Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 188 UNNES International Conference on English Language Teaching, Literature, and Translation (ELTLT 2018) TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN INDONESIAN SUBTITLE OF “SPONGEBOB THE MOVIE I” Andra Sukmalahi Sarasmara Issy Yuliasri English Education Program English Department Universitas Negeri Semarang Universitas Negeri Semarang Email: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract - This research was intended to describe the Hatim and Munday (2004), translation is a written translation techniques used in subtitling Spongebob the or spoken expression of the meaning of a word, Movie I into Indonesian. The purposes of the study speech, book, etc in another language. It were to analyze the translation techniques used in the emphasizes that translation is a product of movie and analyze in what cases the most prominent translation which produced by a translator. technique was used by the subtitlist.This qualitative research was done by analyzing the original Indonesian Translation is used in every part of our subtitle of the screenplay in the Indonesian subtitle entertainment or academic source. Things that using Molina and Albir’s classification of translation commonly use translation to deliver the message is techniques (2002). Analysis was also made on what a movie. Translation in the movie is called subtitle. cases the subtitlist used the most prominent translation Baker & Hochel (1998: 74) stated that subtitling is technique based on its language features.The result of visual, involving the superimposition of a written the study found seven translation techniques used in text onto the screen. Díaz Cintas (2003) mentioned theIndonesian subtitle of Spongebob the Movie I. The that the concept that has undergone greatest growth most prominent technique used was literal translation in translation is subtitling. According to Mondo technique, followed by generalization, linguistic compression, compensation, linguistic amplification, Agit Agency, subtitling is a type of audiovisual borrowing, and modulation. In terms of the cases, the translation that has its own specifications, rules, literal translation was found at simple sentences, short and criteria. A lot of studies, (Putranto, 2014) have utterances, compound sentences, and also phrasal done the study to find the translation techniques verbs. that used in the Monster University movie reviews Keywords: Movie, subtitle, translation techniques, about the translation techniques that are used in the and literal translation technique. subtitling of the Monster University’s movie. Meanwhile, the study conducted by (Primasari, I. INTRODUCTION 2015) was about to analyze the translation English movies are popular, not just in the techniques that used in medical terms in the My native country but also in the world. However, the sister’s keeper movie. According to few studies language that used in the movie is English which have been done in analyzing the translation sometimes is difficult to understand by the target techniques that are used in the subtitle, i want to language audiences. Therefore, we need translation analyze the subtitle in the movie too. In the country to understand the movies and catch the message which uses English as a foreign language, subtitle from them. in the movie is the important things. Subtitles will Translation is the communication of meaning help the audience to know more about the movie. from one language (SL) to another language (TL). That is why in producing a good translation or Newmark (1988:5) stated that translation is subtitle, translators should know the quality of their rendering the meaning of a text into another translation. According to Larson (1998), there were language in the way that the author intended the three criteria of a good translation, it should be text. Based on Hatim and Munday (2004: 6) accurate, clear and natural. It was important for translation is the process of transferring a written translators to know that before they translate novel, text from the source language (SL) to target subtitle, song or literary works. language (TL). Larson (1998), translation is a The explanation above motivates me to do this process that consists of transferring the meaning of research. I will analyze the Spongebob The Movie the source language into the receptor language. 1 (2004). Spongebob is the most popular movie in This is done by going from the form of the first the Nickelodeon. It is created by Stephen language to the form of a second language by way Hillenburg which is a marine biologist and of semantic structure. From the definitions above, animator. In Indonesia, this movie is aired on we can see that translation is about to find the Global Tv and translated by Indonesian people. meaning equivalence in the target language (TL). Since it is an American movie, it is obvious that Also in The Concise Oxford English Dictionary in translator makes the audience understandable with Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. 278 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 188 the different culture that happens in the movie. was conducted through data analysis. The data Thus, it must use techniques to make the audience were taken from the Indonesian subtitle and the know and get the message that delivered by the original screenplay in the “Spongebob the Movie I” movie. movie. The first step was an observation by watching the English version movie and the II. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION Indonesian version intensively and identifying the To observe and analyze the translation translation techniques used in each dialog found in techniques found in the Spongebob the Movie I, the the movie. The second step was classifying the data writer used qualitative method. This method also and analyzing the data. The data were analyzed used in analyzing cases that the most prominent based on the translation technique. The last step technique appeared in the subtitles. was the conclusion of the research. After the The object of this study is the film entitled researcher found the data, the researcher found the Spongebob The Movie I, produced and directed by most using techniques in the subtitle. Then the Stephen Hillenburg inspired by Nickelodeon reasearcher analyze the case of the subtitlyst used television series Spongebob Squarepants. It is the the most prominent techniques by analyzing the first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film sentence/phrase based on the language featu res series. In the film, Plankton devises a plan to that found in the subtitle. discredit his business rival Mr. Krabs by stealing Data analysis was the process of moving data King Neptune's crown and framing Mr. Krabs for from the quantitative data that had been collected the crime. SpongeBob and his starfish friend into the form of explanation. There were some Patrick must retrieve the crown from Shell City to stages of data analysis in this research. The first save Mr. Krabs from Neptune's wrath. Along the step was reading the data. First of all, the writer journey, they face a lot of monsters and obstacles. read the Indonesian subtitle by watching the They also want to prove that they are not just kids. Spongebob The Movie and read the original The kids also can do something big they believe. screenplay which was written in English. The This movie is distributed by Paramount Pictures second step was identifying the translation and translated into Indonesia by Dolby Movie techniques used in the Indonesian subtitle by Theatres. This movie released on March 23rd, 2004 putting the dialogs in English and Indonesian on a and it has 90 minutes length of durations. table side by side. Then, the writer added a column The role of the researcher was the data analyst. entitled Back Translation to analyze the translation The researcher analyzed the translation techniques technique in each dialog. The third step, finding the that could be used in the subtitle of Spongebob most prominent techniques in translating the The Movie 1. The translation techniques were subtitle. After that, the researcher analyzes the classified using the translation theory conducted by cases why the subtitlists used the most using Molina and Albir (2002). At last, the researcher techniques in translating the subtitle. To analyze found the most using techniques and finding the the cases, the researcher must find the type of the case why the subtitlist of Spongebob The Movie I sentence that used in the movie, whether used the used the technique for translating the subtitle. simple sentence, compound sentence, short There were two types of data. Those were utterance, or phrasal verbs. primary data and secondary data. The primary data is all of the sentences which is all of the direct III. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION speech and their translation in the movie. The After analyzing the Indonesian subtitle based on secondary data is the analysis of the case why the translation techniques proposed by Molina & Albir subtitlyst used the most used technique to translate (2002) which are adaptation technique, the subtitle. amplification technique, borrowing technique, The data were obtained by collecting the lines calque technique, compensation technique, in the dialogs of the original script and Indonesian description technique, discursive creation translation. After that, a table was provided to technique,