! THE BROTHER’S SPRING The evolution of the Muslim Brotherhood: towards a new populist Islam? By Sergio Bianchi Arabist and Journalist ! ! !!!!1118:$VJ`Q`IVR1:8HQI....!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!V]Q` 'L!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! "#$%$! !&'($)%!')$! (*+,-%#$.! +/!01$234)! 56',-'7! 84*2.$.! -2!9::;! +/! $<-2$26! 56',-'2!)$%$')=#$)%>! 01$234)!-%!'2!-2.$($2.$26!6#-2?@6'2?!+'%$.!-2!A4<$>!A-<-2->!B-,'24>!C4<4>!D$==4>!E$)42'!'2.! A4F-147! 56%! -26$).-%=-(,-2')/! )$%$')=#! 42! 6#$! B-..,$! G'%6>! 6#$! H$%6$)2! I',?'2%! '2.! 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SUMMARY TERMINOLOGY 5 I. INTRODUCTION 8 II. NEW ISLAMIC POPULISM: VIDEOCRACY AND ELITE 12 III. SOFTWARE FACTOR: CULTURE AS A BOND 16 IV THE "HISTORY" FACTOR: BETWEEN POLITICS & A RELIGIOUS MISSION 28 V . THE "HISTORY" FACTOR: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RHIZOMATIC ORGANIZATIONS 34 VI. THE GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR: GLOBALISATION OF THE MOVEMENT AND EUROPA 44 VII CONCLUSIONS 48 APPENDIX Essential Chronology for the Muslim Brotherhood Movement 54 Bibliography 56 ! !!!!1118:$VJ`Q`IVR1:8HQI....!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!V]Q` 'L!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! 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