LA N CA s E N O N CON EOR M T T Y TH E EJECTED OF 1 66 2 I N C U M BER LA N D AN D WESTM ORLAN D H ISTOR Y O F I N DE P EN DENC Y I N TOC K HOLES TH E STOR Y O F TH E LANCASH I R E CON GRE GAT IONA L U N I ON TH E SER M ON ON TH E M OU NT I N R ELAT T ON T o THE P RESENT WA R CON SC I ENCE AN D THE WA R FRO M TH E GREAT AWA KE N T NG T o THE E V AN GELICAL R EV I V AL FI DELITY TO AN I DEAL CON G R EGATIONALIS M R E -E XAM IN ED I C A M BR E H E R E L l Gl O U S M Y TIC SAA OS , T S THO M AS j OLu E O F ALTH A M AN D WYM ON D HOU SES THE H ERox c A GE O F CON G RE GATIONA LISM EA R L Y ST A GE S O F T H Q UA K E R M O V E M EN T IN L A N CA SH IR E BB BB B R B M A . E . A D. V . m . NIGHTIN G LE , , CONGR EGAT I P R E FA CE A FEW years ago while engaged in s ome hist orical research or m r andPWestmorland r m w k in Cu be land , elating ainly t o 1 r m o o the 7th centu y , I ca e much int c ntact with the r mo of r o Not Quake vement that pe i d . that that was the r m r m ro . o fi st ti e , that y inte est in it had been a used Ge rge Fox o for me n o one of has l ng had special fasci ati n , as o r r o m who r o o th se g eat eligi us ystics , appea ccasi nally r o or who are r r r oo in eligi us hist y , and a ely unde st d at m o r t o of r l o the ti e , but wh se se vice the cause e igi n is or r incalculable . I say this the m e eadily because in o o r t o om the pages which f ll w , I have ventu ed be s ewhat critical of the doings of himand his immediate followers and it seems t o me that it is better t o say frankly that the movement suffered considerably because of the extra va ancesof om of r r o r o g s e its ea ly leade s . Of c u se , th se r f r rom r days we e quite di fe ent f these . Things we e then o o r r of o t o- d ne that we sh uld neve d eam d ing day , and mo t o r language was plain and blunt al st coa seness . In this respect Quakerismwas simply like every other mo m r r r m t o o r ve ent in its fi st stages it equi ed ti e s be , r chasten , and pu ify it . How largely the movement captured Cumberland and Westmorland is common knowledge ; but it has been somewhat of a revelation t o myself t o find that it was so widespread in Lancashire and it is to make this clear o o r that the f ll wing pages have been w itten . t o o o or My indebtedness th se wh se w ks I have used , is acknowledged in the body of the book ; but special mention Should be made of much kindly help fromDr rr of hitbarrow o Mr r of Fa er W L dge , W . C . B aithwaite r Mr or Abbatt of r o Mr orm Banbu y , Dilw th P est n , N an 5 6 QUAKER MOVEMENT IN LANCASHIRE ’ f o Penney o the Friends Library , Lond n , and the Custodians of the Sessions Records in Preston . What has specially impressed me in the study . of 1 7th century religious history is the wealth of Quaker literature l i r o t o not r re at ng the et and its value the student , me ely be cause of the light which it throws upon the Quaker o m not so o o o orm r o m ve ent , but less up n N nc nf ist eligi us r No of o histo y in general . student that hist ry can r o l o neglect it without the most se ious l ss . He wi l ften find there the information of which he is in quest when no o r it can t be f und elsewhe e . One word is necessary in reference to the Index . My first i ntention was that it sh ould c ontain the names of all the places and persons that appear in the book n r r one for i deed , I had p epa ed such it , when it was found that the book had already far exceeded the number f o or . r o pages iginally designed The Index had, the ef re , t o o r r r of r o be c nside ably cu tailed . P incipal names pe s ns r r f and places have been etained , and , unde di ferent dis t ricts o f r r o . , will be f und lists Quake s , etc The eader i l r or r no r o fi w l , the ef e , expe ience se i us dif culty in finding m r the na e of any pe rson in whomhe may be inte ested . It is stated repeatedly in the body of the work that m r m f r o na es f equently assu e di fe ent f rms , but in the one on not Index ly is given , and it is certain that the references under the name are always t o the same person . I cannot hope to carry all with me t o the conclusions to which I have been led ; but if the book helps us t o reali ze afresh the steady and unwavering fidelity to r o r of r e o eligi us p inciple , in spite the fie c st and m st r s r e o of o o o pe si tent pe s cuti n , the pe ple wh se st ry it tells , w ll r r it i se ve a ve y useful purpose in these days . B . N IGHTINGALE MI LT N R rq AV ENU E O A , , ST ANN Es-O N -SEA , A ugust 1 92 1 GEO R GE Fox IN LA N cA SH I R E CHAP T E R I I I SU FFER IN GS OF THE U A K E S . Q R 2 T H E FI R ST I HE THE T U T . P U BL S R S OF R H CHAP T E R I II 9 ST I N SU FFER IN G Early Stage so f the Quake r M ove me nt in L ancashire CHAP TER I GEOR GE FOX IN LANCASHIR E r r of 1 6 2 or Fox o n r of IN the ea ly pa t 5 , Ge ge , the F u de r o r r the Quake m vement , made his fi st eal acquaintance r of r o in r with Lancashi e . A native Fenny D ayt n Leiceste r r f or on r of n shi e , his ea liest e f ts as Missi a y the new Eva gel of o o o o r o t o which he had c me int p ssessi n , we e dev ted his own County and the neighbouring Counties of Derby and m r 1 6 r o . N ttingha It was in the yea 47 , afte much r o r of orro wande ing in s lita y places as a man S ws , that he definitely gave himself t o his Mission and began t r r of r r n or re tha ca ee itine ant p eachi g , which b e such r r five r r om ma kable f uit and , yea s afte its c mencement , a j ourney into the West Riding of Yorkshire brought him r or r ro t o the Lancashi e b de . Passing th ugh Wakefield r or ro l r and B adf d , and p ceeding sti l westwa d , he says We m r r r l dl ca e nea a ve y g eat high hill , cal ed Pen e o of or t o o t o t o of hill , and I was m ved the L d g up the p ado so r it which I did with much , it was ve y steep and o t o t o or r high . When I was c me the p , I saw the sea b de ing r ro to of upon Lancashi e .