MYANMA RAILWAYS MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR PREPARATORY SURVEY FOR YANGON-MANDALAY RAILWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT PHASE II FINAL REPORT (FOR DISCLOSURE) FEBRUARY 2018 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS FOR TRANSPORTATION CO., LTD. PACIFIC CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. 1R TONICHI ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. JR NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. 18-022 MYANMA RAILWAYS MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR PREPARATORY SURVEY FOR YANGON-MANDALAY RAILWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT PHASE II FINAL REPORT (FOR DISCLOSURE) FEBRUARY 2018 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS FOR TRANSPORTATION CO., LTD. PACIFIC CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. TONICHI ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. (Exchange Rate: October 2017) 1 USD=110 JPY 1 USD=1,360MMK 1 MMK=0.0809 JPY Preparatory Survey for Yangon-Mandalay Railway Improvement Project Phase ll Final Report Preparatory Survey for Yangon-Mandalay Improvement Project Phase II Final Report Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures & Tables Project Location Map Abbreviations Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background of the Project ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Purpose of the Project ...................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Purpose of the Study ........................................................................................................ 1-3 1.4 Study Area ....................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.5 Study Tasks ...................................................................................................................... 1-4 Chapter 2 Review and Update Demand Forecast 2.1 Review of Demand Forecast in previous study ............................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Precondition ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.2 Demand Forecasting Result ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Update of Demand Forecast ............................................................................................. 2-2 2.2.1 Methodology ............................................................................................................ 2-2 2.2.2 Update of Socio-economic Frame ............................................................................ 2-3 2.2.3 Update of Transportation Network .......................................................................... 2-7 2.2.4 Update of Passenger Demand Forecast .................................................................... 2-8 2.2.5 Update of Cargo Demand Forecast ........................................................................ 2-15 Chapter 3 Natural Condition 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Climate ............................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2.1 Objective .................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2.2 Meteorokogical & Hydrological Date Collection .................................................... 3-2 3.3 Earthquake ....................................................................................................................... 3-8 3.3.1 Background and Earthquake Zone of Myanmar ...................................................... 3-8 3.3.2 Records of Earthquakes in Myanmar ..................................................................... 3-11 3.3.3 Identification of Sources of Seismic Activities and Seismic Hazard Assessment . 3-15 - i - Preparatory Survey for Yangon-Mandalay Railway Improvement Project Phase ll Final Report 3.3.4 Seismic Hazard Assessment ................................................................................... 3-16 3.3.5 Impact of Earthquakes on the Project Area and Use of Collected Data in the Study ...................................................................................................................... 3-17 3.4 Geotechnical Conditions ................................................................................................ 3-18 3.4.1 Scope of Objective ................................................................................................. 3-18 3.4.2 Scope of Work ........................................................................................................ 3-18 3.4.3 The Project Location .............................................................................................. 3-19 3.4.4 Topography ............................................................................................................ 3-19 3.4.5 Regional Geologic Setting ..................................................................................... 3-19 3.4.6 Classification of soil layer ...................................................................................... 3-20 3.4.7 FIELD INVESTIGATION ..................................................................................... 3-22 3.4.8 LABORATORY TEST .......................................................................................... 3-30 3.4.9 Liquefaction Potential at Site ................................................................................. 3-31 3.4.10 The Necessity of Geotechnical Survey at Detail Design Stage .............................. 3-45 Chapter 4 Railway System Parameters and Outline of Design Conditions 4.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Rolling Stock Gauge and Construction Gauge ................................................................ 4-4 4.2.1 Current MR Rolling Stock Gauge and Construction Gauge .................................... 4-4 4.2.2 Proposed Construction Gauge and Rolling Stock Gauge for Yangon-Mandalay Railway Phase I ........................................................................................................ 4-5 4.3 Axel Load of Train .......................................................................................................... 4-8 4.3.1 Current MR Axle Load ............................................................................................ 4-8 4.3.2 Proposed MR Axel Load of Train for Yangon-Mandalay Railway ......................... 4-8 Chapter 5 Railway Project Plan 5.1 Train Operation ................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.1.1 Current Conditions of Train Operation .................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Future Plan of Train Operation ................................................................................ 5-6 5.1.3 Number of DEMU Cars to be Procured ................................................................... 5-9 5.1.4 Draft Station Track Layout .................................................................................... 5-11 5.2 Track Alignment ............................................................................................................ 5-14 5.2.1 Current Conditions of Track Alignment ................................................................ 5-14 5.2.2 Recommendation for Track Alignment .................................................................. 5-16 5.3 Track and Roadbed ........................................................................................................ 5-38 5.3.1 Current Condition of Track and Roadbed .............................................................. 5-38 5.3.2 Problems and Countermeasures for Current Track ................................................ 5-44 5.3.3 Recommendation for Improvement of Track and Subballast/Roadbed ................. 5-45 5.3.4 Current condition and Problems of PC Sleeper Production ................................... 5-53 - ii - Preparatory Survey for Yangon-Mandalay Railway Improvement Project Phase ll Final Report 5.3.5 Current Status of Ballast Production ...................................................................... 5-63 5.3.6 Summary of Quantity and Cost of Track Works .................................................... 5-69 5.4 Earth Work ..................................................................................................................... 5-71 5.4.1 Current Conditions of Earth Work ......................................................................... 5-71 5.4.2 Recommendation for Earth Work .......................................................................... 5-77 5.5 Railway Bridges ............................................................................................................. 5-80 5.5.1 Current Conditions of Existing Bridges ................................................................. 5-80 5.5.2 Improvement Plans of Railway Bridges ............................................................... 5-101 5.6 R.O.B. .........................................................................................................................