A POLITICAL SCENARIO OF KAHROR PACCA: 1988 – 1999 Research Thesis for M.Phil History Session 2011-2013 Researcher: Supervisor Ahmad Ali Dr. AFtab Hussain Gillani Roll No. 08 Assistant Professor History Department The Islamia University of Bahawalpur v INDEX Serial. No. Content Page No. Chapter: 1 Significance of Kahror Pacca 1-32 1 Etymology 2 2 Historical significance of Kahror Pacca 3 3 Egyptian period and history of Kahror Pacca 4 4 Sikandar-e-Azam and Kahror 4 5 Kahror in Bikarmajeet era 4 6 Hun family and Kahror 5 7 Regime of Raja Chuch and Kahror 6 8 Arrival of Mohammad bin Qasim in Lodhran (Kahror) 7 9 Reign of Salateen and situation of Kahror Pacca 9 10 Ibne Batuta and Kahror Pacca 10 11 Kahror Pacca in the Regime of Langah family 11 12 Sher Shas’s rule and Kahror 13 13 Mughal empire and Kahror Pacca 14 14 Natural Kingdom Bahawalpur and Kahror Pacca 17 15 Sikh Govt. and status of Kahror Pacca 18 16 British period and standing of Kahror Pacca 19 17 Geographical significance of Kahror Pacca 21 18 Cultural significance of Kahror Pacca 24 19 Economic significance of Kahror Pacca 24 20 Educational and Religious significance of Kahror Pacca 25 21 Mandar Gosaeenlal Das 29 22 Mandar Sanatan Dharam 29 23 Joge Maya temple 30 24 Ranchor temple 30 25 Political significance of Kahror Pacca 30 26 Notable political personalities 31 Chapter: 2 Political parties and families of Kahror Pacca 33-100 27 What is political party? 33 28 Political parties of Kahror Pacca 35 vi Serial. No. Content Page No. 29 Majlis Ahrar-e-Islam 36 30 Pakistan Muslim League 38 31 Jamaat Islami 40 32 Pakistan People's Party 43 33 Tahreek-e-Istaqlal 46 34 Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan 47 35 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam 48 36 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Fazal-ur-Rahman group) 48 37 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Darkhwasti group) 49 38 Pakistan Tahreek e Insaf 49 39 Insaf Students Federation 51 40 Political families and personalities of Kahror Pacca 52 41 Kanju family 53 42 Ameen Khan Kanju 54 43 Mohammad Siddique Khan Kanju 55 44 Khurshid Ahmad Khan Kanju 58 45 Mohammad Akram Khan Kanju 60 46 Noon Rajput family 62 47 Allah Dittah Noon 63 48 Rana Rabnawaz Noon 65 49 Rana Mumtam Ahmad Noon 66 50 Joiya family 68 51 Malik Shah Mohammad Khan Joiya 70 52 Malik Sajjad Hussain Khan Joiya 71 53 Malik Mohammad Aslam Khan Joiya 73 54 Mirza (Mughal Choghta) family 76 55 Mirza Mohammad Nasir Baig 77 56 Nawab (Qaim Khawani) family 81 57 Nawab Zafar Ullah Khan 82 58 Nawab Aman Ullah Khan 84 59 Sadat Qufali (Rizvi) family 86 vii Serial No. Content Page No. 60 Brigadier Sayd Ali Shah Rizvi 87 61 Syed Nasir Ali Shah Rizvi 88 62 Some other political families 90 63 Langah family 90 64 Taj Mohammad Khan Langah 91 65 Sheikh Siddiqui family 94 66 Sheikh Mohammad Sadiq 95 67 Abbasi family 96 68 Mahmood-ul-Hasan Abbasi 98 Chapter: 3 Political scenario of Kahror Pacca from 1988 to 1999 101-133 69 Political background of Kahror Pacca before 1988 101 70 General election 1970 and Kahror Pacca 102 71 General election 1977 and Kahror Pacca 103 72 General election 1985 105 73 Pakistan general election 1988 106 74 Background 106 75 Election campaign and political activities in Kahror 107 76 Overall party position in election 1988 110 77 Party position in Kahror Pacca 111 78 Pakistan general election 1990 114 79 Background 114 80 Election campaign in Kahror Pacca 115 81 Overall party position 118 82 Party position in Kahror Pacca 118 83 Pakistan general election 1993 121 84 Background 121 85 Campaign and political activities in Kahror Pacca 122 86 Overall party results 123 87 Party position in Kahror Pacca 125 88 General election 1997 127 89 Background 127 90 Election campaign in Kahror Pacca 128 viii Serial No. Content Page No. 91 Overall party position 130 92 Party position in Kahror Pacca 131 Chapter: 4 Role of elected representatives of Kahror Pacca 134-147 93 Background 134 94 Elected representatives of Kahror and its problems 136 95 Developmental progress in Kahror Pacca 137 96 Miserable condition of education department 139 97 Depressed condition of health department 144 98 Poor economic condition of Kahror Pacca 145 99 Conclusive remarks on politics of Kahror Pacca 148-150 100 Appendix and Bibliography 151-153 101 Appendix I 151 102 Appendix II 152 103 Appendix III 153 104 Interviews 154-155 105 Print Media (Journals) 155 106 Newspapers 156 107 Electronic Media 156 108 Social Media 157 109 Bibliography 158-162 ix PREAMBLE Kahror Pacca is an ancient and historical city. Sometimes history of any ancient city encloses in such strong layers of past and mysteries that the suspicion also becomes stranger to unravel the knot of these mysteries. To irrespective of these matters that which nations brought up in the lap of Kahror Pacca? How many afflicted and pleasant events occurred in the vein of pain and sorrow, peace and war, malice and obstinacy, jollity and gaiety? How many figures happened here in the form of devastates and triumphs skirmish and levy? It is very interesting issue to locate and reach to all these facts. Similarly, in the perspective of this fact that a high-quality civilization formulates from the lofty traditions, it is also a great expedition to study and act upon the customs of our ancestors. In short; literature, religion, culture, arts, politics and even every field of life is affected by traditions. A man cannot over come to any difficulty of life until ancient records of history are not present to him. It is less observed that any person of society has succeeded in the divergence of life to defend himself from the traditions. On the one hand, from the glorious horizon of East to the valleys of West and from frozen storms to cold residences on the other hand, the radiant jewels of traditions are shining on the face of history. Every nation has its own traditions and wanted to boast of it. After the art of historiography, incidents and circumstances can be arranged by various historical books and expeditions. But in historical perspective of Kahror Pacca it can be amazingly and incredibly relate that no proper effort was done on political sphere Kahror Pacca by any historian or erudite. Due to this slackness, the historical and political majesty of Kahror Pacca has become restricted to the old traditions. But unfortunately we have not been successful at nation-building because we failed miserably at state-building. A desperate people cannot be made into a solid and unified community if the governments which apparently represent their interests are themselves riddled with contradictions and ill intentions. Consequently, in nearly half a century of our existence we could not create a Pakistani nation. Our rulers are as much responsible for the suppression and distortion of the political process as for the loss of that sense of belonging essential for the survival of a country. They divided the community. People no longer belong to Pakistan but to a Biradari or a tribe. Their loyalty is to some religious sect and they think only in terms of themselves and their x families. We see greater benefits by being Pathans, Sindhis, Balochis, Punjabis and Mohajirs, rather than being respectable Pakistanis. Kahror Pacca also has to face such community system as Kanju, Noon, Joiya, Nawab and Mirza (Mughal). After passing a long period, Kahror Pacca (being a processor of historical and political significance) is facing many serious problems in the field of education, health, economic, development and some other levels. All problems deal with the political situation of Kahror Pacca. The main theme of this research is to underline the problems and provide assistance to the people so that they could play a part to reform the political system of Kahror Pacca and help the politicians to over come all kinds of problems. It is also the responsibility of political leadership and elected representatives of a country to try their best to provide all above facilities at the gross root level to their people so that all objectives of prosperous nation and country could be obtained. The present research "Political Scenario of Kahror Pacca: 1988-1999" has been designed for the study of political circumstances of Kahror Pacca. Under discussion study will throw light on political history and role of politicians in rise and fall of Kahror Pacca. It is a historical and descriptive research so I have tried to use available primary and secondary sources to asses the role of politicians in protecting the cultural and regional identity of Kahror Pacca. The purpose of this research is to highlight those factors and problems that peoples of Kahror Pacca are bearing from a long period due the selfishness and cunning of the politicians. Because of these problems, mostly useful resources of the region are destroying and progress as well as prosperity of the region has become a golden dream. In this research I have gathered data by using research tools like library based books, articles, internet, journals, magazines and newspapers, record of Election results from the office of ECP (Lodhran) and record of Developmental Projects from D.O. works. Besides this, it is consisted of personal observations, prearranged as well as spontaneous interviews and face to face meetings. In personal observations values, xi traditions and character as well as behavior of politicians have been focused because it is not possible to ask the people about political families' matters and disputes.