Dr U.S. Air Force Pollinator Conservation Reference Guide – Appendix B: Restoration and landscaping information Photo: Jim Hudgins/USFWS CC BY 2.0 2017 U.S. Air Force Pollinator Conservation Reference Guide Appendix B: Restoration and landscaping information Prepared for U.S. Air Force Civil Engineer Center Prepared by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Recommended citation: USFWS. 2017. U.S. Air Force Pollinator Conservation Reference Guide, Appendix B: Restoration and landscaping information, Air Force Civil Engineer Center, San Antonio, TX, 209 pp. Page i ABBREVIATIONS Light preference S=full sun (6 or more hours per day direct sunlight during growing season) PS=part shade (3 to 6 hours per day direct sunlight during growing season) Sh=Shade (less than 3 hours per day direct sunlight during growing season or filtered light) Soil moisture D=dry (areas that do not remain wet after rain) M=moist (areas with damp and occasionally saturated soils) W=wet (areas saturated during most of the growing season) Bloom time Jan = January Feb = February Mar = March Apr = April May = May Jun = June Jul = July Aug = August Sep = September Oct = October Nov = November Dec = December Bloom color B=blue Br=brown G=Green O=orange Pi=Pink Pu=purple R=red Y=yellow W=white Height " = inches ' = feet Page ii Suitable for landscaping Y=yes (based on appearance; note: some plants, even those common in home gardens, are toxic) N=no ND = not determined Other AFB = Air Force Base FS = Forest Service P2 = Pollinator Partnership NAPPC = North American Pollinator Protection Campaign NRCS = Natural Resource Conservation Service USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture USFWS = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Page iii CONTENTS Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ ii Contents ........................................................................................................................ iv Section 1: Ecoregion maps, descriptions and planting lists .................................... 1 Section 1. A. Ecoregion maps and table .................................................................................... 2 Figure 1: Map of ecoregions of the United States: Lower 48 ................................................................ 3 Figure 2: Map of ecoregions of the United States: Alaska and Hawaii ................................................. 4 Table 1: U.S. Air Force lands and ecoregions in the U.S. ..................................................................... 5 Section 1. B. Ecoregion descriptions and native plant lists ..................................................... 10 1. B. 1. American Semi-desert and Desert Province (#2 on Figure 1) ................................................ 10 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 10 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 11 References ....................................................................................................................................... 15 1. B. 2. Arizona-New Mexico Mountains Semi-desert-Open Woodland-Coniferous Forest-Alpine Meadow Province (#3 on Figure 1) ...................................................................................................... 17 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 17 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 18 References ....................................................................................................................................... 21 1. B. 3. Black Hills Coniferous Forest Province (#4 on Figure 1) ........................................................ 22 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 22 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 23 References ....................................................................................................................................... 29 1. B. 4. California Coastal Chaparral Forest and Shrub Province (#5 on Figure 1) ............................ 30 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 30 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 31 References ....................................................................................................................................... 34 1. B. 5. California Coastal Range Open Woodland-Shrub-Coniferous Forest-Meadow Province (#6 on Figure 1) ............................................................................................................................................... 35 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 35 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 36 References ....................................................................................................................................... 38 1. B. 6. California Dry Steppe Province (#8 on Figure 1) .................................................................... 40 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 40 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 40 References ....................................................................................................................................... 42 1. B. 7. Chihuahuan Semi-Desert (#11 on Figure 1) ........................................................................... 43 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 43 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 44 References ....................................................................................................................................... 51 1. B. 8. Coastal Trough Humid Tayga Province (#43 on Figure 2) ..................................................... 53 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 53 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 54 References ....................................................................................................................................... 56 1. B. 9. Colorado Plateau Semi-Desert Province (#12 on Figure 1) ................................................... 57 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 57 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 58 Page iv References ....................................................................................................................................... 64 1. B. 10. Eastern Broadleaf Province (Continental) (#13 on Figure 1) ................................................ 65 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 65 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 66 References ....................................................................................................................................... 70 1. B. 11. Eastern Broadleaf Province (Oceanic) (#14 on Figure 1) ..................................................... 71 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 71 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................. 72 References ....................................................................................................................................... 74 1. B. 12. Everglades Province (#15 on Figure 1) ................................................................................. 76 Ecoregion description ....................................................................................................................... 76 Native plant list ................................................................................................................................