International Association of Yoga Therapists IAYT Executive Director Gary Kraftsow, MA, American Viniyoga Institute, John Kepner, MA, MBA Oakland, CA Judith Hanson Lasater, PhD, PT, San Francisco, CA IAYT Board of Directors Michael Lee, Phoenix Rising Yoga Therapy, Eleanor Criswell, EdD, President Great Barrington, MA Molly Lannon Kenny, MS-CCC, Vice President Richard Miller, PhD, Integrative Restoration Institute Matra Raj, OTR, TYC, Treasurer (iRest), Larkspur, CA Bidyut Bose, PhD Larry Payne, PhD, Yoga Therapy Rx and Bob Butera, MDiv, PhD, E-RYT Samata International, Los Angeles, CA Ellen Fein, LCSW, RYT-500 Sonia Nelson, Antaranga Yoga/Vedic Chant Center, Susan Gould-Fogerite, PhD Santa Fe, NM Dilip Sarkar, MD, FACS, D.Ayur Robin Rothenberg, Essential Yoga Therapy, Seattle, WA Mukunda Tom Stiles, Structural Yoga Therapy, IAYT Cofounders Novato, CA Richard C. Miller, PhD Matthew J. Taylor, PT, PhD, Matthew J. Taylor Institute, Larry Payne, PhD Scottsdale, AZ Richard Usatine, MD, University of Texas, IAYT Advisory Council, United States Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX Scott Virden Anderson, MD, Yoga Science Foundation, Lisa Walford, Yoga Works, Santa Monica, CA Ukiah, CA Amy Weintraub, JFA, E-RYT 500, LifeForce Yoga, Miriam Cameron, PhD, RN, Center for Spirituality and Tucson, AZ Healing, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Wynn Werner, National Ayurvedic Medical Association, Minneapolis, MN and the Ayurvedic Institute, Albuquerque, NM Jnani Chapman, RN, BSN, CMT, YCat Yoga Therapy in Veronica Zador, E-RYT 500, Past President, IAYT, Cancer and Chronic Illness, San Francisco, CA Yoga Developments, Los Angeles, CA Stephen Cope, Kripalu Center for Yoga and Health, Lenox, MA IAYT Advisory Council, International Paul Copeland, MS, DO, Healing Pathways, Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani, MBBS, ADY, ICYER, Sacramento, CA International Centre for Yoga Education and Research, Julie Deife, Corrales, NM Pondicherry, India Carrie Demers, MD, Center for Health and Healing, Leigh Blaski, Australian Institute of Yoga, Himalayan Institute, Honesdale, PA Gembook, Australia Nischala Joy Devi, Abundant WellBeing, Phoenix, AZ Kausthub Desikachar, PhD, Krishnamacharya Healing Staffan Elgelid, PhD, PT, CFT, Nazareth College, & Yoga, Foundation, Chennai, India Rochester, NY Ruth Gilmore, PhD, Yoga Biomedical Trust, Loren Fishman, MD, Mahattan Physical Medicine & Yoga Fellowship of N. Ireland, Belfast, UK Rehabilitation, New York, NY Susi Hately, Calgary, Canada Lilias Folan, Cincinnati, OH Joseph Le Page, MA, Integrative Yoga Therapy, Bo Forbes, PsyD, E-RYT 500, Elemental Yoga & Enchanted Mountain Yoga Center, Garopaba, Integrative Yoga Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA SC, Brazil Patricia Hansen, MA, Denver, CO Ganesh Mohan, MD, BAAS, Svastha Yoga & Ayurveda, Leslie Kaminoff, The Breathing Project, New York, NY Chennai, India Shanti Shanti Kaur Khalsa, PhD, Guru Ram Dass Center, Daya Mullins, PhD, MSC, Weg der Mitte, European Espanola, NM College for Yoga and Therapy, Berlin, Germany Hansa Knox, E-RYT 500, LMT, Prana Yoga and Remo Rittiner, AyurYoga Center, Zurich, Switzerland Ayurveda Mandala, Denver, CO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF YOGA THERAPY – No. 22 (2012) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF YOGA THERAPY – No. 22 (2012) 1 Contents Editorial by B. Grace Bullock, PhD, E-RYT 200, RYT-500 .............................................................................................. 3 Research Bridging Yoga Therapy and Scientific Research. Marshall Hagins, PT, PhD, Sat Bir S. Khalsa, PhD ............................... 5 Yoga Therapy and the Group Effect: Bridging Individual and Group-Level Research. ...................................................... 7 Esther Wyss-Flamm, PhD, RYT Psychological Well-Being, Health Behaviors, and Weight Loss Among Participants in a Residential, ............................... 9 Kripalu Yoga-Based Weight Loss Program. Tosca D. Braun, BA, Crystal L. Park, PhD, Lisa Ann Conboy, MA, MS, ScD A Responder Analysis of the Effects of Yoga for Individuals With COPD: Who Benefits and How? ...............................23 DorAnne Donesky, PhD, RN, Michelle Melendez, Huong Q. Nguyen, PhD, RN, Virginia Carrieri-Kohlman, DNSc, RN Pain Uncertainty in Patients with Fibromyalgia, Yoga Practitioners, and Healthy Volunteers. ......................................... 37 David H. Bradshaw, PhD, Gary W. Donaldson, PhD, Akiko Okifuji, PhD Respiratory, Physical, and Psychological Benefits of Breath-Focused Yoga for Adults ....................................................... 47 with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A Brief Pilot Study Report. Colin Silverthorne, PhD, Sat Bir S. Khalsa, PhD, Robin Gueth, E-RYT 500, Nicole DeAvilla, E-RYT 500, Janie Pansini, RN, MS, CS, PNP Gentle Hatha Yoga and Reduction of Fibromyalgia-Related Symptoms: A Preliminary Report. ...................................... 53 Lisa Rudrud, EdD Issues in Yoga Therapy Bridging the Practices of Yoga Therapy and Behavioral Health Service Delivery for Adolescents. .................................... 59 Michelle Walsh, MA, LMHC, LPC Clinical Group Supervision in Yoga Therapy: Model, Effects, and Lessons Learned. ....................................................... 61 Bo Forbes, PsyD, E-RYT 500, Cassandra Volpe Horii, PhD, RYT-200, Bethany Earls, RYT-500, Stephanie Mashek, RYT-500, Fiona Akhtar, RYT-200 The Use of Yoga in Specialized VA PTSD Treatment Programs. Daniel J. Libby, PhD, RYT, ..........................................79 Felice Reddy, MA, Corey E. Pilver, PhD, Rani A. Desai, PhD, MPH Bridging Yoga Therapy and Personal Practice: The Power of Sadhana. Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani, MBBS, ADY ......... 89 Yoga Therapy in Practice Building Bridges for Yoga Therapy Research: The Aetna, Inc., Mind–Body Pilot Study on Chronic and ........................ 91 High Stress. Catherine Kusnick, MD, Gary Kraftsow, MA, E-RYT 500, Mary Hilliker, RD, E-RYT 500, CYT Creating a Biopsychosocial Bridge of Care: Linking Yoga Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation. ......................................93 Matthew Taylor, PT, PhD, E-RYT 500 Yoga and Quality-of-Life Improvement in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Literature Review. ......................................... 95 Alison Spatz Levine, BA, Judith L Balk, MD, MPH Yoga in the Schools: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Michelle L. Serwacki, BA, .................................................101 Catherine Cook-Cottone, PhD, RYT YogaHome: Teaching and Research Challenges in a Yoga Program with Homeless Adults. ............................................ 111 Jennifer Davis-Berman, PhD, Jean Farkas, MA 2 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF YOGA THERAPY – No. 22 (2012) IAYT Recognizes the Following Sponsors, to Date, for the 2013 SYR & SYTAR Conferences Diamond Sponsor Gold Sponsor Gold Sponsor Silver Sponsors Silver Sponsors INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF YOGA THERAPY – No. 22 (2012) 3 Editorial Crossing the Divide: Realizing the Power of Partnership B. Grace Marie Bullock, PhD, E-RYT 200, RYT-500 Editor in Chief For years I have worn a There are many bridges to construct and countless leather band on my wrist that opportunities for each of us to participate. Perhaps the most reads, “Be the Change.” It is a important task in this effort involves communication, with constant reminder to embody yoga professionals making a concerted effort to learn the the change I want to see in the language of science and modern healthcare, and vice versa. world by engaging in service Michelle Walsh and Kusnick, Kraftsow, and Hilliker offer and collaborative part n e r s h i p two exceptional examples of the power of partnership and and approaching each person successful collaborations that built on shared vision and and task with compassion, lov- communication strategies and translated yoga traditions ing kindness, and equanimity. into pragmatic concepts for researchers, healthcare profes- When I received the honor of sionals, and administrators. becoming the new editor in Consider examining ways in which you can uniquely chief of the International Journal of Yoga Therapy, I was com- contribute to this evolution. What skills can you offer, and pelled to examine how to transform this personal intention where can you realize personal and professional growth? Do into practice for the good of the yoga community. you have ideological biases that prevent you from cultivat- As I stand on the precipice gazing out at the remarkable ing relationships with those whose skills and expertise are legacy of my predecessor, Kelly McGonigal, and the vast different from yours? If you have ever tried standing relaxed accomplishments of the IAYT leaders and community, I can with your eyes closed and your feet rooted into the ground, clearly see that the field of yoga therapy is poised to change you will observe that your body engages in continuous healthcare service delivery in ways that we could only dream micro-movement to allow for the dynamic shifts of the of a decade ago. Yoga therapists, teachers, researchers, earth. If you stand rigidly, you will inevitably fall over. If we healthcare practitioners, and students have experienced the remain entrenched in our personal or professional dogma, power of the practice, yet as a field we have yet to fully real- we miss the rich opportunity to move in synchrony with ize the potential of partnership. those who are dedicated to serving others. This issue is dedicated to building bridges, to examin- As you observe the personal and professional vistas before ing the beliefs that limit our ability to construct meaningful you, I encourage