ISSN 1696-2206 Nº 23 May /Mayo 2010 TURKEY/TURQUÍA (Mustafa Aydin, Coord.) UNISCI Nur Bilge Criss Parameters of Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP Governments UNIDAD DE Gencer Özcan The Changing Role of Turkey’s Military in Foreign Policy- INVESTIGACIÓN Making Process SOBRE SEGURIDAD Y Gokhan Bacik The Rise of Identity Politics in Turkey COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Bican Şahin & Transnational Advocacy Networks in Perspective: Mete Yıldız Democratization, Human Rights and NGOs in Turkey Ahmet K. Han From “Strategic Partnership” to “Model Partnership”: AKP, RESEARCH Turkish-US Relation and the Prospects under Obama UNIT ON INTERNATIONAL Mert Bilgin Turkey’s energy strategy: What difference does it make to SECURITY AND become an energy transit corridor, hub or center? COOPERATION Sinem Akgül Cycles of Europeanization in Turkey: Açıkme şe The Domestic Impact of EU Political Conditionality Meliha Benli Turkey’s Changing Middle East Policy Altunı şık Özlem Tür Turkish-Syrian Relations – Where are we going? Mustafa Aydın Turkey´s Caucasus Policy Diba Nigar Goksel The Rubik’s Cube of Turkey - Armenia Relations Fuat Aksu Turkish-Greek Relations and the Cyprus Question: Quo Vadis? n CENTRAL ASIA / ASIA CENTRAL Licinia Simao An improbable partnership: Spanish and Kazakh efforts to bring Central Asia to the fore of European politics Disponible on -line: Available on-line: www.ucm.es/ info/unisci UNISCI Discussion Papers UNISCI Discussion Papers (ISSN 1696-2206) es una revista científica de acceso abierto, con sistema de evaluación por pares, sobre Relaciones Internacionales y Seguridad; ambas entendidas en sentido amplio y desde un enfoque multidimensional, abierto a diferentes perspectivas teóricas. 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All the issues are available free of charge at our website www.ucm.es/info/unisci . The Editorial Committee accepts contributions of articles or book reviews. Proposals may be sent as indicated in the “Instructions for Authors” that can be found at the back of this issue, as well as at our website. COMITÉ CIENTÍFICO / ADVISORY BOARD Mustafa Aydin Romualdo Bermejo Professor of International Relations, Chair in Public International Law, Rector of the Kadir Has University, Istanbul University of León Mely Caballero-Anthony Ralph Emmers Professor of International Relations, Associate Professor of International Relations, Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore Terrence Guay Mendo Castro Henriques Professor of International Business, Professor, Portuguese Catholic University and Pennsylvania State University former Director for Research, National Defence Institute Tai Hwan Lee Bobo Lo Senior Fellow, Director, Russia and Eurasia Programme, The Sejong Institute, Seoul Chatham House, London Li Nan Javier Niño Senior Research Fellow, DG External Relations (Conflict Prevention and U.S. Naval War College Crisis Management), European Commission Haksoon Paik Alessandro Politi Director, Center for North Korean Studies, Strategic & OSINT Analyst The Sejong Institute, Seoul Former WEU Researcher John Ravenhill Reinhardt Rummel Professor of International Relations Professor of International Security, Munich University The Australian National University Former Director of Programmes, SWP Berlin Sten Rynning Leonard C. Sebastian Professor of International Relations and Security Professor of International Relations, Studies, University of Southern Denmark Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore Abdelkader Sid Ahmed Terry Terriff Professor of International Economics, Centre for Military and Strategic Studies, Université Paris-Sorbonne University of Calgary Dan Tschirgi Kostas Ifantis Professor of Political Science, Professor of International Relations, The American University in Cairo Athens University Juan Emilio Cheyre Massimo de Leonardis Director, Center for International Studies, Director of the Department of Political Science, Catholic University of Chile Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan Arvind Kumar Head of the Department of Geopolitics and International Relations, Manipal University COMITÉ DE REDACCIÓN / EDITORIAL COMMITTEE DIRECTOR / EDITOR Antonio Marquina Chair in Security and Cooperation in International Relations, Complutense University of Madrid VOCALES / ASSOCIATE EDITORS Carlos Corral Santiago Petschen Chair in Religious Forces in International Society Chair in Religious Forces in International Society, (Emeritus), Complutense University of Madrid Complutense University of Madrid José Antonio Sáinz de la Peña Carlos Echeverría Colonel, Spanish Army (Ret.) Professor of International Relations, Senior Researcher, UNISCI UNED University, Madrid Javier de Quinto David García Professor of International Economics, Professor of International Relations, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid Complutense University of Madrid Javier Ignacio García Belén Lara Professor of International Relations, Arms Control and Disarmament Expert, IE University, Segovia Senior Researcher, UNISCI Antonio Alonso Xira Ruiz Professor of International Relations, UNISCI Research Fellow, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid Complutense University of Madrid Alberto Priego Gracia Abad UNISCI Research Fellow, UNISCI Research Fellow, Complutense University of Madrid Complutense University of Madrid SECRETARIO DE REDACCIÓN / EDITORIAL COORDINATOR Eric Pardo Sauvageot AYUDANTES DE REDACCIÓN / EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Gustavo Díaz, Javier Morales, Gloria Inés Ospina, María-Ángeles Alaminos Hervás, Beatriz Tomé DIRECTORIOS Y BASES DE DATOS / ABSTRACTING & INDEXING CATÁLOGO LATINDEX ● COLUMBIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ONLINE (CIAO) ● CSA WORLDWIDE POLITICAL SCIENCE ABSTRACTS ● DIALNET ● DIFUSIÓN Y CALIDAD EDITORIAL DE LAS REVISTAS ESPAÑOLAS DE HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y JURÍDICAS (DICE), CSIC ● DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS (DOAJ) ● GOOGLE SCHOLAR ● HOMELAND SECURITY DIGITAL LIBRARY ● INDEX ISLAMICUS ● INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE LEADERS AND ORGANIZATIONS ONLINE (IGLOO) LIBRARY ● INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SCIENCE ABSTRACTS ● INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND SECURITY NETWORK (ISN) PUBLISHING HOUSE ● INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND COUNTER -TERRORISM REFERENCE CENTER ● ISOC — CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y SOCIOLOGÍA , CSIC ● LANCASTER INDEX TO DEFENCE & INTERNATIONAL SECURITY LITERATURE ● NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ADVANCEMENT (NIRA) POLICY RESEARCH WATCH ● ONLINE COMPUTER LIBRARY CENTER (OCLC) ● PORTAL DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID ● RED DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE , ESPAÑA Y PORTUGAL (REDALYC) ● SCIRUS ● ULRICH ’S PERIODICALS DIRECTORY ● WORLD CAT . 3 © UNISCI, 2010 Departamento de Estudios Internacionales, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected] / Web: www.ucm.es/info/unisci Tel.: (+ 34) 91 394 2924 / Fax: (+ 34) 91 394 2655 ISSN: 1696-2206 El contenido de la revista puede ser citado, distribuido o empleado para fines docentes siempre que se mencione debidamente su fuente. No obstante, es necesario el permiso del Comité de Redacción para republicar un artículo, debiendo además indicarse claramente su aparición previa en UNISCI Discussion Papers. All materials can be freely cited, distributed or used for teaching purposes, provided that their original source is properly mentioned. However, those wishing to republish an article must contact the Editorial Committee for permission; in that case, its previous publication in UNISCI Discussion Papers must be clearly stated. 4 UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 23 (May / Mayo 2010) ISSN 1696-2206 CONTENTS / ÍNDICE Antonio Marquina Editor’s Note 7 TURKEY / TURQUÍA (Mustafa Aydin, Coord.) Nur Bilge Criss Parameters of Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP 9 Governments Gencer Özcan The Changing Role of Turkey’s Military in Foreign 23 Policy-Making Process Gokhan Bacik The Rise of Identity Politics in Turkey 47 Bican Şahin & Mete Transnational Advocacy Networks in Perspective: 61 Yıldız Democratization, Human Rights and NGOs in Turkey Ahmet K. Han From “Strategic Partnership” to “Model Partnership”: 77 AKP, Turkish-US Relation and the Prospects under Obama Mert Bilgin Turkey’s energy strategy: What difference does it make 113 to become an energy transit corridor, hub or center? Sinem Akgül Açıkmeşe Cycles of Europeanization in Turkey: 129 The Domestic Impact of EU Political Conditionality Meliha Benli Altunışık Turkey’s Changing Middle East Policy 149 Özlem Tür Turkish-Syrian Relations – Where are we going? 163 Mustafa Aydın Turkey´s Caucasus Policy 177 Diba Nigar