Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Updated Project Number: 43524-014 July 2018 NEP: Kathmandu Valley Wastewater Management Project − Interceptor Sewer Package No: KUKL/WW/IS-01 Prepared by the Project Implementation Directorate, Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited, Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank. This updated initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Initial Environmental Examination Updated in July 2018 NEP: Kathmandu Valley Wastewater Management Project (Interceptor Sewer- IS-01) of L-3000 Prepared by the Project Implementation Directorate, Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited, Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank. i CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of July 2018) Currency unit - Nepalese rupee (NRs/NRe) NRs1.00 = $ 0.0091 $1.00 = NRs 110.14 In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank BAP Bagmati Action Plan CBP Capacity Building and Public-Private Partnership Support Team CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CITES Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CASSC Community Awareness and Social Safeguard Consultant CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan DBO Design Build and Operate DNI distribution network improvement DSC Design and Supervision Consultant EARF Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ENPHO Environmental and Public Health Organisation EPA Environment Protection Act EPR Environment Protection Rules ERP Emergency Response Plan HACCPP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Plan HH Household HPCIDBC High Powered Committee for Integrated Development of Bagmati Civilization IFC International Finance Corporation Lpcd Liters per capita per day LPG liquefied petroleum gas ICIMOD International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development IDA International Development Assistance IEE Initial Environmental Examination INGO international nongovernment organization IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature JICA Japanese International Cooperation Agency JBIC Japanese Bank for International Cooperation KUKL Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited Kathmandu MoUD Ministry of Urban Development MoFE Ministry of Forest and Environment MoWS Ministry of Water Supply VWMPK Valley Wastewater Management Project Kathmandu VWSMB Valley Water Supply Management Board MWSDB Melamchi Water Supply Development Board MWSP Melamchi Water Supply Project NEWAH Nepal Water for Health NGO Nongovernment organization NTFP Non-timber forest product NWSC Nepal Water Supply Corporation OHS occupational health and safety PD Project Director PID Project Implementation Directorate PIU Project Implementation Unit PPE personal protective equipment PPP public-private partnership i REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RoW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan SAPI Special assistance for project implementation SPAF Severely project affected family SPS Safeguards Policy Statement SWC Social Welfare Council SWNCC Social Welfare National Coordination Council UDLE Urban development through local efforts UN United Nations UNEP United Nations Environment Programme WWTP Wastewater treatment plant WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Cm - centimetre Db - decibels Ha - hectare Kg - kilogram Km - kilometre km2 - square kilometre L - litre M - meter m2 - square meter m3 - cubic meter mg/l - milligrams per litre Ml - millilitre MLD - million litres per day, mega litres per day (1 mega litre = 1000m3) mm - millimetre |jg/m3 - micrograms per cubic meter Msl Mean sea level In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. ii Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 A. Purpose of the Report ............................................................................................................. 1 B. Basis and Scope of the IEE .................................................................................................... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................... 2 A. ADB Policy ............................................................................................................................ 2 B. ADB Safeguards policy .......................................................................................................... 2 C. National Law and Rules ......................................................................................................... 5 D. Policies and Legal Framework of KUKL .............................................................................. 5 III. DISCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................... 8 A. Project Description ................................................................................................................. 8 B. System of Sewerage ............................................................................................................... 8 C. Project Rationale .................................................................................................................... 9 D. Description of Proposed Project ............................................................................................. 9 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................... 15 A. Kathmandu Valley ................................................................................................................ 15 B. Physical Environment ........................................................................................................... 16 C. Biological Environment ........................................................................................................ 31 D. Socio-economic Profile ........................................................................................................ 31 E. Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................ 35 F. Economic Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 38 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES.............. 40 A. Design Phase ........................................................................................................................ 40 B. Construction Phase ............................................................................................................... 41 C. Operation Phase .................................................................................................................... 45 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION .................... 47 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ............................................................................. 50 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ........................................................... 53 A. Environmental Management Plan and Objectives ............................................................... 53 B. Mitigation and monitoring .................................................................................................... 53 A. Implementation Arrangements ............................................................................................. 62 IX. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 68 List of Tables Table II-1: ADB SPS, 2009 Safeguard Requirements .................................................................. 2 Table III-1: Approximate length of existing sewer network. ................................................... 8 Table III-2 Interceptor Sewer components and features of the project IS-01 ..................... 11 Table IV-1: Wards and Municipalities of IS-01 ....................................................................... 15 Table IV-2: climatic zone of Project area ................................................................................ 17 Table IV-3: Catchment Area of Hanumante River and its Tributaries ................................. 17 iii Table IV-4: Comparison of High Flood Discharges ............................................................... 18 Table IV-5: River Morphology of Hanumante River ............................................................... 18 Table IV-6: Proposed and Existing River Training Works ...................................................