TheophrastusofEresusCommentaryVolume6.1 Philosophia Antiqua A Series of Studies on Ancient Philosophy Previous Editors J.H. Waszink † W. J. Ve r d e n i u s † J.C.M. Van Winden Edited by K.A. Algra F.A.J. De Haas J. Mansfeld C.J. Rowe D.T. Runia Ch. Wildberg VOLUME 123 Theophrastus of Eresus Sources for His Life, Writings, Thought and Influence Commentary Volume 6.1 Sources on Ethics Theophrastus of Eresus Commentary Volume 6.1 Sources on Ethics by William W. Fortenbaugh, with Contributions on the Arabic Material by Dimitri Gutas LEIDEN • BOSTON 2011 Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. Library of Congress Control Number: 2007295680 ISSN: 0079-1687 ISBN: 978 90 04 19422 9 Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. for Herwig Görgemanns Scholar, Betreuer, Friend CONTENTS Preface ................................................................. ix I.Introduction......................................................... 1 II.TheSources......................................................... 9 . Authors Including Pseudonymi and Anonymi Arranged Chronologically................................................ 10 . Greek,LatinandItalianAnthologies,Gnomologiesand OtherCollections.............................................. 94 . Lexicographers................................................. 109 . Scholia.......................................................... 113 . CatalogueofBooks ............................................ 116 . ArabicSources ................................................. 118 III. Titles of Books no. –, no. , no. –, no. , no.– ................................................ 121 IV.TheTexts ........................................................... 235 . Writings on Ethics , no. , , , ........... 235 . Emotions , , –, , -, A–I, , –, A–B, A ...................................... 245 . Virtue and Vice A–B, ., – .................... 297 . Education, Exhortation and Censure –A–B, –, –A–B, – ............................. 351 . Happiness –, A–B, ............................ 377 . The Wise Man and Marriage –. ...................... 408 . Fortune and Goods and Evils outside the Soul – ..... 418 . Fate, Nature and the Death of Callisthenes – ......... 458 . Wealth –, –, – ......................... 478 . Kindness, Honor and Vengeance – ................... 505 . Justice A–B, ........................................... 541 . Natural Relationship , A–D ........................... 550 . Friendship – ........................................... 575 viii contents . Flattery – ............................................... 631 . Pleasure – .............................................. 637 . Eros –, –, –A–B ....................... 660 . Wine –A–B, .–, –A–B .................. 706 V.Summary............................................................ 739 VI.BibliographyofModernLiterature ............................... 751 VII.IndicestotheTitlesandTexts.................................... 769 . ImportantWords............................................... 769 Greek........................................................... 769 Latin............................................................ 785 Italian........................................................... 792 Arabic .......................................................... 792 . TitlesofBooks ................................................. 795 TheophrasteanGreek .......................................... 795 Latin............................................................ 796 Arabic .......................................................... 796 Non-TheophrasteanGreek .................................... 796 Latin............................................................ 796 . Gods, Persons, Groups of People and Places Named or ReferredtoinGreek,LatinorArabicTexts................... 797 VIII. Indices to the Commentary . .................................. 805 . PassagesCitedinChaptersII–V............................... 805 . SubjectsDiscussedinChaptersII–V.......................... 867 IX.CorrigendaandAddendaintheText-TranslationVolumes ..... 875 . The “Ethics” section and texts referred to from that section. 875 . Referencesintheindices....................................... 878 PREFACE With the publication of this commentary my work on Theophrastus has come full circle. In , Quellen zur Ethik Theophrasts was published by Grüner Verlag as volume in the series Studien zur antiken Philoso- phie. The book contains a collection of the ethical fragments of Theo- phrastus (quotations, paraphrases, reports etc.) together with a commen- tary in German. For the briefest time, I thought that I might move on to entirely new challenges; certainly I would not write a second commen- tary on Theophrastus’ ethics. Of that idea I was quickly disabused, for having organized a team of scholars, who were committed to collecting, translating and commenting on all the fragments of Theophrastus—often referred to as Project Theophrastus—it soon became clear that a rational division of tasks would not let me walk away from ethics. To be sure, par- ticipation in this larger project would lead me into new fields, in partic- ular, rhetoric and poetics, but at the same time I became the person pri- marily responsible for revising the ethical fragments that had been pub- lished in Quellen. In addition, it fell to me to provide a translation, which was missing in Quellen, and to write a commentary that took account of our new and fuller collection of fragments. Now some twenty-seven years after the publication of Quellen, I have no regrets, for fragments missing in Quellen have been identified and included, the apparatus of parallel texts has been improved, the same is true of the apparatus of vari- ant readings, and a facing translation (Greek, Latin and Arabic texts on the left, English on the right) has been added. These improvements are nowavailableinthetwovolumeworkTheophrastusofEresus:Sourcesfor His Life, Writings, Thought and Influence (Brill , reprint ). The present commentary is considerably longer than that found in Quellen. That is hardly surprising, given the years that separate the two works. Texts not found in Quellen have been commented upon, new ideas set forth in the scholarly literature have been incorporated, and old ideas have been revised. Sometimes a comment has been dropped as marginal and other times as mistaken. In making these statements, I am not recommending that all copies of Quellen be destroyed. There are times when I found it economical to refer to Quellen regarding material xpreface that has been excluded from the present commentary but is available in Quellen and may be important to someone approaching the ethics of Theophrastus with different needs and different interests. Like the translation now available in Sources, the present commentary iswritteninEnglish.Thatsuitstoday’sworld.Ahalfcenturyago,when I was in graduate school, a translation and commentary in German wouldhaveseemedquitenormalandbeenwelcomeonbothsidesof the Atlantic. But in the meantime, the capacity to read German, at least in my country, has diminished significantly, so that important German, Austrian and Swiss scholars of the nineteenth and twentieth century tend to be ignored. It is my hope that the present commentary with its the numerous references to past greats like Zeller, von Arnim, Walzer, Regenbogen, Dirlmeier and Gigon will encourage renewed interest in their work. The team that collaborated to produce a complete collection of Theo- phrastean fragments had a central core, often referred to by the initials FHS&G. They are myself, Pamela Huby, Bob Sharples and Dimitri Gutas. We have enjoyed working with each other over so many years, that it is quite impossible for me to remember, let alone to list, the many occasions that I have been assisted by HS&G. Moreover, we have become good friends and done fun things in common with our spouses. That has made my scholarly life especially meaningful. Not all head; a lot of heart as well. Two bright graduate students who became scholars in their own right merit special mention. They are Michael Sollenberger, who edited and translated the “Vita” portion of the text-translation volumes (–), and David Mirhady, who did the same for the “Politics” portion (–) and will be writing the commentary on the titles and texts contained therein. Both have helped me with ethical material on many occasions. David Sedley worked on papyri and in regard to ethics was especially helpful in establishing and interpreting texts relevant to moral education (, A). Andrew Barker had overall responsibility for the section on “Music” and was a resource regarding texts that relate music to emotional response (A–B, A). Tiziano Dorandi, who has often offered assis- tance in regard to manuscripts and philological matters in general, must be mentioned and thanked; so too Eckart Schütrumpf, who