U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey The Brachiopod Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the Upper Morrowan and Atokan (Lower Middle Pennsylvanian) of the United States U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1588 The Brachiopod Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the Upper Morrowan and Atokan (Lower Middle Pennsylvanian) of the United States By Thomas W. Henry T OF EN TH U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1588 TM E R I A N P T E E D R . I O S . R Taxonomic and biostratigraphic analysis of a widespread and U stratigraphically restricted, semireticulate productid brachiopod M 9 A 8 4 R C H 3, 1 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1998 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Mark Schaefer, Interim Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Henry, Thomas W. The brachiopod Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the upper Morrowan and Atokan (lower Middle Pennsylvanian) of the United States / by Thomas W. Henry. p. cm.—(U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1588) Includes bibliographical references (p. – ). 1. Antiquatonia coloradoensis—United States. 2. Paleontology—Pennsylvanian. 3. Animals, Fossil—United States. I. Title. II. Series. QE797.S89H46 1988 564′.68—dc21 97–42005 CIP CONTENTS Abstract ................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Repositories and Locality Register............................................................................... 1 Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................... 2 Stratigraphy and Setting of Type Locality .......................................................................... 2 Type Locality and Collections ..................................................................................... 2 Tectonic Setting............................................................................................................ 5 Stratigraphy ................................................................................................................. 5 Measured Sections in Fourmile Creek Area................................................................. 6 Macrofauna .................................................................................................................. 8 Correlation and Age ..................................................................................................... 10 Systematic Paleontology ...................................................................................................... 10 Genus Antiquatonia Miloradovich, 1945 [emend. Sarycheva, 1949, and Sarycheva and Sokolskaya, 1952].................................................................. 10 Diagnosis .............................................................................................................. 10 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 10 Range ................................................................................................................... 12 Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty)...................................................................... 12 Description Based on Type Specimens ........................................................ 13 Measurements............................................................................................... 14 Cataloged Specimens.................................................................................... 14 Discussion of Type Material......................................................................... 14 Inclusion of Antiquatonia portlockiana var. quadratia in A. coloradoensis ............................................................................... 16 Discussion of Supplemental Brachial-Valve Interiors ................................. 19 Inferred Phylogeny and Comparison with Other Species ................................... 19 Inferred Phylogeny ....................................................................................... 19 Comparison with Antiquatonia morrowensis............................................... 20 Comparison with Antiquatonia hermosana.................................................. 21 Comparison with Antiquatonia portlockiana ............................................... 24 General Discussion............................................................................................... 24 Occurrences and Ranges....................................................................................... 26 Southern Rocky Mountains .......................................................................... 26 Eastern Great Basin ...................................................................................... 26 Midcontinent................................................................................................. 28 Appalachian Basin........................................................................................ 28 Summary of Occurrences and Ranges.......................................................... 29 References Cited .................................................................................................................. 29 III IV CONTENTS PLATES [Plates 1–5 follow References Cited] 1. Primary type specimens of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from lower part of Belden Shale, Park County, Colo. 2. Primary type specimens of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from lower part of Belden Shale, Park County, Colo., and hypotype of A. coloradoensis from Burgner Formation, Jasper County, Mo. 3. Primary type specimens of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) and primary type specimens of A. portlockiana var. quadratia Sturgeon and Hoare, herein referred to A. coloradoensis. 4. Primary type specimens of Antiquatonia portlockiana var. quadratia Sturgeon and Hoare, herein referred to A. coloradoensis (Girty), and representative species of brachiopods from type locality of A. coloradoensis (Girty). 5. Characteristic elements of brachiopod fauna from type locality of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from lower part of Belden Shale, Park County, Colo. FIGURES 1. Map of Colorado showing locations of Park and Lake Counties and study area ........................................................... 3 2. Composite topographic map of parts of Mount Sherman and Fairplay West 7.5-minute quadrangles, showing type locality of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) and approximate locations of measured sections ......................... 4 3. Correlation of measured stratigraphic sections on both sides of Fourmile Creek in vicinity of type locality of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty)................................................................................................................................ 7 4. Sketches identifying characters measured on specimens of Antiquatonia ..................................................................... 11 5. Graphs showing number of costellae and costae in 10 mm at 20 mm surface length for Antiquatonia morrowensis (Mather) and its probable descendants, A. coloradoensis (Girty), A. hermosana (Girty), and A. portlockiana (Norwood and Pratten).......................................................................................................................... 20 6. Chart showing lineage of Antiquatonia in Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian strata in the United States .................... 21 7. Map of the United States showing locations of verified or probable occurrences of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) ............................................................................................................................................................................. 27 TABLES 1. Invertebrate macrofauna from collections containing primary and secondary type specimens of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from lower part of Belden Shale on ridge south of Fourmile Creek, near Fairplay, Colo. ......... 9 2. Measurements of figured and (or) measured primary type specimens and topotypes of Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the upper Morrowan part of the Belden Shale, Park County, Colo., and of a hypotype from the upper Atokan Burgner Formation, Jasper County, Mo. ................................................................... 15 3. Measurements of primary type specimens of Antiquatonia portlockiana var. quadratia Sturgeon and Hoare (referred herein to A. coloradoensis (Girty)) from upper Atokan strata of the “lower Mercer limestone and shale” of the Pottsville Formation, southeastern Ohio. ............................................................................................................. 17 4. Measurements of specimens identified as Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) and A. hermosana (Girty) by Ragan (1959) from the Burgner Formation (upper Atokan), Jasper County, Mo., and referred herein to A. coloradoensis (Girty) ............................................................................................................................................................................