Indian Archives Microfilm Guide Series 9: Kiowa Agency Records Compiled by Katie Bush Series 9: Kiowa Agency Records Table of Contents Census and Enrollment p. 3, 49 Kiowa Agency Records Letterpress Books p. 7, 36 Federal, State, and Local Court Relations p. 22 Foreign Relations p. 26 Military Relations and Affairs p. 27 Indian History, Culture, and Acculturation p. 33 Estates, Births, Marriages, Divorces, Deaths, Wills, and Related Records p. 35 Cattle, Grazing, and Pastures p. 41 Fences, Boundary Lines, and Homesteads p. 43 Intruders and Roads p. 43 Field Matrons p. 43 Traders p. 44 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Letters Received p. 46 Schools p. 50 Farmers p. 52 Issues p. 55 Fort Sill Indian School Records p. 63 Series 9: Kiowa Agency Records (includes Comanche, Apache, and other various tribes) Introduction The treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek, Kansas (15 Stat., 581 and 15 Stat., 589) concluded on Oct. 21, 1868 between the United States and the Kiowa, Comanche, and Kiowa Apache provided for a reservation in Indian Territory to be located between the Washita and Red Rivers. This was a modification and reduction of a reservation established by a treaty of Oct. 18, 1865 (Stat. L xiv 717) with the Comanche and Kiowa. In 1868 A. G. Boone, Special Agent to the Kiowas and Comanches, and Pvt. Maj. Gen. W. B. Hazen were sent to Indian Territory to bring together the Kiowas, Comanches, and Apaches who wished to abide by their treaty commitments. Progress was made and the following year Boone’s successor, Laurie Tatum, arrived at agency headquarters near Fort Sill. When he assumed control on July 1, 1869, he found himself in charge of the Wichita Agency as well. That agency had been established in July of 1859 on the south side of the Washita River near Sugar Creek in an area long claimed by the Wichita. Samuel A. Blaine served as first agent there for this tribe and the Caddo and Kichai. Later Waco, Tawakoni, Anadarko, Ionie (Hainai), Tonkawa, some Penateka Comanche, Delaware and Shawnee groups became part of this agency. During a brief interval in the early 1870s part of the Pawnees from Nebraska made their home at this agency before moving to their new reservation. In 1868, Wichita Agent Henry Shanklin left his post and General Hazen assumed responsibility for the tribes there until their agency was joined to that of the Kiowa for a short period. In 1870, the agency, properly called the Caddo, Wichita and Affiliated Bands Agency, became independent once more with Jonathan Richards taking charge in November of that year. Although some of the tribes had long resided in the region, it was not until Oct. 19, 1872 that an agreement, never ratified, established a reservation for Wichitas and Affiliated Bands between the Washita and Canadian Rivers, northeast and adjacent to the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache Reservation. In the decade following 1868, the Kiowa-Comanche Agency remained in operation near Fort Sill. On Sep. 1, 1878, that agency and the Wichita Agency were again consolidated. At that time, instructions were given to move the agency office from Fort Sill to the Wichita Agency near the present town of Anadarko. The office at Fort Sill served as a subagency for a number of years. In 1894, Geronimo and a group of Chiricahua Apache prisoners of war who had formerly been at Fort Marion, Florida and Mount Vernon Barracks, Alabama, were brought to Fort Sill. In 1913, 87 of them elected to remain in Oklahoma rather than return to the Mescalero Apache Reservation in New Mexico. They were allotted land near the town of Apache. The allotment of the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache was completed in 1901 after several years of their attempting to prevent the dissolution of their reservation and eventual use of surplus land for white settlement. The Wichita and other tribes of the original Wichita Agency group were allotted lands before Aug. 6, 1901 when their surplus lands as well as those of the Kiowas, Comanches, and Apaches were opened for white settlement. History of the Records: In 1933, a survey of Indian Agency records was made in Oklahoma. The noncurrent Kiowa Agency papers were stored in an old frame warehouse. The loft floor was covered with documents and bound volumes to a depth of one to four feet. There were also a number of letter books stored in the vault and basement of the agency headquarters. Agency Superintendent W. B. McCown explained that there was not space to store these records in the agency. Following passage of the Congressional Act of Mar. 27, 1934 (H. R. 5631, Public No. 133) the records were placed in custody 1 of the Oklahoma Historical Society and 519 bound volumes and approximately 750,000 pages were brought to the Indian Archives Division of the Society. The records cover all major subjects under Indian and government relations, such as agents’ reports, census and enrollment records, allotment, land leases and sales, intertribal and military relations, Indian annuity and per capita payments, church and school records, agency financial and employee records, among others. The records span the period 1854-1934. It was decided by Dr. Grant Foreman of the Society’s Board of Directors and Mrs. Rella Watts Looney, Archivist, (1929-1976) to place them in useable research categories according to the subject of content. This order in many files varied from their original agency filing order which could not be ascertained in most cases. Within each category documents were filed chronologically and the subject categories were placed in file cases or shelved in alphabetical order under each agency. The records have proved to have extensive research value and use to students of Indian culture and history in the past 45 years. Use of the records has been facilitated by an unpublished inventory of the categories within each agencies’ holdings. This includes the name of the agency, the subject category, the inclusive dates, number of pages and location within the archives. In addition, through the years indexing to name and subject has continued but is not complete. In microfilming these documents an attempt has been made to combine related categories, i.e., land allotment, leases, and sales. This will not follow the present organization within the Archives, but it is thought that it will be the most useful procedure for research use. 2 KA 1 Kiowa Agency Records: Census and Enrollment Kiowa-Census-Letters Sent and Received: June 27, 1871-Oct. 12, 1920 Kiowa-Census-Keechie, Tawakoni, Apache, Kiowa, and others: Undated Comanche-Census: Undated Kiowa-Census by Bands-Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache; Wichita and Affiliated Bands; Shawnee: Nov. 30, 1869 Statistical Farming Return at Wichita and Comanche Agency: 1869 Kiowa-Census-Head of Bands of Kiowa and Comanche: Dec. 31, 1870 Kiowa-Census-Agency – Statistical Returns, Various Tribes and Bands: 1873 Kiowa-Census-Agency – Names of Chiefs, Headmen and Numbers of Bands – Delaware, Comanche, Apache, Kiowa: 1874 Kiowa-Census-Agency – Delaware, Tawakoni, Waco, Wichitas, Comanche, Caddo, Keechie: July 1876 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache (Volume): 1879-1880 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache (Volume): 1880 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache; Wichita and Affiliated Bands (Volume): 1881- 1883 KA 2 Kiowa Agency Records: Kiowa Agency Census and Enrollment Kiowa-Census-Kiowa, Comanche and Apache; Caddo, Wichita and Affiliated Bands: 1883 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa, Comanche and Apache; Caddo, Wichita and Affiliated Bands: 1883-1885 Kiowa-Census-Apache (Incomplete): 1885 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa: 1885 Kiowa-Census-Unidentified Tribal Members: 1885 Kiowa-Census-Unidentified Tribal Members: 1886 Kiowa-Census-Comanche: 1888 Kiowa-Census-Apache: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Comanche: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Comanche Census Worksheet: July 8, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Delaware: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Keechie: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Tawakoni: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Waco: June 30, 1889 Kiowa-Census-Wichita: June 30, 1889 3 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa and Apache: 1889-1890 Kiowa-Census-Wichita and Affiliated Bands: 1889-1890 KA 3 Kiowa Agency Records: Census and Enrollment Kiowa-Census-Comanche: 1890-1892 Kiowa-Census-Comanche: 1892-1893 o Band Chiefs’ or Headmen’s names are underlined in the volume. Kiowa-Census-Kiowa and Apache: 1892-1893 o Including Kiowa and Apache soldiers at Fort Sill Kiowa-Census-Census of the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes, including the Wichita, Tawakoni, Keechi (Kichai), Waco, Delaware, Caddo: 1892; 1894 KA 4 Kiowa Agency Records: Census and Enrollment – Census Volumes, Worksheets, and Lists for the Apache, Caddo, Comanche, Delaware, Kiowa, Wichita, and Affiliated Tribes, 1893-1901 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa and Apache: 1893 o Census recapitulation as to numbers of males, females, and school age children in the Kiowa and Apache Tribes. Kiowa-Census-Comanche: 1893; 1895 Kiowa-Census-Kiowa and Apache: 1893; 1895 o Census of the Kiowa and Apache including lists of Kiowa and Apache soldiers at Fort Sill Kiowa-Census-Wichita and Affiliated Tribes: 1894 o Census of the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes, including the Wichita, Tawakoni, Keechi (Kichai), Waco, Delaware, Caddo Kiowa-Census-Wichita and Affiliated Tribes: 1895-1896 o A list of 86 Delaware, Wichita, Waco, Tawakoni, Keechie (Kichai) Indians Kiowa-Census-Apache: June 30, 1899 o Census of the Apache Tribe of Indians of the Kiowa and Comanche Agency, Oklahoma Territory, taken by James F. Randlett, Lt. Col., U. S. A., United States Indian Agent Kiowa-Census-Comanche: June 30, 1899 o Census of the Comanche Tribe of Indians of Kiowa, Comanche and Wichita Agency, Anadarko, Oklahoma, taken by James F. Randlett, Lt. Col., U. S. A., United States Indian Agent. Kiowa-Census-Kiowa: June 30, 1899 4 o Census of the Kiowa Indians of the Kiowa Agency, Anadarko, Oklahoma Territory, taken by James F.