FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS and of itself has plastics components. REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Coordinating Ministry Waste Management Infrastructure – for Maritime Affairs Waste Banks Republic of Indonesia What are Waste Banks? Decentralized waste banks, trash banks, garbage banks or Bank Sampah as they are called in Indonesia are a new convincing concept for waste management. The Ministry of Environment of Indonesia promotes Waste Banks as a strategic program. Per the ministry, the positive impacts of the waste bank development program is inseparable from the participation of people, especially at the grassroots level. Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs 2. REDUCING LAND-BASED LEAKAGE Republic of Indonesia JAKARTA CLEAN-UP ACTION • Land-based (households, streets, etc.) plastic waste carried out into the sea through canals • Hazardous to marine life, marine ecosystem and human wellbeing Cilincing - North Jakarta, May 4th, 2017 Coordinating Ministry th for Maritime Affairs Cilincing Canal Clean-Up, May 6 , 2017 Republic of Indonesia Minister Luhut Pandjaitan leads the Canal Clean Ups Supported by foreign embassies (USA, Danish, Belgium, S. Korea) Coordinating Ministry CILINCING (JAKARTA) CANAL CLEAN-UP for Maritime Affairs May 2017 Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry Cilincing Canal Clean-up, for Maritime Affairs before & 6 weeks later Republic of Indonesia BEFORE – May 5th, 2017 AFTER –Update:UPDATEJuly 3rd, August,2017– August, 2017 2017 Coordinating Ministry Integrated Waste Management – for Maritime Affairs Surabaya, East Java Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs 3. REDUCING SEA-BASED LEAKAGE Republic of Indonesia BEACH CLEAN-UPS PORT CLEAN-UP PORT AREAS • Garbage comes from many places • Need Bilateral and Regional Collaborations • Relevant Technology for Monitoring and Collecting Plastic Debris from the Ocean Coordinating Ministry Marine Debris Clean Up for Maritime Affairs in Makassar Coastal Waters Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry 4. LAW ENFORCEMENT, FUNDING MECHANISM, for Maritime Affairs R & D, INSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT Republic of Indonesia • Introducing Paid Plastic Bags • Encouraging Manufacturers to Use Recycled Plastics as Input Materials as much as possible • Producing More Biodegradable Plastics from Cassava, Seaweed and Palm Oil • Developing Plastic-Tar Roads (Started in June 2017) • Pursuing Waste to Energy Solution Coordinating Ministry Alliance for Marine Plastic Solutions (AMPS) for Maritime Affairs Forum & Stakeholders – Circular Economy Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry Alliance for Marine Plastic Solutions (AMPS) for Maritime Affairs Forum & Stakeholders – Circular Economy Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry Manufacturers Using Recyclable as for Maritime Affairs Inputs Materials Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry Manufacturers Using Recyclable as for Maritime Affairs Inputs Materials Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Biodegradable Plastics Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Biodegradable Plastics Republic of Indonesia Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Plastic-Tar Roads Republic of Indonesia Collaboration with TCE India • Reduced plastic waste; 6-8% of plastic waste in the asphalt mixed; • Production costs can save up to 10%; Durability and stability of the roads increased 40% of trials in Denpasar-Bali and Bekasi-Jakarta. PLASTIC-TAR ROADS Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs (Plastic Bags to Asphalt Mix) Republic of Indonesia Final Landfill Chopped Collectors plastic waste NON ORGANIC Regional Roads Organic Hazar- Others Plastic dous Community-Based Waste Bank Grinder Intermediate Plastic-Tar Landfill Processing 3R 3R National Roads Collectors Sources Sorting Processing Product Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs C O N C L U S I O N S Republic of Indonesia What have been done • Education and Campaign • Various Actions • Collaborations and R&D’s National Plan of Actions By 2025: for Marine Plastic • 30% reduction through 3R Debris Management • 70% reduction of MPD B2B, G2G, PPP, R&D, NGOs, Indonesia Open to Community based, etc. Collaborations Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Republic of Indonesia Indonesia Pavilion is located in BONN ZONE Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs WE need to fight this problem with passion, and care to ourRepublicoceans of Indonesiathat have given us so much. Lets get rid of this problem because WE CAN and WE CARE THANK YOU COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.