The CENTRAL EURASIAN STUDIES REVIEW (CESR) is a publication of the Central Eurasian Studies Society (CESS). CESR is a scholarly review of research, resources, events, publications and developments in scholarship and teaching on Central Eurasia. The Review appears two times annually (Winter and Summer) beginning with Volume 4 (2005) and is distributed free of charge to dues paying members of CESS. It is available by subscription at a rate of $50 per year to institutions within North America and $65 outside North America. The Review is also available to all interested readers via the web. Guidelines for Contributors are available via the web at http://cess.fas.harvard.edu/CESR.html. Central Eurasian Studies Review Editorial Board Chief Editor: Marianne Kamp (Laramie, Wyo., USA) Section Editors: Perspectives: Robert M. Cutler (Ottawa/Montreal, Canada) Research Reports: Jamilya Ukudeeva (Aptos, Calif., USA) Reviews and Abstracts: Shoshana Keller (Clinton, N.Y., USA), Philippe Forêt (Zurich, Switzerland) Conferences and Lecture Series: Payam Foroughi (Salt Lake City, Utah, USA) Educational Resources and Developments: Daniel C. Waugh (Seattle, Wash., USA) Editors-at-Large: Ali Iğmen (Seattle, Wash., USA), Morgan Liu (Cambridge, Mass., USA), Sebastien Peyrouse (Washington, D.C., USA) English Language Style Editor: Helen Faller (Philadelphia, Penn., USA) Production Editor: Sada Aksartova (Tokyo, Japan) Web Editor: Paola Raffetta (Buenos Aires, Argentina) Editorial and Production Consultant: John Schoeberlein (Cambridge, Mass., USA) Manuscripts and related correspondence should be addressed to the appropriate section editors: Perspectives: R. Cutler, rmc alum.mit.edu; Research Reports: J. Ukudeeva, jaukudee cabrillo.edu; Reviews and Abstracts: S. Keller, skeller hamilton.edu; Conferences and Lecture Series: P. Foroughi, Central-Asia utah.edu; Educational Resources and Developments: mkamp uwyo.edu Other editorial correspondence (letters to the editors, formal responses to CESR articles, etc.) and inquiries about advertising in CESR should be addressed to: Dr. Marianne Kamp, University of Wyoming, Dept. of History, Dept. 3198, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, WY 82070, USA, Fax: +1/307-766-5192, mkamp uwyo.edu. Publishers should send their new books for review to: The Central Eurasian Studies Society (see below). Business correspondence, including membership and subscription information, back issues, changes of address and related communications should be addressed to: The Central Eurasian Studies Society. CENTRAL EURASIAN STUDIES SOCIETY c/o Harvard Program on Central Asia and the Caucasus 1730 Cambridge Street, Room S-327 Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Tel.: +1/617-496-2643 Fax: +1/617-495-8319 E-mail: CESS fas.harvard.edu http://cess.fas.harvard.edu Central Eurasian Studies Review Publication of the Central Eurasian Studies Society Volume 5, Number 1 Winter 2006 ISSN 1543-7817 (On-line) Contents PERSPECTIVES Islamist Trends in the Northern Caucasus, Laurent Vinatier ............................................................................................... 2 RESEARCH REPORTS The Impact of the Asian Development Bank on Educational Policy Formation in Kazakhstan, Jazira Asanova .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Georgian Connections in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1905-1911, Iago Gocheleshvili ..................................... 10 Selected Papers from the 2005 CESS Conference Instructional Language, National Identity, and Higher Education in Rural Kyrgyzstan: The Debate at At- Bashy, Alan J. DeYoung .......................................................................................................................................... 14 Central Asia’s Restrictive Media System, Olivia Allison ....................................................................................................... 19 Political Islam in Southern Kazakhstan: Hizb ut-Tahrir, Emmanuel Karagiannis ............................................................ 24 The Kazakhs in the Muslim Rebellions of 1864-1865, Jin Noda .......................................................................................... 28 Allegiance to Tsar and Allah: Crimean Tatars in the Russian Empire, 1783-1853, Kelly O’Neill ..................................... 31 Sleeping with the Enemy: Exogamous Marriage in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, Kathryn Johnston .............................. 36 Report on Research Conditions Report on the State of Library Conditions in Uzbekistan, Victoria Spain ............................................................................ 40 REVIEWS Lena Jonson, Vladimir Putin and Central Asia: The Shaping of Russian Foreign Policy. Reviewed by David Rivera ...................................................................................................................................... 45 Sally Cummings, ed., Power and Change in Central Asia. Reviewed by Daniel Zaretsky ................................................ 46 Anita Sengupta, Frontiers into Borders: The Transformation of Identities in Central Asia. Reviewed by Adrienne Edgar ................................................................................................................................. 48 Feride Acar and Ayşe Güneş-Ayata, Gender and Identity Construction: Women of Central Asia, the Caucasus and Turkey. Reviewed by Zohreh Ghavamshahidi ........................................................................ 50 Kira van Deusen, Singing Story, Healing Drum: Shamans and Storytellers of Turkic Siberia. Reviewed by Margaret Mills ................................................................................................................................... 51 Feroz Ahmad, Turkey: The Quest for Identity. Reviewed by Tolga Koker ........................................................................ 53 George Lane, Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran. Reviewed by Scott Levi ................................................... 54 Alisher Ilkhamov and Liudmila Zhukova, eds., Etnicheskii Atlas Uzbekistana. Reviewed by Shoshana Keller ................................................................................................................................. 56 CONFERENCES AND LECTURE SERIES International Workshop on Xinjiang Historical Sources, Jun Sugawara, Yasushi Shinmen, and James Millward ................................................................................................................................................ 58 The International Workshop on Privatization, Liberalization and the Emergence of Private Farms in Former Soviet Countries, Ayal Kimhi ..................................................................................................................... 60 2005 Middle East and Central Asia Politics, Economics, and Society Conference, Jennifer Taynen ................................ 62 Post-Soviet Islam: An Anthropological Perspective, Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi .................................................................... 64 The VIIth Congress of the International Council for Central and East European Studies, Sebastian Peyrouse .................................................................................................................................................. 65 Energy Program Asia Conferences: Challenges of Post-Soviet Transition in Kazakhstan; Security of Energy Supply in China, India, South Korea and the European Union: Possibilities and Impediments, Lisa Daniels .............................................................................................................................................................. 67 The 11th Annual Central and Inner Asian Seminar (CIAS), Duishon Shamatov and Bolor Legjeem ............................. 69 Perspectives Islamist Trends in the Northern Caucasus Laurent Vinatier, Research Fellow, Institute for Political Studies, Paris, France, vin-laurent netourrier.com The threat of terrorism inspired by radical Islamism1 Ministry, the intelligence services, the department is now widespread. Emanating first from for combating organized crime, the prison guards’ Afghanistan under the Taliban, it is taking root in office, the border guards, and the soldiers defending Iraq. It is also appearing in the North Caucasus. the airport. According to information from several Most of the republics (especially Chechnya, reliable local sources, none of the combatants were Daghestan, Ingushetia, North Ossetia and Chechens. They were mostly natives of Kabardino- Kabardino-Balkaria) in this area stretching between Balkaria between 17 and 20 years old; one man from the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea could become the Ingushetia, two from Russia outside the North theaters for a new “Islamist terrorist movement” Caucasus, and three from Ossetia were also part of (often a journalistic shorthand) in the short or the group. The Chechen separatists did not medium term. At least the idea of this occurring participate but they claimed responsibility for the arises from a general observation of the present attack. This drama allowed the Russian authorities, situation in the North Caucasus, over the period as after Beslan, to argue to the international from the hostage crisis at the school in Beslan community that international Islamist terrorism was (North Ossetia, September 2004) through more attacking their country, spreading from Chechnya to recent guerrilla events in