Astronomical News Raymond Wilson Honoured with Two Prestigious Prizes Jeremy Walsh1 1 ESO Ray Wilson, who retired from ESO in 1993, was awarded two prestigious prizes in September 2010 for his out­ standing work on telescope optics: the Kavli Prize in the field of astrophysics and the Tycho Brahe Prize 2010 of the European Astronomical Society. Announced in June 2010, and awarded in Stockholm in September, the million­ dollar Kavli Prizes were awarded to eight scientists “whose discoveries have dramatically expanded human under­ standing in the fields of astrophysics, nano science and neuroscience” (see the Kavli press release1). The Kavli prize is awarded by the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Kavli Foundation and the Norwegian Ministry of Educa- tion and Research. The Kavli Foundation VLT and the 42-metre ELT: the develop­ Figure 1. Ray Wilson receiving the Tycho Brahe prize is funded by Fred Kavli, the Norwegian ment of active optics as the basis of from the president of the EAS at the JENAM meeting in Lisbon, Portugal. entrepreneur and philanthropist who later all modern telescope optics”. Figure 1 founded the Kavlico Corporation in shows Ray receiving the Tycho Brahe the US — today one of the world’s largest prize from the retiring president of the During his last years at ESO he began suppliers of sensors for aeronautical, EAS, Joachim Krautter. work on his magnum opus, the two­vol­ automotive and industrial applications. ume work Reflecting Telescope Optics, There were three recipients in astro­ Ray Wilson, who was born in England published by Springer 5. Volume I: Basic physics, all acclaimed for their work on and educated at Birmingham University Design Theory and Its Historical Develop- the development of giant optical tele­ and Imperial College London, arrived at ment, first appeared in 1996, and Volume scopes2 — Roger Angel of the University ESO in 1972 from Zeiss at Oberkochen, II: Manufacture, Testing, Alignment, Mod- of Arizona, Tucson, attached to Steward Germany where he had been head of the ern Techniques followed in 1999. Both Observatory; Jerry Nelson of the Uni- Optical Design Department for Astro­ are currently in their second edition and versity of California, Santa Cruz and long nomical and Analytical Instruments. At Ray is working on updates for the third associated with the Keck Observatory; ESO, first in Geneva and then in Garching, editions. Ray has also been honoured by and Ray Wilson. The photograph on he was the first head of the ESO Optics a number of other prizes, including the the facing page (upper) shows the three and Telescopes Group. The revolutionary Karl Schwarzschild Medal of the German prize winners at the prize award cere­ active optics of the 3.58-metre NTT, in- Astronomical Society, an appointment as mony in Oslo. spired by two years of work at the La Silla Chevalier of the French Légion d’Honneur Observatory, was the crowning achieve­ and the Prix Lallemand of the French The Tycho Brahe Prize of the European ment of Ray’s work at ESO. This success­ Academy of Sciences. Astronomical Society (EAS) is awarded ful concept, where both the alignment of annually in recognition of the develop­ the optical elements as well as the shape ment or exploitation of European instru­ of the flexible primary mirror are con­ Links ments, or major discoveries based large-­ trolled in a closed loop based on the 1 The Kavli Prize: http://www.kavlifoundation.org/ ly on such instruments. The prize is measurements of a wavefront sensor, kavli­prize sponsored by the Klaus–Tschira founda­ was then also used for the VLT 8.2­metre 2 Announcement of Kavli Prize for astrophysics: tion, based in Heidelberg, Germany. An- telescopes. In addition, Ray contributed http://www.kavlifoundation.org/2010­astrophysics­ nounced in April, Ray received the prize to telescope designs with more than citation 3 ESO announcement of Kavli Prize: at the JENAM meeting in Lisbon, Portu­ two powered mirrors, which are now http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1022/ gal (see the article by Sandu and Chris­ being explored for the next generation of 4 Announcement of Tycho Brahe Prize: tensen, p. 42) and, at the plenary session extremely large telescopes, such as http://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ on 10 September 2010, he delivered a the European Extremely Large Telescope ann1018/ 5 Wilson, R. N. 2004, Reflecting Telescope Optics, lecture entitled “From the ESO NTT to the (E-ELT) project. Volumes I and II, 2nd edition, (Heidelberg: Springer) The Messenger 142 – December 2010 41.