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For more information, please contact Nonie Ratcliff U.S. Corporate and Government Sales 1-800-382-3419 [email protected] For sales outside of the U.S., please contact International Sales [email protected] Contents at a Glance Introduction ....................................................................................... 1 1 Introducing the .NET Platform ............................................................. 5 2 Introducing the C# Programming Language ........................................ 55 3 Getting Started with .NET Development Using C# .............................. 103 4 Language Essentials .......................................................................... 175 5 Expressions and Operators ................................................................ 251 6 A Primer on Types and Objects ......................................................... 301 7 Simple Control Flow ........................................................................ 351 8 Basics of Exceptions and Resource Management ................................. 407 9 Introducing Types ............................................................................ 463 10 Methods ......................................................................................... 501 11 Fields, Properties, and Indexers ......................................................... 547 12 Constructors and Finalizers ............................................................... 585 13 Operator Overloading and Conversions ............................................. 609 14 Object-Oriented Programming .......................................................... 649 15 Generic Types and Methods .............................................................. 701 16 Collection Types .............................................................................. 755 17 Delegates ........................................................................................ 789 18 Events ............................................................................................. 843 19 Language Integrated Query Essentials ................................................ 913 20 Language Integrated Query Internals ................................................. 977 21 Reflection ...................................................................................... 1057 22 Dynamic Programming .................................................................. 1119 23 Exceptions .................................................................................... 1175 24 Namespaces ................................................................................... 1221 25 Assemblies and Application Domains .............................................. 1241 26 Base Class Library Essentials ............................................................ 1301 27 Diagnostics and Instrumentation ................................................... 1373 28 Working with I/O .......................................................................... 1399 29 Threading and Synchronization ...................................................... 1443 30 Task Parallelism and Data Parallelism .............................................. 1513 31 Asynchronous Programming ........................................................... 1551 32 Introduction to Windows Runtime .................................................. 1643 Index ............................................................................................ 1671 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Who Should Read This Book? ................................................................... 2 What You Need to Know Before You Read This Book .................................. 2 How This Book Is Organized ..................................................................... 3 1 Introducing the .NET Platform 5 A Historical Perspective ............................................................................ 5 A 10,000-Feet View of the .NET Platform.................................................... 9 The Common Language Infrastructure ..................................................... 12 The Multilanguage Aspect of .NET ........................................................... 15 Introducing .NET Assemblies................................................................... 16 The Common Type System Explained ...................................................... 17 Executing Managed Code ....................................................................... 24 Diving into the Common Language Runtime ........................................... 32 The Base Class Library ............................................................................ 51 Summary .............................................................................................. 54 2 Introducing the C# Programming Language 55 The Evolution of C# ............................................................................... 55 A Sneak Peek at the Future ...................................................................... 95 Summary ............................................................................................. 102 3 Getting Started with .NET Development Using C# 103 Installing the .NET Framework ............................................................... 103 Your First Application: Take One ............................................................ 113 Visual Studio 2012 ................................................................................ 119 Your First Application: Take Two ............................................................ 127 Summary ............................................................................................. 173 4 Language Essentials 175 The Entry Point .................................................................................... 175 Keywords ............................................................................................. 181 A Primer on Types ................................................................................ 184 Built-In Types ....................................................................................... 190 Local Variables...................................................................................... 212 Intermezzo on Comments ..................................................................... 223 Arrays .................................................................................................. 230 Contents v The Null Reference ................................................................................ 239 Nullable Value Types ............................................................................. 243 Summary ............................................................................................. 249 5 Expressions and Operators 251 What Are Expressions? .......................................................................... 251 The Evaluation Stack ............................................................................. 255 Arithmetic Operators ............................................................................. 258 String Concatenation ............................................................................ 269 Shift Operators ..................................................................................... 274 Relational Operators .............................................................................. 275 Logical Operators .................................................................................