Environmental Resource Inventory Borough of Glen Rock ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Members of the Glen Rock ERI Subcommittee: Naomi Gamorra, Glen Rock Environmental Commission Candy Hall, Glen Rock Environmental Commission Robert Dill, Glen Rock Environmental Commission Robert Fenz, Glen Rock Environmental Commission Cindy Mehallow, Glen Rock Environmental Commission Jon Osborne, Glen Rock Planning Board Leslie Kameny, Shade Tree Advisory Committee - AND - Project Consultants: 119 Cherry Hill Road, Suite 200 Parsippany, NJ 07054 http://www.h2m.com Michael Pessolano, PP, AICP, Senior Planner Jessica Giorgianni, PP, AICP, Project Planner Environmental Resource Inventory Borough of Glen Rock CONTENTS SECTION I: OVERVIEW............................................................................................................ 6 THE ERI PROCESS............................................................................................................................ 6 OVERVIEW OF GLEN ROCK.............................................................................................................. 6 BERGEN COUNTY ............................................................................................................................ 9 REGIONAL CONTEXT AND PLANS.................................................................................................. 11 TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE........................................................................................ 13 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................................17 SECTION II: OPEN SPACE ..................................................................................................... 18 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 18 GLEN ROCK’S OPEN SPACE ........................................................................................................... 19 PRESERVING OPEN SPACE ............................................................................................................. 24 COUNCIL ON AFFORDABLE HOUSING (COAH) & OPEN SPACE .................................................... 25 LAND USE/LAND COVER IN GLEN ROCK ...................................................................................... 26 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................................27 SECTION III: GEOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 28 INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS GEOLOGY? .......................................................................................... 28 GLEN ROCK’S LOCATION .............................................................................................................. 28 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS IN GLEN ROCK ............................................................................................ 37 SECTION IV: SOILS ................................................................................................................. 43 INTRODUCTION TO SOILS............................................................................................................... 43 SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM ..................................................................................................... 43 GLEN ROCK SOILS ......................................................................................................................... 44 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................ 48 SECTION V: WATER SUPPLY & PROTECTION ............................................................... 50 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 50 GLEN ROCK’S DRINKING WATER.................................................................................................. 50 WATER SUPPLY WELLS................................................................................................................. 54 GROUND WATER RECHARGE ........................................................................................................ 55 WATER RESTRICTIONS .................................................................................................................. 57 WELL HEAD PROTECTION AREAS ................................................................................................. 57 DRINKING WATER CONTAMINANTS IN GLEN ROCK ..................................................................... 59 KNOWN CONTAMINATED SITES .................................................................................................... 63 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................. 67 H2M 2 Environmental Resource Inventory Borough of Glen Rock SECTION VI: SURFACE WATER, STORMWATER & THE WATERSHED .................. 68 GLEN ROCK’S WATERWAYS.......................................................................................................... 68 SURFACE WATER QUALITY STANDARDS ...................................................................................... 71 URBANIZATION & STORMWATER ................................................................................................. 72 FLOODING...................................................................................................................................... 77 GLEN ROCK IN THE GREATER WATERSHED.................................................................................. 78 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................. 84 SECTION VII: WETLANDS..................................................................................................... 86 THE VALUE OF WETLANDS ........................................................................................................... 86 NJDEP FRESHWATER WETLANDS PROGRAM ............................................................................... 86 WETLANDS IN GLEN ROCK ........................................................................................................... 87 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................. 87 SECTION VIII: AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................... 89 LOCAL RESOURCES GOVERNING AIR QUALITY ............................................................................ 89 AIR POLLUTION CRITERIA: SIX MAJOR POLLUTANTS................................................................. 90 AIR MONITORING: THE AIR QUALITY INDEX............................................................................... 90 LOCAL SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION ............................................................................................ 96 SECTION IX: VEGETATION AND TREES......................................................................... 100 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 100 COMMUNITY FORESTRY MANAGEMENT RESOURCES ............................................................ 100 COMMUNITY / PUBLIC PROGRAMS ............................................................................................ 102 SIGNIFICANT/HISTORIC TREES .................................................................................................... 103 HISTORICAL VEGETATION........................................................................................................... 104 BENEFITS OF VEGETATION .......................................................................................................... 104 THREATS TO VEGETATION .......................................................................................................... 107 THE FUTURE OF THE GLEN ROCK’S COMMUNITY FOREST ......................................................... 111 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................... 111 SECTION X: HABITAT AND WILDLIFE ........................................................................... 115 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 115 GEOGRAPHIC REGION.................................................................................................................. 115 HABITAT LOSS AND FRAGMENTATION........................................................................................ 115 INVASIVE AND OVERABUNDANT SPECIES ................................................................................... 119 RARE, ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES....................................................................... 121 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................... 121 H2M 3 Environmental Resource Inventory Borough of Glen Rock SECTION XI: HISTORIC SITES AND CULTURAL SITES.............................................. 123 HISTORIC SITES 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