E2227 VOL.3 REPUBLIC OF RWANDA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES Public Disclosure Authorized Land-husbandry, Water-harvesting and Hillside-irrigation (LWH) project Public Disclosure Authorized Pest Management Plan (PMP) and Arrangement for LWH FINAL DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized THE GOVERNMENT OF RWANDA P.O. Box 6961, Kigali, Rwanda Tel: ; Fax: ; E-Mail: I Public Disclosure Authorized Rukazambuga Ntirushwa Daniel,National University of Rwanda Consultant Report, July 2009 ilPage Table of Contents Table ofContents.................................................................................................................................. ii LISTE OF ACRONYM ............................................................................................................................ 1 List oftables ..........................................................................................................................................3 List of figures.........................................................................................................................................3 Executive Summary ...............................................................................................................................4 1.0 Background...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Rwanda's Hillside Irrigation Agriculture ....................................................................................5 2.0 Pest problems in the LWH Project area.........................................................................................7 2.1 LWH Project Development Objective .........................................................................................7 2.2 Project components ......................................................................................................................7 2.3 Integrated Pest Management and Use of Pesticides in the target crops of LWHo .......................8 2.3.1 Understanding Integrated Pest Management (IPM) .......................................................8 2.3.2 Suitability and importance oftarget crops production under L WH ............................. 10 2.3.3 .. Current and anticipated pest problems in Rwanda that are relevant to LWH project,14 2.4 Integrated pest management (IPM) under LWH .......................................................................21 2.4.1 Pest management in mango ..........................................................................................22 2.4.2 Pest management in avocado ........................................................................................24 2.4.3 Pests management on Pineapple...................................................................................26 2.4.4 Management ofmajor pests ofBananas.......................................................................26 2.4.5 Proposed Management ofmajor pests of French beans ...............................................28 2.4.6 Proposed Management of major pests ofcoffee ..........................................................29 2.4.7 Proposed Management ofmajor pests oftea................................................................31 2.4.8 Proposed Management of major pests ofcitrus............................................................31 2.4.9 Proposed Management ofmajor pests of pastures grasses and legumes...................... 32 2.4.10 Major pest management for tomato, ..........................................................................32 2.4.11 Major pest management for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) ...................................41 2.4.12 Major pests management in carrots, ..........................................................................45 2.4.17 Management of major pest of cabbages................................................................... .45 2.4.13 Major pest management for tree tomato, .................................................................. .45 2.4.14 Major pest management for onion and leeks ............................................................ .45 2.4.15 Major pest management for gooseberry, .................................................................. .46 2.4.16 Major pest management for strawberry, ................................................................... .46 2.5. Pest management and pesticide use policy ...............................................................................46 2.5.1 Resistant varieties use in pests and disease management.. .......................................... .46 2.5.2 Informal cultural practices use in pests and disease management.. .............................. 47 iilPage 2.5.3 Natural control (use ofnatural enemies) in pests and disease management ............... .47 2.5.4 Current Pesticides use in pests and disease management.. .......................................... .47 2.6. Expected IPM experience ofthe project (L WH) and within the country ................................ .49 3.0 Rwandan laws, regulations, responsible authorities and their mandates and programs related to IPM and pesticide management....................................................................................................... 51 3.1. Legal framework and enforcement ..........................................................................................51 3.2 Circumstances of pesticide use and the capability and competence of end-users to handle products within acceptable risk margins .........................................................................................52 3.2.1 Circumstances ofpesticide use ....................................................................................52 3.2.2 Anticipated pesticides use in different crops under LWH ............................................ 52 3.2.2 .3 Pesticides use in French/green beans ........................................................................ 53 3.4 Environmental and public health risks associated with the transport, storage, handling and use of pesticides under local circumstances, and the disposal ofempty containers and obsolete stocks............................................................................................................................................... 53 3.4.1 Environmental and Public health risks/impacts ............................................................53 3.4.2 Legal framework and enforcement ...............................................................................53 3.4.3 Capacity building for pesticide users and traders ........................................................54 3.5 Pre-requisites and/or measures required to reduce specific, identified risks associated with envisaged pesticide use under the project (e.g. protective gear, training) ............................... 54 3.5.1 Legal framework and enforcement ...............................................................................54 3.5.2 Capacity building: .........................................................................................................54 3.5.3 Pesticide technology knowledge (training) ..................................................................54 3.6.0 IPM and Pesticide use under LWH ....................................................................................... .55 Table 1: Pesticides products envisaged for pests and diseases control in L WH and health aspects....................................................................................................................................56 3.7.1 Pesticides use in management of coffee diseases and pests ........................................58 3.7.2 Pesticides use in management ofother crops under L WH ...........................................58 4.0 Components of the Pest Management Plan (PMP) .......................................................................59 4.1 Objectives ..................................................................................................................................59 4.2. Integrated pest management (IPM) under L WH ......................................................................59 4.3 Scope ofthe Pest Management Plan (PMP) under LWH ..........................................................60 5.0 Implementation Strategy ................................................................................................................61 5.1 Capacity ofthe country's regulatory framework and institutions to promote and support safe, effective, and environmentally sound pest management. ................................................................61 5.1.1 National IPM Workshop ..............................................................................................61 5.1.2 Capacity building of extension staff in IPM, safe pesticide handling and use ..........61 5.1.3 Capacity building of farmers in IPM ............................................................................63 iiilPaneb 5.1A Demonstrations ofIPM technologies ...........................................................................63 5.1.5 Organizing field days on demonstration site ...............................................................65 5.1.6 Study tours for extension staff and farmers ..................................................................65 5. L 7 Strengthening capacity in seed technology ..................................................................66 6.0 LWH staffing and