Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 42267-031 May 2020 IND: Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project – Ladnu Sewerage Subproject, District-Nagaur, Rajasthan Prepared by Project Management Unit, Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation Limited, Government of Rajasthan for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 29 May 2020) Currency unit – Indian rupee (₹) ₹1.00 = $ 0.01321 $1.00 = ₹ 75.7085 ABBREVIATIONS ACM – Asbestos containing Material ADB – Asian Development Bank BOCW – Building and Other Construction Workers CGWB – Central Ground Water Board CLC – City Level Committee CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CPHEEO – Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization CTE – consent to establish CTO – consent to operate CWR – Clear Water Reservoir DBO – Design-Build-Operate DPR – Detailed Project Report EHS – Environmental Health and Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – environmental management plan FAO – Food and Agricultural Organization FCO – Fertilizer Control Ordinance FSSM – Fecal Sludge and Septage Management GOI – Government of India GOR – Government of Rajasthan IEE – initial environmental examination IFC – International Finance Corporation LPCD – liters per capita per day LSGD – Local Self Government Department MLD – million liters per day MOEFCC – Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change OHSR – overhead service reservoir PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – project implementation unit PMU – project management unit PWD – Public Works Department REA – rapid environmental assessment ROW – right-of-way RSPCB – Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board RSTDSP – Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project RUDSICO-EAP – Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation Limited-Externally Aided Projects RUDSICO – Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SBR – Sequential Batch Reactor SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 STP – sewage treatment plant TEER – Treated Effluent Elevated Reservoir TESR – Treated Effluent Storage Reservoir ULB – urban local body WHO – World Health Organization WTP – water treatment plant WEIGHTS AND MEASURES °C – Degree Celsius km – kilometer LPCD – litres per capita per day mm – millimeter m – meter MLD – million litres per day mm – millimeter nos. – numbers km2 – square kilometer NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. CONTENTS Pages I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination Report 2 C. Report Structure 2 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3 A. Present Status of Water Supply and Sewerage 3 B. Infrastructure Improvements Proposed in Ladnu City under RSTDSP 3 C. Proposed Subproject Components 6 D. Subproject Benefits 8 E. Investment Program Implementation Schedule 8 III. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 18 IV. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 21 A. ADB Policy 21 B. National and State Laws 23 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 39 A. Physical Resources 39 B. Ecological Resources 43 C. Economic Development 44 D. Socio Cultural Resources 46 E. Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites 46 VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 49 A. Introduction 49 B. Location Impacts 50 C. Design Impacts 50 D. Pre-construction Impacts: 59 E. Construction Impacts 60 F. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 71 G. Cumulative Impacts 75 VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 76 A. Overview 76 B. Public Consultation 76 C. Information Disclosure 78 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 79 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 79 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 83 A. Environmental Management Plan 83 B. Institutional Requirements 116 C. Capacity Building and Development 128 D. Monitoring and Reporting 129 E. EMP Implementation Cost 130 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 132 APPENDIXES 1. REA Checklist for Water Supply and Sewerage Treatment 2. Drinking Water Standards, Ambient Air Quality, Vehicle, Diesel Generator Emissions Standards 3. Ambient Noise Standards and Noise limit for DG Set 4. Effluent Discharge Standards for Sewage Treatment Plant by NGT Order Dated 30th April 2019 5. Pages from Rajasthan State Sewerage and Waste Water Policy for reuse of treated effluent and sludge 6. Guidelines for Reuse of Treated Effluent and Sludge from STP for Beneficial Purposes 7. Compliance with Environmental Criteria for Subproject Selection 8. Extract from Construction and Demolition Management Rules, 2016 9. Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works 10. Sample Outline Spoil Management Plan 11. Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan 12. Public Consultations Conducted During Project Preparation 13. Stakeholder Consultations conducted during preliminary design stage in March 2018 14. Semi Annual Environmental Monitoring Report Format 15. Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report 16. Sample Grievance Registration Form 17. Office order for establishing GRM 18. Management Plan for Night works at Project Sites 19. Environmental Monitoring Plan - Ambient Air, Noise, Water and Soil 20. Guidelines for Safety during Monsoon/Heavy rainfall 21. Details of land availability, ownership and status of No Objection Certificate (NOC) for sites 22. Photographs of Proposed Sites 23. IFC benchmark standards for workers accommodation 24. Guidelines and Emergency plan for handling and storing chlorine 25. Biodiversity Assessment – Ladnun Town Sewerage Subproject 26. MOU of Treated water Reuse of STPs at Ladnu 27. Geographical Position Coordinates of subproject components 28. WHO Interim Guidance on Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Waste Management for the COVID-19 virus EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project (RSTDSP), the fourth phase of investment projects financed by Asian Development Bank (ADB) and implemented by the Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation Limited-Externally Aided Projects (RUDSICO), previously known as Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project (RUIDP). RSTDSP will support the ongoing efforts of the Government of Rajasthan (GOR) towards improving the water and wastewater services in about 14 towns.1 RSTDSP seeks to improve WSS services in secondary towns with populations between 20,000-115,000 through a sector loan modality. The project is aligned with the following impact(s): access to potable, affordable, reliable, equitable, and environmentally sustainable drinking water supply in all urban areas of Rajasthan improved;2 and health status of urban population, especially the poor and under-privileged improved.3 The project will have the following outcome: urban service delivery in secondary towns of Rajasthan improved. There are three outputs. • Output 1: Water supply infrastructure in project towns improved with climate- resilient and inclusive features. By 2027: (i) about 1,350 kilometers of water supply pipelines will be commissioned through a district metered area approach for effective NRW management, (ii) about 100,000 households will be connected to an improved water supply system (including at least 95% BPL households) with 100% functional meters allowing for the introduction of volumetric billing, (iii) 3 new water treatment plants will be commissioned with total capacity of at least 28 million liters per day and (iv) 2 water treatment plants will be rehabilitated. • Output 2: Sanitation systems in project towns improved with climate-resilient, cost- effective and inclusive features.4 By 2027: (i) about 1,300 kilometers of sewers will be constructed, (ii) 19 STPs with co-treatment of wastewater and fecal sludge and with a total capacity of about 80 million liters per day will be commissioned and 3 existing STPs will be upgraded to meet current effluent standards, (iii) about 103,000 new household connections (including at least 95% BPL households) to sewer system will be installed, (iv) 1 fecal sludge treatment plant with total 10 kilo liters per day capacity will be commissioned, and (v) agreements for reuse of wastewater mainly for industry or agriculture will be signed in at least 5 project ULBs. • Output 3: Institutional and human capacities strengthened for service improvements, gender equality and sustainability. Under the sector project: (i) at least 500 women will gain professional experience through an internship program at RUDSICO, (ii) about 500 staff and 500 elected representatives of project ULBs, including 80% of eligible women, will report increased knowledge on O&M of WSS services, CWIS, financial sustainability and GESI action plan implementation, (iii) about500 girls will report enhanced knowledge in conducting water audits in 1 Secondary towns under consideration are Abu Road,