RULES ADOPTED BY THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII NOV 8 1955 WITH REGARD TO THE REPRODUCTION OF MASTERS THESES (a) No person or corporation may publish or reproduce in any manner., without the consent of the Committee on Research and-Graduate. Study, a. thesis which has been submitted to the University in partial fulfillment of the require ments for an advanced degree, {b ) No individual or corporation or other organization may publish quota tions or excerpts from a graduate thesis without the consent of the author and of the Committee on Research and Graduate Study. UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII LIBRARY A STUDY CF SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES OF SAMOAN INTERMEDIATE u SCHOOL STUDENTS IN HAWAII A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT CF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS JUNE 1956 Susan E. Hirsh Hawn. CB 5 H3 n o .345 co°“5 1 TABLE OP CONTENTS LIST GF TABUS ............................... iv CHAPTER. I. STATEMENT CP THE PROBLEM ........ 1 Introduction •••••••••••.•••••• 1 Th« Problem •••.••••••••••••••• 3 Methodology . »*••*«* i «#*•**• t * » 5 II. CONTEMPORARY SAMOA* THE CULTURE CP ORIGIN........ 10 Socio-Economic Structure 12 Soeic-Eoonosdo Chong« ••••••«.#•••«• 15 Socio-Economic Values? •••••••••••».. 17 Conclusions 18 U I . TBE SAIOAIS IN HAWAII» PEARL HARBOR AND LAXE . 20 Peerl Harbor 21 Lala ......... 24 Sumaary 28 IV. SELECTED BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS OP SAMOAN AND NON-SAMOAN INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN HAWAII . 29 Location of Residences of Students ••••••• 29 Sex and Age Distribution of Students •••••• 31 Ethnic Background of Students •«•••«•••• 32 Place of Birth of Students and Length of Residence in Hawaii ••••••••••••• 33 Religious Affiliation of Students *••••••• 35 Friendship Contacts of Students ••••••••• 36 Age and Sex Distributions of Parents ..•••« 38 Birthplace and Length of Residence of Parents • • 39 Occupational Lerels of Parent« ...«••••• 41 Religious Affiliation of Parents •••••••• 42 Languages of Parents •••••••••••••• 43 The Families of the S t u d e n t s ................ 44 Summary ••••».••.«••»••*.«•.. 48 V. SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES CP SAMOAN AND NON-SAMOANS IN HAWAII ......... 53 The Acculturation Seale ••••••••••••• 53 Socio-Economic Values •••••••••••••« 56 Family Values ........ 56 Eduoatlonal Values 63 / , Time-Property Values ••..«•••••••• 67 Occupational Values • ••••••»••••• 70 Summary 80 ‘ VI. SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES OF FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION SAMOAN STUDENTS IN HAWAII • • • . ............ 88 , Family Values ........... 88 Educational Values ••••••«•••••••• 93 i Ill Timi*-Property Values ......... 95 Occupational Value« • ••••••••••»••» 98 ßuwaary • •••••••««••*•••••••• 106» vu. suiTÄRi a n d cmamicm . ..................... 109 Probi«« and .Hypotheses ••••••••••*••• 109 iJethodologp • ••#••»••*••••••••« 109 Qvumtsey of Findings ••••••••••••••• 110 Patterns of Slnllarity In Ráspense Anong the Four Saapl« Groups •«••••••••••• 110 Patterns of Difference between Saaoaae and Non-Saneana ••••••««•••••••• Patterns of Différence In Response among Oanoans by Place of Reeldenoe ••••••• 117 Patterns of Difference in Response among Cancana by Generation ••••••••••• 120 •«••••••••••••••••• IyH Suggestions for Further Investigation • • • • • 125 APPENDS * ........... ............................ « t . • * I » bibliography ....................... 133 if LIST OF TABLES PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION Cff LOCATION CP RESIEENCES CP STUDENTS AT PEARL HARBOR INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL BX ETHNIC GROUP ................ 30 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP LOCATION OP RESIDENCES OP STUDENTS IN INTERMEDIATE GRADES AT KAHUKU SCHOOL BY ETHNIC GROUP ••••••••« ....... ....... 30 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP STUDENTS BY SEX, ETHNIC GROUP, AND SCHOOL ............. •••••.......... 31 MEAN ACES AND AGE RANGES OP STUDENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SC H O O L , * 31 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION CP PLACE OF BIRTH OP STUDENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SC H O O L ................... 33 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS BX DATES CP ARRIVAL IN HAWAII BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL 34 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF CHURCH AFFILIATION OP STUDENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL . ......... 35 MEAN IN-CROUP AND SAMOAN FRIENDSHIP SCORES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL . ................ • . • • n PERCENTAGE CP FRIENDSHIP INTERACTION CP SAMOANS AND NCM-SAMOANS BY SCHOOL ••••«•••••••••••• 37 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION CP AGE CP PARENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OP CHILD......... 39 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP BIRTHPLACE CP PARENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL CP C H I L D ......... ......... 40 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION CP DATES OP ARRIVAL IN HAWAII GP »RENTS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OF CHILD . • a PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP PARENTS* OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OP CHILD ............. 42 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP PARENTS BY CHURCHES ATTENDED BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OF CHILD................ 43 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF PARENTS WHO COULD SPEAK VARIOUS LANGUAGES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL CP CHILD , 44 ▼ TABLE 1 6 « MEAN S m AND SIZ E RANGE OF NUCLEAR FAMILIES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL GF CHILD............... 46 17« ISAM SIZE AND SIZE RANGE OF HOUSEHOLD BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OF CHILD ................. 46 18« PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION COMPOSITION OF HOUSHiOLIB BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OF STUDENT ............... 47 19« PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF LANGUAGES USED IN HOUSEHOLDS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL OF STUDENT . ........ • 48 20« PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES GF STUDENTS TO WORD 2XMB RELATED TO HOME VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AHD SCHOOL ............... 56 21. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO FAMILY VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND S C H O O L ......... 53 22. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO WORD ITEMS RELATING TO EDUCATIONAL VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ................. ....... 64 23. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO SENTENCE ITEM* RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND S C H O O L ........ ........................ 66 24. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDS» CF STUDENTS TO WORD ITEMS RELATED TO TIME»*PROPERTY VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ......... 66 25. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO TIME-PROPERTY VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AMD SCHOOL •••••••.......... 69 26a. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO WORD ITEm RELATING TO OCCUPATIONS BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ........................... •• «• 71 26b. RANK ORDER CF FIFTEEN OCCUPATIONS DERIVED FROM PERCENTAGE POSITIVE RESPONSE ON WORD ITEMS BY ETHNIC GROUP AMD SCHOOL . ........ • 73 27. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES GF STUDENTS TO im® RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AMD S C H O O L .............. .«••••.......... • 74 28. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF INTENDED OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL OF STUDENTS BY ETHNIC CROUP AND SCHOOL ........ 76 ▼1 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF STUDENTS TO WCRD ITEMS RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL VALUES BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL....... ........................ 77 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OP RESPONSES CP STUDENTS TO WORD ITE’fi RELATING TO ETHNIC GROUP BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ...... ....... * ................ 80 MAJORITY RESPONSE ON SENTENCE ITEMS BY VALUE AREA BY ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ......... ....... • 81 MAJORITY RESPONSE ON WORD ITEMS BY VALUE AREA, ETHNIC GROUP AND SCHOOL ........... 83 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSE OF SAMOANS TO «CRD zi s » r e l a t e d t o f a m i l y v a l u e s , b y gen er a ti o n IN HAWAII, AND IE AN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS....... 89 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPQEBES OF SASSDARS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO FAMILY VALUES, BY GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS....... ............... ................. 90 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF SAMOANS TO WCRD m m RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL VALUES, BY GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS 94 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION £F RESPONSES OF SAMOANS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL VALUES, BY GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS 95 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES CF STUDENTS TO ITEMS RELATED TO TBE-PROPERTY VALUIS, BY GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE flF ALL GROUPS . • « 96 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSES OF SA fOANS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO TIMW-FROPJSITY VALUES, BY GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS............................. ........... 97 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSE® OF FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION S A X AN STUDENTS TO OCCUPATIONAL TITLES, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS ...... 98 RANK ORDER CF OCCUPATIONS BY POSITIVE RESPONSE OF SAMOANS AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF RESPONSE OF ALL GROUPS 100 4 I ▼il TABLE 39. PERCENT ALE DISTRIBUTION CP RESPONSES CP SAMOANS TO SENTENCE ITEMS RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL VALUES, BI GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE OF ALL GROUPS 101 AO* PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION CP RESPONSES Qp SAMOANS TO WORD ITI« RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL VALUES, BI GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE CP ALL GROUPS . ........... 102 41. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION QP RESPONSES OF SAMOANS TO WORD ITEMS RELATING TO ETHNIC VALUES, BI GENERATION IN HAWAII, AND MEAN PERCENTAGE QP ALL GROUPS ........ 105 42* DIFFERENCE IN MEAN PERCENTAGE OF POSITIVE RESPONSES BETWEEN SAMOANS AND NON-SAMOANS TO SENTENCE ITEMS .... 113 43* DIFFERENCE IN MEAN PERCENTAGE OF POSITIVE RESPONSES BETWEEN SAMOANS AND NON-SAMOANS TO WORD ITEMS.......... 114 44* DIFFERENCE IN MAN PERCENTAGE OF POSITIVE RESPONSES TO SENTENCE ITEMS AMONG SAMOANS BI COMMUNITY OF RESIDENCE IN HAWAII.................