HAZARD, RISK AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS (HRVA) FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND FIRST NATIONS HAZARD REFERENCE GUIDE FOR THE HRVA TOOL 2.1 Edition, Winter 2021 51 Hazard Reference Guide A GUIDE FOR HAZARD, RISK AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS (HRVA) 2 Hazard Reference Guide CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 6 How to Use This Guide .................................................................................................................. 6 SECTION 1 - Hazard List .................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Changing Climatic Conditions ................................................................................................ 8 1.2 Identifying Local Hazards ..................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Hazard Groupings .................................................................................................................. 11 Atmospheric ................................................................................................................................... 13 1. Air Quality ..........................................................................................................14 2. Extreme Heat .....................................................................................................15 3. Extreme Cold .....................................................................................................16 4. Fog ....................................................................................................................17 5. Freezing Rain or Drizzle ....................................................................................18 6. Space Weather ..................................................................................................19 7. Hail ....................................................................................................................20 8. Hurricane/Typhoon/High Wind Event ................................................................. 21 9. Lightning ............................................................................................................22 10. Snowstorms and Blizzards ................................................................................23 11. Tornado ............................................................................................................24 Disease and Epidemic ................................................................................................................. 25 12. Animal Disease ................................................................................................. 26 13. Human Disease (Includng Pandemic and Epidemic) ......................................... 27 14. Plant Disease and Pest Infestation ................................................................... 28 15. Public Health Crisis .............................................................................................. 29 Fire .................................................................................................................................................. 30 16. Structure Fire.........................................................................................................31 17. Wildfire ..............................................................................................................32 Geological ...................................................................................................................................... 33 18. Avalanche .........................................................................................................34 19. Landslide/Debris Flow ......................................................................................35 3 Hazard Reference Guide 20. Land Subsidence (and Sinkholes) ....................................................................36 21. Submarine Slides ................................................................................................. 37 Geological - Seismic .................................................................................................................... 38 22. Earthquake ............................................................................................................39 23. Liquefaction ...........................................................................................................40 24. Tsunami (Telegenic and Terrestrial) ......................................................................41 Geological - Volcanic ................................................................................................................... 42 25. Ash Fall .................................................................................................................43 26. Volcanic Flow ........................................................................................................44 Hazardous Materials and Explosions ........................................................................................ 45 27. Explosions .............................................................................................................46 28. Hazardous Materials Spill ......................................................................................47 29. Mine Incident .........................................................................................................48 30. Nuclear Incident ....................................................................................................49 31. Oil or Gas Pipeline Spill .........................................................................................50 32. Space Debris .........................................................................................................51 Hydrological ................................................................................................................................... 52 33. Drought .............................................................................................................53 34. Seiche ...............................................................................................................54 35. Storm Surge .....................................................................................................55 Hydrological - Flooding ................................................................................................................ 56 36. Lake, River, Stream Flooding ...........................................................................57 37. Coastal Flooding ...............................................................................................58 38. Storm Water Flooding .......................................................................................59 39. Flash Flooding ..................................................................................................60 Infrastructure Failure .................................................................................................................... 61 40. Dam and Spillways Failure ................................................................................62 41. Dike Failure .......................................................................................................63 42. Structure Failure ...............................................................................................64 Interruptions to Critical Services ................................................................................................. 65 43. Electrical Outage ..............................................................................................66 4 Hazard Reference Guide 44. Food Source Interruption ..................................................................................67 45. Telecommunications Interruption .....................................................................68 46. Transportation Route Interruption .....................................................................69 47. Wastewater Interruption ...................................................................................70 48. Water Service Interruption ................................................................................71 49. Fuel Source Interruption ...................................................................................72 Security .......................................................................................................................................... 73 50. Cyber Security Threat ............................................................................................ 74 51. National Security Threat ........................................................................................75 52. Public Disturbance ................................................................................................76 53. Major Planned Event .............................................................................................77 Transportation ............................................................................................................................... 78 54. Aircraft Incident .....................................................................................................79 55. Marine Vessel Incident ..........................................................................................80 56. Motor Vehicle Incident ...........................................................................................81