ESL-TR-20-11-02 ENERGY EFFICIENCY/RENEWABLE ENERGY IMPACT IN THE TEXAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION PLAN (TERP) VOLUME I—TECHNICAL REPORT Annual Report to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality January 2019-December 2019 Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Ph.D., P.E., Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., Bahman Yazdani, P.E., Patrick Parker, Shirley Ellis, Gali Zilbershtein, Ph.D., David Claridge, Ph.D., P.E. November 2020 Energy Systems Laboratory November 08, 2020 Mr. Robert Gifford Air Quality Division Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Austin, TX 78711-3087 Dear Mr. Gifford: The Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station of the Texas A&M University System is pleased to provide its annual report, “Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy Impact in the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP),” as required under Texas Health and Safety Code 386.205, 386.252, 388.006, 389.003 (e), and under Texas Utilities Code Sec. 39.9051 (g) (h), and Sec. 39.9052 (c) (d). The ESL is required to annually report the energy savings from statewide adoption of the Texas Building Energy Performance Standards in Senate Bill 5 (SB 5), as amended, and the relative impact of proposed local energy code amendments in the Texas non-attainment and near-non-attainment counties as part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). Please contact me at (979) 845-9213 should you or any of the TCEQ staff have any questions concerning this report or any of the work presently being done to quantify emissions reduction from energy efficiency and renewable energy measures as a result of the TERP implementation. Sincerely, David E. Claridge, Ph.D., P.E., FASHRAE Director Enclosure 2019 TERP Report, Vol. I, p. 2 Disclaimer This report is provided by the Energy Systems Laboratory of the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES) as required under Sections 386.205, 386.252, 388.006, and 388.003 (e) of the Texas Health and Safety Code and Sections 39.9051 (g) (h), and 39.9052 (c) (d) of the Texas Utilities Code. The information provided in this report is intended to be the best available information at the time of publication. TEES makes no claim or warranty, express or implied, that the report or data herein is necessarily error-free. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Energy Systems Laboratory or any of its employees. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station or the Energy Systems Laboratory. November 2020 Energy Systems Laboratory, Texas A&M University 2019 TERP Report, Vol. I, p. 3 VOLUME I – TECHNICAL REPORT Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy Impact In The Texas Emissions Reduction Plan Executive Summary The Energy Systems Laboratory (Laboratory), a division of the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station and a member of The Texas A&M University System, in fulfillment of its responsibilities under Sections 386.205, 386.252, 388.006, and 388.003 (e) of the Texas Health and Safety Code and Sections 39.9051 (g) (h), and 39.9052 (c) (d) of the Texas Utilities Code, submits its annual report, Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy (EE/RE) Impact in the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP) to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. The report is organized in two volumes. Volume I – Technical Report – provides a detailed report of activities, methodologies and findings, including an executive summary and overview; Volume II – Technical Appendix – contains detailed data from simulations for each of the counties included in the analysis. The ESL worked with the EPA and TCEQ regarding a new version of eGRID for all counties in Texas. A new version of eGRID was developed and presented in this report. Accomplishments: a. Energy Code Amendments The Laboratory was requested by several Councils of Governments (COGs) and municipalities to analyze the stringency of several proposed residential and commercial energy code amendments, including: the 2015 IECC and the ASHRAE Standards 90.1-2013. Results of the analysis are included in this Volume I-Technical Report. b. Technical Assistance The Laboratory provided technical assistance to the TCEQ, PUCT, SECO, ERCOT, and several political subdivisions, as well as stakeholders participating in improving the compliance of the Texas Building Energy Performance Standards (TBEPS). The Laboratory also worked closely with the TCEQ to refine the integrated NOx emissions reduction calculation procedures that provide the TCEQ with a standardized, creditable NOx emissions reduction from energy efficiency and renewable energy (EE/RE) programs, which are acceptable to the US EPA. These activities have improved the accuracy of the creditable NOx emissions reduction from EE/RE initiatives contained in the TERP and have assisted the TCEQ, local governments, and the building industry with effective, standardized implementation and reporting. c. NOx Emissions Reduction Under the TERP legislation, the Laboratory must determine the energy savings from energy code adoption and, when applicable, from more stringent local codes or above-code performance ratings, and must report these reductions annually to the TCEQ. Figure 1 shows the integrated NOx emissions reduction through 2024 for the electricity and natural gas savings from the various EE/RE programs. November 2020 Energy Systems Laboratory, Texas A&M University 2019 TERP Report, Vol. I, p. 4 OSP NOx reduction levels 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 Tons/Ozone SeasonDay Tons/Ozone 50 25 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 ESL-Single Family ESL-Multifamily ESL-Commercial PUC (SB7) SECO SEER13-Single Family SEER13-Multi Family SEER14-Single Family SEER14-Multi Family Renewables-ERCOT Figure 1: Integrated OSP NOx Emissions Reduction Projections through 2024 (Base Year 2008) In 2019 (Table 1), the total integrated annual savings from all programs are 75,802,813 MWh/year. The integrated annual electricity savings from all the different programs are: • Savings from code-compliant residential and commercial construction are 6,279,626 MWh/year (8.3% of the total electricity savings), • Savings from the PUC’s Senate Bill 7 program are 4,628,168 MWh/year (6.1%), • Savings from SECO’s Senate Bill 5 program are 1,691,059 MWh/year (2.2%), • Electricity savings from renewable power generation are 62,168,032 MWh/year (82.0%), and • Savings from residential air conditioner retrofits1 are 1,035,928 MWh/year (1.4%). By 2024, the total integrated annual savings from all programs will be 116,515,731 MWh/year. The integrated annual electricity savings from all the different programs are: • Savings from code-compliant residential and commercial construction will be 12,872,105 MWh/year (11.0% of the total electricity savings), • Savings from the PUC’s Senate Bill 7 program will be 6,429,358 MWh/year (5.5%), • Savings from SECO’s Senate Bill 5 program will be 2,933,310 MWh/year (2.5%), • Electricity savings from renewable power generation will be 93,479,378 MWh/year (80.2%), and • Savings from residential air conditioner retrofits will be 801,581 MWh/year (0.7%). In 2019 (Table 2), the total integrated annual NOx emissions reductions from all programs are 32,291 tons- NOx/year. The integrated annual NOx emissions reductions from all the different programs are: • NOx emissions reductions from code-compliant residential and commercial construction are 2,099 tons- NOx/year (6.5% of the total NOx savings), • NOx emissions reductions from the PUC’s Senate Bill 7 programs are 1,547 tons-NOx/year (4.8%), • NOx emissions reductions from SECO’s Senate Bill 5 program are 546 tons-NOx/year (1.7%), • NOx emissions reductions from renewable power generation are 27,757 tons-NOx/year (86.0%), and • NOx emissions reductions from residential air conditioner retrofits are 342 tons-NOx/year (1.1%). 1 This assumes air conditioners in existing homes are replaced with the more efficient SEER 13 units, versus an average of SEER 11, which is slightly more efficient than the previous minimum standard of SEER 10. SEER 14 calculations for existing homes were added from 2019-2024. November 2020 Energy Systems Laboratory, Texas A&M University 2019 TERP Report, Vol. I, p. 5 By 2024, the total integrated annual NOx emissions reductions from all programs will be 49,470 tons-NOx/year. The integrated annual NOx emissions reductions from all the different programs are: • NOx emissions reductions from code-compliant residential and commercial construction will be 4,363 tons-NOx/year (8.8% of the total NOx savings), • NOx emissions reductions from the PUC’s Senate Bill 7 programs will be 2,136 tons-NOx/year (4.3%), • NOx emissions reductions from SECO’s Senate Bill 5 program will be 969 tons-NOx/year (2.0%), • NOx emissions reductions from renewable power generation will be 41,738 tons-NOx/year (84.4%), and • NOx emissions reductions from residential air conditioner retrofits will be 265 tons-NOx/year (0.5%). Table 1: Annual and OSP Electricity Savings for the Different Programs (Base Year 2008) ANNUAL (MWh) PROGRAM 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 ESL-Single Family 0 25,031 47,000 74,109 153,562 215,164 275,535 360,010 533,473 722,595 967,082 1,212,227 1,463,313 1,720,666 1,984,624 2,255,535 2,533,763 ESL-M ultifamily 0 50,784 108,018 200,414 332,835 527,292 774,578 1,225,617