Doc No: FR – MR Transboundary Water Management in SADC Transboundary Water Management in SADC DAMDAM SYNCHRONISATION SYNCHRONISATION AND AND FLOOD FLOOD RELEASES RELEASES IN IN THETHE ZAMBEZI ZAMBEZI RIVER RIVER BASIN BASIN PROJECT PROJECT Final Report Executive Summary 31 March 2011 Annex 4 RecommendationsSWRSD Zambezi Basin Jointfor Venture Investments 31 March 2011 SWRSD Zambezi Basin Joint Venture This report is part of the Dam Synchronisation and Flood Releases in the Zambezi River Basin project (2010-2011), which is part of the programme on Transboundary Water Management in SADC. To obtain further information on this project and/or progamme, please contact: Mr. Phera Ramoeli Senior Programme Officer (Water) Directorate of Infrastructure and Services SADC Secretariat Private Bag 0095 Gaborone Botswana Tel: +267 395-1863 Email: [email protected] Mr. Michael Mutale Executive Secretary Interim ZAMCOM Secretariat Private Bag 180 Gaborone Botswana Tel: +267 365-6670 or +267 365-6661/2/3/4 Email: [email protected] DAM SYNCHRONISATION AND FLOOD RELEASES IN THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN: ANNEX 4 OF FINAL REPORT Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................. III LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ VI LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... VII LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................................IX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ III 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 PURPOSE AND STRUCTURE OF THIS REPORT .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 GENERAL APPROACH ................................................................................................................................ 4 2 REGULATION OF SHIRE RIVER AND LAKE MALAWI ............................................................... 6 2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ..................................................................................................... 6 2.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT: STAKEHOLDERS VIEWS AND EXPERT VIEWS ........................................................ 6 2.3 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................................ 8 2.4 DECISION STAGE OF INVESTMENTS ......................................................................................................... 11 2.5 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ....................................................................................... 12 2.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 16 3 INVESTMENTS IN MULTIPURPOSE DAMS ON THE ZAMBEZI AND KAFUE RIVERS ...... 18 3.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 18 3.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT: STAKEHOLDERS VIEWS ..................................................................................... 18 3.3 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENTS .............................................................................................................. 19 3.4 DECISION STAGE OF INVESTMENTS ......................................................................................................... 20 3.5 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ....................................................................................... 21 3.5.1 Batoka Gorge Hydro Electric Scheme .................................................................................................... 26 3.5.2 Mphanda Nkuwa Hydropower Project ................................................................................................... 28 3.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 30 4 NEW MULTIPURPOSE DAMS ON THE TRIBUTARIES ............................................................. 31 4.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 31 4.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT: STAKEHOLDERS VIEWS ..................................................................................... 31 4.3 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENTS .............................................................................................................. 33 4.3.1 Zambia (Luangwa) ............................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.2 Zimbabwe (Gwayi, Sanyati and Mazowe) .............................................................................................. 35 4.3.3 Mozambique (Luia, Revubué, Muira) ................................................................................................... 38 4.3.4 Box 4-1 Dams to provide water for livelihoods ......................................................................................... 41 4.4 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ....................................................................................... 42 4.5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 45 5 INVESTMENTS IN CAHORA BASSA RESERVOIR ...................................................................... 46 5.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 46 5.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT: STAKEHOLDER VIEWS ....................................................................................... 46 5.3 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT ................................................................................................................ 46 5.4 DECISION STAGE OF INVESTMENTS ......................................................................................................... 47 5.5 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA IN THIS STUDY ........................................................................................ 47 5.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 51 6 FLOOD RISK ZONING ..................................................................................................................... 52 6.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 52 6.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT: STAKEHOLDERS VIEWS ..................................................................................... 52 iii DAM SYNCHRONISATION AND FLOOD RELEASES IN THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN: ANNEX 4 OF FINAL REPORT 6.3 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENTS .............................................................................................................. 54 6.3.1 Box 6-1 Different ways of flood risk mapping .......................................................................................... 55 6.4 DECISION STAGE OF INVESTMENTS ......................................................................................................... 60 6.4.1 Box 6-2 Example of the European Union Flood Directive ........................................................................ 61 6.5 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ....................................................................................... 62 6.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 65 7 STRUCTURAL FLOOD PROTECTION .......................................................................................... 66 7.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 66 7.2 SITUATION ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................................... 66 7.3 DESCRIPTION OF POSSIBLE INVESTMENTS ............................................................................................... 67 7.4 DECISION STAGE OF INVESTMENTS ......................................................................................................... 71 7.5 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ....................................................................................... 72 7.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 74 8 SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT WITH BOTTOM OUTLETS ......................................................... 75 8.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVESTMENTS ................................................................................................... 75 8.2 DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT ................................................................................................................ 76 8.3 EVALUATION OF THE CRITERIA OF THIS STUDY ......................................................................................