GLNG PROJECT - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Section 7 Values and ManagementofImpacts 7 Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Values and Management of Impacts J:\Jobs\42626220\07 Deliverables\EIS\FINAL for Public Release\7. Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Values and Management of Impacts\7-2 Climate\07 02 Climate (Section 7.2) FINAL Public.doc GLNG Project - Environmental Impact Statement 7.2 Climate 7.2.1 Introduction This section discusses local climate characteristics, seasonal conditions and potential extreme climatic events including cyclones, flooding, drought and bushfires within the gas transmission pipeline corridor. Non climate associated hazards and risks are described in Section 10. 7.2.2 Existing Environmental Values The climate for the gas transmission pipeline corridor ranges from an inland sub-tropical climate along the western section (within the CSG fields), with cold winters and hot summers; to the wet-dry regime characterised by high summer rainfall and dry winter conditions at the eastern extent on Curtis Island. The climate of the CSG fields and LNG facility study areas is described in detail within Sections 6.2 and 8.2 respectively. This section considers the climate for the central area of the gas transmission pipeline corridor and utilises meteorological data collected at Biloela (a site operated by the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries (DPIF)), and Thangool Airport and Baralaba Post Office (operated by the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM)). These sites are located approximately half way along the 435 km gas transmission pipeline corridor as shown in Figure 7.2.1, and indicate the local climatic conditions within this area of the pipeline corridor. 7.2.2.1 Temperature Mean maximum temperatures range from 21.9 C in July at Biloela DPIF to 34.4 C in January at Baralaba Post Office. Mean minimum temperatures range from 5.2 C in July at Biloela DPIF to 21.4 C in January at Baralaba Post Office. This data is shown in Figure 7.2.2. 7.2.2.2 Rainfall and Evaporation The sites at Biloela DPIF, Thangool Airport and Baralaba Post Office report similar annual rainfall statistics, averaging 661 mm, 683 mm and 709 mm respectively, as shown in Figure 7.2.3. The summer months (December to February) report the highest average monthly rainfalls (approximately 100 mm per month). Rainfall in the winter months (April to September) averages approximately 20 to 40 mm per month. Evaporation records are only available for Biloela DPIF and Thangool Airport (Figure 7.2.4). Evaporation is highest from November through to February, with a mean daily potential evaporation rate of approximately 7 mm (approximately 210 mm per month). The winter months of June and July exhibit daily evaporation rates of approximately 3 mm (approximately 90 mm per month). April and September are generally the driest months, as rainfall is low (with an average rate of about 40 mm and 20 mm respectively), and evaporation demand is reasonably high (averaging about 5 mm for April and 5.5 mm for September). 7.2.2.3 Relative Humidity The monthly average relative humidity data (at 9 am and 3 pm) recorded at each of the sites within the gas transmission pipeline corridor is shown in Figure 7.2.5. Relative humidity is higher at 9 am, ranging from 50 % to 75% on average, and lower at 3 pm, ranging from 27% to 47%. This is primarily due to the low temperature in the morning and high temperature in the afternoon as the water holding capacity of the air increases with temperature. At most of the sites, relative humidity is higher in winter than in summer, with September and October (spring) reporting the lowest relative humidity levels. Of the three sites Thangool has the lowest relative humidity, with Baralaba slightly more humid than Biloela. Prepared for Santos Ltd, 31 March 2009 7.2.1 !( Capella ISAAC !(Canoona REGIONAL 148°0'0"E 149°0'0"E 150°0'0"E 151°0'0"E ROCKHAMPTON REGIONAL !( Rockhampton !( C o r a l Stanwell !( Port Curtis Emerald S e a |!( Blackwater !( !( !( WOORABINDA !( Comet Tolmies SHIRE Curtis Dingo Island CENTRAL HIGHLANDS !( !( REGIONAL Boolburra Mount Larcom |!( Gladstone !( Beecher 24°0'0"S WOORABINDA 24°0'0"S !( | SHIRE GLADSTONE REGIONAL Springsure Baralaba |!( !( Biloela !(| Miriam Vale !( !( Rolleston| |!( Banana Thangool Bauhinia !( WOORABINDA SHIRE BUNDABERG !( REGIONAL MURWEH | !( Monto SHIRE !( BANANA SHIRE !( Wyseby Mulgildie 25°0'0"S 25°0'0"S Cynthia !( Ceratodus !( Eidsvold !( Malmoe !( Binjour !( !( !( Reids Cre Taroom Nantglyn !( !( | Gayndah NORTH BURNETT REGIONAL Injune |!( 26°0'0"S 26°0'0"S ROMA REGIONAL SOUTH BURNETT REGIONAL Mungallala !( Mitchell !( | DALBY REGIONAL |!( Roma !( Miles | !( Ku !( Chinchilla !( !( Bell Condamine 27°0'0"S 27°0'0"S |!( Surat Ducklo !( The Gums !( !( Jondaryan TOOWOOMBA REGIONAL !( !( Br BALONNE SHIRE Yarranlea !( Westmar GOONDIWINDI Millmerran 148°0'0"E 149°0'0"E !( 150°0'0"E 151°0'0"E !( REGIONAL Belingra St George !( 28°0'0"S 28°0'0"S of URS Australia Pty Ltd. !( Towns | Meteorological Stations Kilometers 05 10 20 30 40 50 / Major Roads Local Government Areas Scale 1:2 500 000 Datum : GDA 94 Gas Transmission Pipeline CSG Fields Source: This map may contain data which is sourced and Copyright. Refer to Secion 18.2 of the EIS for ownership and copyright details. Client Project Title GLADSTONE LNG PROJECT LOCATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING SITES Drawn: MG Approved: JB Date: 02-02-2009 Rev. A Figure: 7.2.1 4262 6220 This drawing is subject to COPYRIGHT. It remains the property Job No.: File No.: 42626220-g-899.mxd A4 GLNG PROJECT - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Section 7 Values and ManagementofImpacts 40 35 30 C) o 25 20 15 10 Temperature ( Temperature 5 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Biloela DPI Max 33.2 32.2 31.2 28.9 25.4 22.2 21.9 23.9 27.0 29.8 31.7 32.9 Biloela DPI Min 19.8 19.5 17.7 13.7 10.1 6.5 5.2 5.6 8.6 13.2 16.4 18.4 Thangool Airport Max 33.7 33.1 32.5 29.9 26.6 23.5 23.2 24.7 28.1 30.4 31.5 33.0 Thangool Airport Min 19.8 19.9 17.6 13.9 10.1 7.0 5.5 6.3 9.6 13.7 16.3 18.6 Baralaba Post Office Max 34.4 33.5 32.7 30.3 26.6 23.6 23.1 25.1 28.4 31.2 32.8 34.1 Baralaba Post Office Min 21.4 21.1 19.3 15.9 12.4 8.9 7.4 8.6 11.8 15.7 18.4 20.2 Time (Month) Figure 7.2.2 Mean Monthly Maximum and Minimum Temperature at Sites Adjacent to the Gas Transmission Pipeline 120 ) 100 80 60 40 20 Mean Monthly Rainfall (mm 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Biloela DPI 101.3 101.4 63.1 38 41.4 34.4 30.1 21.4 23.3 54 76.5 98.6 Thangool Airport 96.5 95.4 59.9 35.2 40.5 33.3 29.5 22.9 24 57.8 77 90.4 Baralaba Post Office 93.1112.373.245.542.135.629.721.424.656.377.199.7 Time (Month) Figure 7.2.3 Mean Monthly Rainfall at Sites Adjacent to the Gas Transmission Pipeline Prepared for Santos Ltd, 31 March 2009 7.2.3 GLNG PROJECT - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Section 7 Values and ManagementofImpacts 8 n 7 6 5 (mm) 4 3 Mean Daily Evaporatio 2 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Biloela DPI 7.1 6.8 6.1 4.8 3.5 2.9 2.9 3.7 5.1 6.4 7.1 7.5 Thangool Airport 7.4 6.6 6.4 5.1 4 2.9 3.1 4 5.5 6.8 6.7 7.4 Time (Month) Figure 7.2.4 Mean Daily Evaporation (mm) at Sites Adjacent to the Gas Transmission Pipeline 80 ) 70 60 50 40 30 Mean Relatively Humidity(% 20 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Biloela DPI 9am 65 69 66 65 67 72 67 61 54 55 57 60 Biloela DPI 3pm 42 47 41 42 43 46 38 34 29 33 37 39 Thangool Airport 9am 61 66 62 59 60 62 60 54 51 52 55 57 Thangool Airport 3pm 38 43 37 38 40 40 35 30 27 30 33 38 Baralaba Post Office 9am 64 67 66 67 72 76 74 67 58 56 57 60 Baralaba Post Office 3pm 41 45 42 40 43 45 42 38 33 34 37 38 Time (Month) Figure 7.2.5 Mean Monthly Relative Humidity (%) at 9 am and 3 pm at Sites Adjacent to the Gas Transmission Pipeline Prepared for Santos Ltd, 31 March 2009 7.2.4 GLNG PROJECT - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Gas Transmission Pipeline Environmental Section 7 Values and ManagementofImpacts 7.2.2.4 Wind Figure 7.2.6 presents the monthly average wind speed at 9 am and 3 pm for Thangool and Baralaba monitoring locations (Biloela has not been included as complete data is not available for the same time period). For both sites, monthly average wind speed ranges from 1.6 m/s to 3.1 m/s, with a site average of 2.7 m/s for Thangool, and 2.2 m/s for Baralaba.