e-Bulletin Volume 3 Issue 2 April–June 2016 RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE SWORN IN AS 16TH PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES WHAT’S INSIDE? Rodrigo Roa Duterte Sworn ANFREL Joins FORUM-ASIA for a Mission in as 16th President of the Republic Malaysia’s 2016 By-Elections 2 8 in Mongolia, Visits Member Organization 13 of the Philippines Malaysia’s BERSIH 2.0 Receives Human Rights Successful Elections Conrm ANFREL Condemns Police Action against Awards for Electoral Reform Work; Chairperson 4 Democracy Is Alive in the Philippines 9 South Korea Electoral Group 14 Barred from Leaving the Country to Accept Award Opposition Unseats Ruling Party ANFREL Secretariat and CNE Timor Leste Afghanistan’s Wolesi Jirga Rejects Electoral 5 in Mongolian Elections 10 Observe Philippine Elections 15 Reform Proposals ANFREL, together with TAF and IRI, ANFREL Network Observes Philippine New Election Law in Cambodia Curtails Holds Workshop on Best Practices Overseas Voting in Malaysia, Taiwan, 6 11 16 People’s Basic Freedoms in Election Observation for Thai CSOs and Thailand Unexpected Results in South Korea Second Editors Forum in Myanmar Upcoming elections 7 13 National Assembly Elections 17 2 HIGHLIGHT ANFREL congratulates the Philippines on its summary executions of individuals suspected successful holding of the May 9, 2016 national of petty crimes and dealing in drugs in Davao. and local elections. But Duterte’s straightforward, sometimes On 30 June 2016, the new set of leaders ofcially out-of-control, manner of speaking endeared assumed their posts. President Benigno Simeon him to Filipino voters. As a candidate, he Aquino III handed over the presidency to promised the voters that he would bring real President Rodrigo Duterte in a ceremony held change. He emphasized during his inaugural at the Malacañang Palace (Presidential Palace). speech that the words “real change” were the ones that catapulted him to the presidency. In a separate inaugural ceremony, a rst in Amid criticism about his methods, he vowed Philippine history, the newly elected during his speech that his “adherence to due vice-president, Maria Leonor “Leni” Robredo, process and the rule of law is uncompromising.” also took her oath as the 14th vice-president of the republic. Traditionally, oath-taking Vice-President Leni Robredo, on the other hand ceremonies of both the president and ran, under the banner of the Liberal Party, vice-president are held together. But this time, President Aquino's party. She is considered a the ofce of the president opted to have two neophyte politician but was a long-time lawyer functions in order for the new vice-president to working for a non-government organization accommodate more guests. (NGO) providing basic legal services. She had previously run and been elected to the House President Duterte is among the longest-serving of Representatives (lower house) of the mayors in the Philippines. As mayor of Davao Philippines’ bicameral legislature in 2013 City, a highly urbanized city in Mindanao, he following the untimely death of her husband, was known, both nationally and internationally, Jesse Robredo, who also served as Mayor of for his tough stance against criminality and was Naga City for more than a decade and later sometimes referred to by the media as “The became Secretary of the Philippine Department Punisher.” Duterte was alleged to be behind the of the Interior and Local Government. Davao Death Squad (DDS), a group known for 3 HIGHLIGHT Vice-President Robredo appealed to voters with “The only way for all of her simplicity and her strong advocacy of participatory governance. She won the us to realize our vision vice-presidency by a small margin over Ferdinand “BongBong” Marcos, Jr., the son of the late former President Ferdinand Marcos. for our nation is to work Marcos recently led an election protest with the Presidential Electoral Tribunal (PET) claiming together. During these fraud in the electoral process. Vice-President Robredo in her inaugural speech called for unity in order to serve the people well. times when there seem She emphasized that “The only way for all of us to realize our vision for our nation is to work to be signicant divisions together. During these times when there seem to be signicant divisions and conict in the world, the challenge is to come together, and conict in the world, celebrate our commonalities and differences, and turn them all into strengths.” Consistent the challenge is to come with her campaign promises, she reiterated the need to work hard in order to improve the lives of those who are at the fringes of society, whom together, celebrate our she vowed to help prosper. In a statement after the May 9 elections, commonalities and ANFREL applauded the Filipino people for their active participation in the democratic process, which resulted in a historic voter turnout of 81%. differences, and turn ANFREL also commended the Commission on Elections COMELEC) for their commitment to them all into strengths.” hold free and fair elections. VIEW FULL STATEMENT AT: http://anfrel.org/anfrel-congratulates-the-philippines-for-successful-holding-of-2016- national-and-local-elections-notes-challenges-ahead/ 4 HIGHLIGHT SUCCESSFUL ELECTIONS CONFIRM DEMOCRACY IS ALIVE IN THE PHILIPPINES Ramon Casiple Executive Director, Institute for Political and Electoral Reform (IPER) The 2016 Philippine national and local elections The nationwide implementation of the held on May 9 were a success. biometrics voter registration system was incomplete and was not used much on Election The elections had a greater than 81% voter Day. Long queues still proved to be a challenge turnout. The winning national candidates, which led to disenfranchisement of voters in particularly the presidential, vice-presidential, many precincts across the country. There was, and senatorial winners, were determined within however, a marked improvement in the three days after voters went to the polls. Indeed, facilitation of voting for the elderly, PWDs, losing presidential candidates started to detainees and persons in other marginalized concede to Davao Mayor Rodrigo Duterte just sectors. ve hours after the polls closed. Vote-buying and election-related violence The elections were monitored by a good remain the most serious problems with number of citizens and organizations, as well Philippine elections. as by observers from foreign embassies and international observers. The observers were Other areas of the electoral process that still unanimous in concluding that, despite the usual need improvements include the conduct of the problems such as long queues and missing random manual audit; the voter registration list names in the voters list, the elections were which can be difcult for a voter to nd his/her largely free and fair. The credibility of the results name yet still contains the names of unqualied was high and the voters accepted them. voters such as dead persons and non-residents; and insufcient information and training Despite some problems with the automated regarding automated system instructions for election system (AES), this year’s counting and persons working for the Board of Election transmission of results through the vote Inspectors (BEIs). counting machines (VCMs) was by far the fastest compared with the experience of two There is no doubt that the electoral system previous automated elections. It also saw the produced a new set of leaders, which the people fewest machine failures, compared to the have accepted. Its triumph is a victory for elections in 2010 and 2013. Philippine democracy. 5 HIGHLIGHT OPPOSITION UNSEATS RULING PARTY IN MONGOLIAN ELECTIONS On June 29, Mongolia held parliamentary Despite these last-minute changes, the June 29 elections, the seventh since the country’s elections saw a high voter turnout, with 72 transition to democracy in 1990. The opposition percent of Mongolia’s 1.9 million eligible voters Mongolian People’s Party (MPP) won a landslide turning out to cast their ballots on election day. victory, securing a controlling 85 percent This was an increase over turnout for the 2012 parliamentary majority with 65 seats in the elections and reversed a trend of declining voter 76-member State Great Khural. 35 of the 65 MPP participation in the last decade. The election members of parliament elected are rst-time results have been widely interpreted as a ofceholders. demonstration of voters’ dissatisfaction with the performance of the DP government, in The MPP won 45 percent of the popular vote, particular its handling of the economy. while the incumbent Democratic Party (DP) won 33 percent, securing just nine parliamentary seats. The remaining two seats went to the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party (MPRP) and an independent candidate, a popular folk singer whose campaign focused on nationalism and environmental issues. The results came as a surprise to many observers, as public opinion surveys and polls before the election had predicted a close race between the DP and the MPP. Analysts have pointed to a change in Mongolia’s electoral rules as the reason for the disproportionality between the percentage of the Photo Source: http://www.telesurtv.net/english/news/Former-Communists- popular vote and parliamentary Win-Parliamentary-Elections-in-Mongolia-20160629-0020.html seats won by the two major parties. Two months Mongolia’s economic growth declined steadily before the election, the DP government passed from 17 percent when the DP came to power in a new election law that changed the electoral 2011 to an estimated 0.4-2 percent this year, and system back to a simple majoritarian system the country faces rising foreign debt and instead of the mixed majoritarian-proportional unemployment. On July 7, the MPP chose representation system used in the 2012 Erdenebat Jargaltulga as Prime Minister. Mr. elections. A majoritarian system tends to Erdenebat formerly served as Finance Minister, benet large parties at the expense of smaller signaling that xing the country’s troubled parties and independent candidates.