ACLU SUMMARY of the 2011 SUPREME COURT TERM * * * Major Civil Liberties Decisions Steven R. Shapiro National Legal Director ACLU Dated: June 28, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ......................................................................................................... iv HEALTH CARE ............................................................................................................................. 1 FIRST AMENDMENT ................................................................................................................... 1 A. Freedom of Speech .......................................................................................................... 1 B. Establishment Clause ....................................................................................................... 2 C. Free Exercise Clause ........................................................................................................ 2 FOURTH AMENDMENT.............................................................................................................. 3 FIFTH AMENDMENT .................................................................................................................. 3 A Miranda............................................................................................................................ 3 B. Double Jeopardy .............................................................................................................. 4 SIXTH AMENDMENT .................................................................................................................. 4 A. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel .................................................................................... 4 B. Confrontation Clause ....................................................................................................... 5 C. Jury Trials ........................................................................................................................ 6 EIGHTH AMENDMENT ............................................................................................................... 6 ELEVENTH AMENDMENT ......................................................................................................... 6 EQUAL PROTECTION ................................................................................................................. 6 DUE PROCESS .............................................................................................................................. 6 BIVENS CLAIMS ........................................................................................................................... 7 QUALIFIED IMMUNITY ............................................................................................................. 7 IMMIGRATION ............................................................................................................................. 8 STATUTORY CIVIL RIGHTS CLAIMS...................................................................................... 9 A. Family and Medical Leave Act ........................................................................................ 9 B. Privacy Act....................................................................................................................... 9 C. Torture Victim Protection Act ......................................................................................... 9 VOTING RIGHTS ........................................................................................................................ 10 SOCIAL SECURITY ACT........................................................................................................... 10 COPYRIGHT ................................................................................................................................ 10 HABEAS CORPUS ...................................................................................................................... 10 FEDERAL CRIMINAL LAW ...................................................................................................... 12 FEDERAL CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ....................................................................................... 12 PATENTS ..................................................................................................................................... 13 ii JURISDICTION ........................................................................................................................... 13 PREEMPTION ............................................................................................................................. 13 POLITICAL QUESTION DOCTRINE ........................................................................................ 14 ARBITRATION ........................................................................................................................... 14 ATTORNEY’S FEES & COSTS.................................................................................................. 14 iii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock, 2012 WL 2368660 (June 25, 2012) ................. 2 Arizona v. U.S., 2012 WL 2368661 (June 25, 2012) ................................................................ 8, 14 Armour v. City of Indianapolis, 132 S.Ct. 2073 (June 4, 2012) ..................................................... 6 Astrue v. Capato, 132 S.Ct. 2021 (May 21, 2012)........................................................................ 10 Blueford v. Arkansas, 132 S.Ct. 2044 (May 24, 2012) ................................................................... 4 Bobby v. Dixon, 132 S.Ct. 26 (Nov. 7, 2011) ................................................................................. 3 Cavazos v. Smith, 132 S.Ct. 2 (Oct. 31, 2011) .............................................................................. 10 Coleman v. Court of Appeals of Maryland, 132 S.Ct. 1327 (Mar. 20, 2012) ............................. 6, 9 Coleman v. Johnson, 132 S.Ct. 2060 (May 29, 2012) .................................................................. 11 CompuCredit Corp. v. Greenwood, 132 S.Ct. 665 (Jan. 10, 2012) .............................................. 14 Dorsey v. U.S., 2012 WL 2344463 (June 21, 2012) ..................................................................... 12 Douglas v. Independent Living Center, 132 S.Ct. 1204 (Feb. 22, 2012) ...................................... 13 Elgin v. Dep’t of the Treasury, 2012 WL 2076340 (June 11, 2012) ............................................ 13 FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc., 2012 WL 2344462 (June 21, 2012) .................................... 1 Federal Aviation Administration v. Cooper, 132 S.Ct. 1441 (Mar. 28, 2012) ............................... 9 Filarsky v. Delia, 132 S.Ct. 1657 (Apr. 17, 2012) .......................................................................... 8 Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders, 132 S.Ct. 1510 (Apr. 2, 2012) .................................... 3 Golan v. Holder, 132 S.Ct. 873 (Jan. 18, 2012) ........................................................................... 10 Gonzalez v. Thaler, 132 S.Ct. 641 (Jan. 10, 2012) ....................................................................... 11 Greene v. Fisher, 132 S.Ct. 38 (Nov. 8, 2011) ............................................................................. 11 Hardy v. Cross, 132 S.Ct. 490 (Dec. 12, 2011) ........................................................................ 5, 12 Holder v. Martinez, 132 S.Ct. 2011 (May 21, 2012) ...................................................................... 8 Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. EEOC, 132 S.Ct. 694 (Jan. 11, 2012)............................................................................................................................. 2 Howes v. Fields, 132 S.Ct. 1181 (Feb. 21, 2012) ........................................................................... 4 Judulang v. Holder, 132 S.Ct. 476 (Dec. 12, 2011) ....................................................................... 8 Kawashima v. Holder, 132 S.Ct. 1166 (Feb. 21, 2012) .................................................................. 8 Knox v. SEIU, 2012 WL 2344461 (June 21, 2012) ........................................................................ 2 Lafler v. Cooper, 132 S.Ct. 1376 (Mar. 21, 2012) .......................................................................... 5 Maples v. Thomas, 132 S.Ct. 912 (Jan. 18, 2012) ........................................................................ 11 Marmet Health Care Center v. Brown, 132 S.Ct. 1201 (Feb. 21, 2012) ...................................... 14 Martel v. Clair, 132 S.Ct. 1276 (Mar. 5, 2012) ............................................................................ 12 Martinez v. Ryan, 132 S.Ct. 1309 (Mar. 20, 2012) ....................................................................... 11 iv Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc., 132 S.Ct. 1289 (Mar. 20, 2012) ......................................................................................................................... 13 Messerschmidt v. Millender, 132 S.Ct. 1235 (Feb. 22, 2012) ........................................................ 7 Miller v. Alabama, 2012 WL 2368659 (June 25, 2012) ................................................................. 6 Mims v. Arrow Financial Services, 132 S.Ct. 740 (Jan. 18, 2012) ............................................... 13 Minneci v. Pollard,