The Impacts of urbanism on Seattle’s forest and wetland restoration programs and ecosystems Barbara DeCaro and Jon Jainga Natural Resources Management Seattle Parks and Recreation January 11, 2017 2017 Urban Natural Areas Seminar Nature in the Balance: An Interdisciplinary View of Urban Area Restoration The Center for Urban Horticulture University of Washington Botanic Gardens Except where noted, all photos taken by Jon Jainga Introduction Increasing human actions and activities Encampments, illegal dumping, crime and CPTED Welcome to the Edge Seattle Human Services department, 2016 http://hsdprodweb1/inweb/about/docs/Addressing%20Homelessness.pdf Illegal dumping - Cheasty Greenbelt http://westseattleblog.com/2016/05/followups-west-seattle-illegal-tree-cutting-investigations/ http://www.seattle.gov/police/prevention/neighborhood/cpted.htm Common and new native and non-native intruders Invasive weeds and wildlife http://www.kingcounty.gov/~/media/environment/animalsAndPlants/noxious_weeds/imagesD_G/English_ivy _Ravenna_Park.ashx?la=en http://www.seattle.gov/util/cs/groups/public/@spu/@conservation/documents/webproductionfile/1_036854.jpg http://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed- identification/purple-loosestrife.aspx Purple loosestrife distribution in King County http://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious- weeds/weed-identification/purple-loosestrife.aspx http://healthyhomegardening.com/Plant.php?pid=2245 http://www.summitpost.org/purple-loosestrife/336626 http://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed- identification/garden-loosestrife.aspx http://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed- http://www.kingcounty.gov/~/media/environment/animalsAndPlants/ identification/garden-loosestrife.aspx noxious_weeds/imagesK_L/LysimachiaVulgarisFlowering.ashx?la=en Snohomish County King County Garden Duvall loosestrife distribution in Kirkland King County Matthews Beach S Magnuson Park n o 203 q Redmond ual mie R ive r Union Bay 405 202 Montlake Park 520 n o t g n Lk Wash. Blvd i Bellevue h h is s Rutherford a m a W m Slough e k m a a L S Seward Park e k a 90 L 5 Issaquah Raging Fall City River Lake Alice Lake Renton 4 0 4 8 Miles Burien http://www.kingcounty.gov/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/garden-loosestrife.aspx Photos by Rose Brittenham http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/wm/live/1280_720/images/live/p0/2k/z7/p02kz7z2.jpg https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/408499/american-beaver.jpg https://i.stack.imgur.com/UOrGR.jpg http://www.seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2022770942_beaverdamxml.html http://www.myballard.com/2013/01/07/beavers-transforming-north-end-of-golden-gardens-park/ http://www.restonpaths.com/HuntleyMeadows/index.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080306094624.htm Credit: iStockphoto/Per Jørgensen http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/nutria/ http://wdfw.wa.gov/living/nutria.html https://www.flickr.com/photos/12567713@N00/1698583510 http://skagitnutria.com/ http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/tales-of-seattles-charismatic-controversial-or-curious-megafauna/ http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/bunnies-running-wild-in-northwest-parks/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rabbit_burrows_-_geograph.org.uk_-_256060.jpg http://westseattleblog.com/2012/10/west-seattle-coyote-sightings-another-reader-report-roundup/ Photo of Blacktail deer in Snohomish County by Mark Harrison, The Seattle Times http://www.evergladescisma.org/the-dirty-dozen/ Increasing active recreational uses Outdoor learning, bike trails and dogs off leash Cheasty Greenspace trail plan Activation, community love https://www.parentmap.com/article/into-the- woods-outdoor-preschools-in-greater-seattle https://www.pinterest.com/pin/352054895852636142/ https://tau0.wordpress.com/tag/playing/ Loss of ecological function Fragmentation, pathogens and disturbance Spring 2013 Fall 2016 Photos by Paul Shannon Figure 1. Conceptual model of ecosystem degradation and restoration. (Adapted from Keenleyside et al 2012, after Whisenant 1999, and Hobbs & Harris 2001). http://seraustralasia.com/standards/principle2.html Planning: Did we get it right yet? Right plant, right place Uncertainty Maintenance and project impacts on habitat https://www.amazon.com/Historical-Ecology- https://www.crcpress.com/Innovative-Methods-of- Handbook-Restorationists- Marine-Ecosystem-Restoration/Goreau- http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1298938.The_Historical_Ecology_Handbook Ecosystems/dp/1559637463 Trench/p/book/9781466557734 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mark_Taylor10/publication/228824305/figure/fig1/AS:267475854032923 @1440782621724/Figure-1-A-schematic-diagram-showing-the-distinction-between-restoration-rehabilitation.png https://www.fws.gov/birdhabitat/img/grants/mvusamapMB.jpg Conclusion: the future is not yet set http://www.seattle.gov/dPd/cs/groups/pan/@pan/documents/ web_informational/dpdd016851.png http://www.archidose.org/Blog/olympic-wm.jpg http://council.seattle.gov/2012/06/15/preserve- green-open-space-and-get-a-tax-break/ .