Proceedings of the 1st regional workshop on enhancing coastal resources: Artificial reefs, stationary fishing gear design and construction and marine protected areas, 30 September - 3 October 2003, Thailand Item Type book Publisher Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Download date 08/10/2021 01:33:34 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/41109 P r o c e e d i n g s o f T h e 1st R e g io n a l W o r k s h o p o n E n h a n c in g C o a s t a l R e s o u r c e s : Artificial Reefs, Stationary Fishing G ear Design and Construction and M arine Protected Areas, 30 Septem ber-3 O ctober 2003, Thailand Organized by Training Department (TD) Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center What is SEAFDEC? SEAFDEC is an autonomous intergovernmental body established as a regional treaty organization in 1967 to promote fisheries development in Southeast Asia. Objectives SEAFDEC aims specifically to develop fishery potentials in the region through training, research and information services in order to improve food supply through rational utilization of fisheries resources in the region. Functions To achieve its objectives the Center has the following functions : 1) To offer training courses, and to organize workshops and seminars, in fishing technology, marine engineering, extension methodology, post-harvest technology, and aquaculture; 2) To conduct research and development in fishing gear technology, fishing ground surveys, post-harvest technology and aquaculture, to examine problems related to the handling of fish at sea and quality control, and to undertake studies on the fisheries resources in the region; and 3) To arrange for the transfer of technology to the countries in the region and to make available the printed and non-printed media, which include the publication of statistical bulletins for the exchange and dissemination related to fisheries and aquaculture development. Membership SEAFDEC membership is open to all Southeast Asian Countries. The Member Countries of SEAFDEC at present are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Proceedings of the 1st Regional Workshop on Enhancing Coastal Resources: Artificial Reefs, Stationary Fishing Gear Design and Construction and Marine Protected Areas 30 September - 3 October 2003 T h a ila n d Organized by Training Department (TD) Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) in Collaboration with The Government of Japan (Under the special 5-year Program on Resource Enhancement) TD/SP/32 August 2004 ii NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT The copyright in this publication is vested in the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, by any method or process, without written permission from the copyright holder. Applications for such permission with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction desired should be made through and addressed to the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Training Department, P.O. Box 97, Phrasamutchedi, Samut Prakan 10290, Thailand. ISBN 974-9509-64-1 iii FOREWORD There is growing awareness that the coastal fisheries of Southeast Asia are highly significant in terms of the number of people participating in them, the total catch and their economics, social and environment impacts. However, based on current demand for fisheries and our understanding of the status of many fish stocks, many coastal fish species are scarce. Further, resource scarcities will likely continue in the future. Coastal fisheries have some peculiarities which hold regardless whether the fisheries are in developed or developing countries. The major historical peculiarities were due to the common property and free entry nature of most of the world’s fisheries leading to a tendency towards overexploitation of resources, a tendency which was first explained by a biological model of fish population growth. Later, economic variables were introduced to this biological model and the resultant bio-economic model exerted significant influences on fisheries resource management. However, the application of these approaches to fisheries management in Southeast Asia have been confounded by the tropical and multi-species, multi-fishing gear nature of our regional fisheries. It is now well recognized, especially in the context of Southeast Asia’s complex coastal fisheries, that in order to be successful coastal fisheries management needs to become more innovative and specific to fisheries issues at the local level. This is especially the case as the contribution of coastal fisheries to regional food security and employment has become increasingly apparent in recent years. The need to reconcile regional fisheries issues with emerging frameworks for the management of coastal fisheries certainly requires the development of innovative and practical approaches to fisheries management, such as resource enhancement through the use of artificial reefs and restocking. It has been with this mindset that the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center has developed an ongoing project aimed at developing regional capacity to design and implement resource enhancement activities for the long-term sustainability of our fisheries resources. A multitude of resource enhancement activities can be used in fisheries resource management. However, in most parts of our diverse region, resource enhancement is in its infancy and understudied (as compared to other approaches to fisheries resource management). Acknowledging the various advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to resource enhancement is critical if it is to be effectively applied in Southeast Asia. This compilation of papers provides a clear and comprehensive overview of the state of resource enhancement in Southeast Asia. I take great pleasure in congratulating the presenters for their erudite papers and excellent contributions to this valuable part of fisheries resource management in our region. Niwes Ruangpanit Secretary-General and Chief of the Training Department SEAFDEC v Contents Report of the Workshop • Opening of the Workshop 3 • Conclusion and Recommendation 14 • Appendix A List of Participants 17 • Appendix B Opening Address by Mr. Niwes Ruangpanit 21 • Appendix C Provisional Agenda and Timetable 23 • Appendix D Closing Address by Mr. Junichiro Okamoto 27 • Appendix E List of Documents 29 Country papers • Review of Coastal Zone Management in Fisheries of Cambodia 33 (Suy Serywath and Rous Chhanty) • Overview on Country Policies, Programs Experiences with 47 Artificial Reefs, Stationary Fishing Gear and Establishment of Marine Protected Areas in Malaysia (Sukarno bin Wagiman and Abdul Khalil bin Abdul Karim and Abd. Razak bin Latun) • Country Paper of Myanmar 57 (Soe Thu and Myint Soe) • Coral Garden & Reef Rehabilitation Project, the Establishment 65 of Marine Reserves and Fish Sanctuaries of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) in the Philippines (Alma C. Dickson and Pieer Easter L. Velasco) • Set Net Fishery (Lanbakled), the Philippines 71 (Alma C. Dickson and Pieer Easter L. Velasco) • Artificial Reefs & Marine Re-Stocking Efforts in Singapore 81 (L.S. Wong and L.M. Chou) • A Country Report for the Workshop on Artificial Reef and 87 Stationary Fishing Gear Design and Construction and Marine Protected Area in Thailand (Anucha Songjitsawat) • A Country Report of Vietnam 93 (Nguyen Van Nguyen and Tran Duc Hap) vi Experience Papers • SEAFDEC Initiatives and Activities Related to 97 Fishery Resource Enhancement (Yuttana Theparoobratm Ph.D.) • Stock Enhancement Program of SEAFDEC Aquaculture 107 Department (Wenresti G. Gallardo, Ph.D.) • Resource-Cultivation Fisheries by Artificial reefs 111 (Vicharn Ingsrisawang, Ph.D.) • Resource Enhancement Strategies and Stock Enhancement 123 Principles (Wenresti G. Gallardo, Ph.D.) • Marine Parks Malaysia-Management Strategy 129 (Zulklifli bin Talib, et al) • Establishment Marine Reserve and Fish Sanctuaries in the 137 Philippines (Pierre Easter L. Velasco) • Artificial Reefs Construction Project in Thailand 139 (Kornwit Jankusol) • Artificial Reefs in Malaysia : The Malaysian Experience 143 in Resource Rehabilitation (Abdul Razak Bin Latun) Report of the Workshop Report of the Workshop | 3 REPORT OF THE REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON ENHANCING COASTAL RESOURCES: ARTIFICIAL REEFS, STATIONARY FISHING GEAR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AND MARINE PROTECTED AREAS SEAFDEC/TD, Samut Prakan, Thailand 30 September - 3 October 2003 I. INTRODUCTION 4. The objectives of the Workshop were to review the existing regional and national 1. Considering that the quality of coastal programs/projects related to resource and inshore ecosystems has deteriorated enhancement; to discuss on resource significantly as a result of continued and enhancement issue; to promote the increasing human activities. These areas are establishment of a technical supporting group critical to a broad range of aquatic organisms for working as resource persons/coordinator during their life cycles including spawning, of the issues related to resource enhancement; nursery areas and feeding zones and many of to evaluate, promote and encourage the use these species are of economic importance. of ARs and SFG for coastal resources The areas serve as important sources of enhancement in light of environment; and to recruitment to, and the sustainability of, work in close cooperation with Southeast commercial fisheries.